Clinical anatomi Nzeve. Nemamiriro womunhu nzeve

Kunzwa Nhengo anoita basa iri zvikuru upenyu huzere hwevanhu. Saka zvine musoro kuti kudzidza maumbirwo kwayo kuchakurukurwa zvakadzama.

nzeve anatomi

The anatomical nemamiriro nzeve, uyewo avo zvinoriumba ine zvinokosha nezvainoita unhu pakunzwa. Kubva zvizere nokushanda basa ichi kunobva kutaura kodzero. Naizvozvo, nzeve utano, ari nyore munhu kuita mabasa anokosha. Zvinhu izvi uye mhaka yokuti yakarurama anatomi Nzeve kunokosha.

Pakutanga vaiona nemamiriro nhengo kunzwa tinofanira kutanga nzeve kuti kutanga anobata meso avo vasina aiziva nyaya yakaitwa nevanhu. Riri pakati mastoid uye rwemberi divi rwenyama mandibular pamwe mberi. Zvinonzi Vongai pinna maonero manzwi ndiwo akanakisisa murume. Uyezve, zviri chikamu ichi nzeve kunokosha zvikuru zvizorwa.

Sezvo mujinga auricle zvinogona tsunga shwashwa ndiro, ane ukobvu hakuiti kupfuudza 1 mm. Kumativi ose nayo akafuka ganda uye perichondrium. nzeve anatomi Hunotaurawo chokuti chete chikamu goko, isina cartilaginous marangwanda, ane akafukidza. It rine nomungoro mafuta ganda. The auricle ane mugove convex dzomukati uye yokunze concave, sezvamakaropafadzwa ganda zvakasimba adherent kuti perichondrium. Achitaura mukati menyika goko, zvinokosha kuziva kuti munharaunda ino connective zvinyama dzakabudirira zvikuru kuoneka.

Fastens ari pinna kusvika zygomatic, ari mastoid rikurumidze uye chikero zvenyama mapfupa kubudikidza tsandanyama nemarunda.

zvekunze nzeve anatomi

The kwokunze auditory meatus inogona sokuva dzinongoitika kuenderera mhango pakati goko. Kureba akura ari anenge 2.5 cm. The dhayamita anogona dzinosiyana 0,7 kusvika 0,9 cm. Chikamu ichi nzeve ane pezvakaita lumen pakati tsviyo kana vakagumisa. Chokunze Chikamu nzeve Canal inogona muzvikamu zviviri: rokunze membranous-cartilaginous uye mhou menyika. Last anoburuka kusvika eardrum, izvo zvinozoita anotsaura pakati uye dzokunze nzeve.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu kureba kwokunze auditory meatus anotora membranous-cartilaginous chikamu. Kana pfupa dhipatimendi, iye anowana chete chetatu. Sezvikonzero membranous-cartilaginous dhipatimendi anoshumira kuenderera shwashwa Nzeve, inova rudzi rakazaruka rwemberi mutserendende. cartilaginous marangwanda Its zvinodzongonyedza santorinievye vertically achimhanya slits. Vari up ne fibrous tishu. Muganhu acoustic meatus uye parotid shwanu iri chaiyo panguva nzvimbo umo mashoko pakakoromoka. Izvi inotsanangura mukana kukura chirwere, yakabuda rokunze nzeve, mune parotid shwanu. Zvinonzi kunzwisisa kuti hosha anogona yakapararira nekwekupedzesera.

Vane akakodzera mashoko pasi nomusoro waiti "anatomi nzeve", iwe unofanira kuteerera chokwadi chokuti membranous-cartilaginous chikamu mapfupa zvakabatana chikamu kwokunze auditory meatus nokuda fibrous tishu. Chinonyanya rakamanikana chikamu anogona kuwanikwa pakati kadhi. Akatumidza nekamukwavarara.

Mukati membranous-cartilaginous dhipatimendi ganda rine sarufa sebaceous omumuviri, uye bvudzi. It secretion kwemasero aya, uyewo chikero pakati Epiderme e, iyo yabviswa, aumbwa cerumen.

Madziro wokunze auditory meatus

Nzeve Anatomy uye inosanganisira mashoko pamusoro pamadziro-siyana, izvo yakarongwa rokunze ndima:

• Rokunze rusvingo pfupa. Kana izvi zvaitika pakati dehenya nokutyora, ayo mugumisiro angava liquorrhea uye ropa kubva nzeve mugero.
• Rusvingo mberi. It riri pamuganhu pamwe temporomandibular shaya rwakashodoka. Kuchinjwa pachayo anoenda rushaya kufamba membranous-cartilaginous chikamu kwokunze ndima. marwadzo Sudden anogona kuenda dög kwacho panyaya kana pane kuzvimba ari Anterior pamadziro.

• Maererano nzeve anatomi kwevanhu kudzidza uye rwemberi rusvingo rwokunze nzeve canal, izvo Anopatsanura yokupedzisira kubva mastoid mumasero. Mujinga rusvingo urwu ndakaiswa chako tsinga.
• rusvingo Bottom. mugove ichi rokunze ndima anoparadzanisa kubva mate parotid shwanu. Tichienzanisa musoro zviri refu nokuda 4-5 mm.

Innervation uye ropa Kusasvika nhengo rokunzwikwa

Izvi Mabasa kukosha Fungisisa hazvo avo kudzidza sechivako yevanhu nzeve. auditory nhengo anatomi zvinosanganisira kwemashoko akazara pamusoro innervation kwayo izvo akatakurirwa trigeminal etsinga, ari vagus mapazi etsinga nzeve uye remuromo plexus. Muchiitiko chino, ndicho posterior auricular etsinga kunopa wokugaya nerubatsiro tsinga, tsandanyama Nzeve, kunyange zvavo dzichipfekeka basa rinogona kurondedzerwa se yakaderera zvakakwana.

Panyaya ropa rive riri kucherechedza kuti ropa rive inopiwa kubva hurongwa pamusoro kwokunze carotid tsinga.

ropa rive neDare pinna zvakananga chinoitwa achishandisa zvachero zvenyama posterior auricular tsinga. boka iri pamwe nebazi nhumbi maxillary posterior auricular tsinga uye anopa ropa riyerere pakadzika zvikamu nzeve uye tympanic Kamudzira zvikurukuru.

Shwashwa ravapo Powered by midziyo riri perichondrium.

Under nyaya dzakadai se "Anatomy uye physiology Nzeve", zvinokosha kufunga nedanho venous abudise muchikamu ichi muviri uye kufamba node. Venous ropa kunosiya Nzeve nzeve shure uye shoma shure-mandibular tsinga.

Achitaura node, water drainage ayo achibva kuruvanze nzeve rinoitwa nevanhu nodes zviri mastoid pamberi tragus, uye rusvingo nechepasi rokunze auditory mugero.

eardrum

Chikamu chino nhengo rokunzwikwa anoshumira Kuparadzana rokunze uye pakati nzeve. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye munhu translucent fibrous ndiro, ndiro simba zvakakwana uye afanane chimiro ane denderedzwa.

Pasina chinyorwa ichi harizoiti woshanda zvizere nzeve. Anatomy mamiriro eardrum buritsa dzakakukwanira zvakadzama: ukuru hwaro anenge 10 neMM, apo yatambanudzwa yatovapo 8-9 mm. An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti vana kuti chikamu nhengo rokunzwikwa iri rinenge kufanana nedzevakuru. Musiyano chete ipfupi kuti akadini - vachiri vaduku, iye vakagumisa uye zvinooneka mukobvu. Kana isu kutora bhuku pfungwa zvokunze auditory meatus akabatana, vakananga payo drumhead dzinongoda obliquely pagungano rikwanise akachinjikana (anenge 30 °).

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ndiro ichi iri riri buri pamusoro Drum faibha-shwashwa mhete. Achifuridzirwa eardrum acoustic mafungu kunotanga dedera uye transmits oscillations kusvika pakati nzeve.

tympanum

Clinical anatomi yapakati nzeve zvinosanganisira mashoko pamusoro wayo marongerwo uye mabasa. Chikamu chino nhengo kunzwa zvinoreva tympanum, uyewo auditory chubhu ine maitiro masero pneumatic. Mhango pachayo - ane slots-kufanana nzvimbo, iyo masvingo 6 anogona kuva anokudzwa.

Uyezve, pakati nzeve dziri nzeve mapfupa matatu - pachipfuriro, sando uye stirrup. Vari chokuita sustavchikov diki. Panyaya iyi, nenyundo ari pedyo napedyo kusvika eardrum. Hazvina basa omumwe ruzha pachishandiswa imwe Kamudzira aigona kukonzera nenyundo anotanga kubvunda. Zvadaro, mukuru vibration iri inoparadzirwa pachipfuriro uye stapes, uye ipapo yomukati nzeve yake anopindura. Ndiyo anatomi yevanhu nzeve pakati chacho.

Sei nzeve yomukati

Chikamu chino nhengo rokunzwikwa iri zvenyama pfupa uye nzvimbo chakafanana maze. Muchikamu ichi akagamuchira ruzha tinoshandurirwa nemagetsi nomunhu vanotumwa muuropi. Chete pashure okuguma iyi, munhu anokwanisa kupindura ruzha.

Zvakakosha kuti kuteerera chokwadi kuti munzeve ine migero semicircular. Izvi akakodzera mashoko avo vanodzidza nemamiriro womunhu nzeve. Anatomy wenyika chikamu chino nhengo rokunzwikwa ane maonero sepombi matatu izvo hwakakungwa mune imwe chinhu chakakombama chimiro. Ivo iri ndege matatu. Nokuda zvokurwara dhipatimendi Nzeve kungava hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka mune vestibular ino.

anatomi nokurira kugadzirwa

Kana kurira simba anopinda nzeve chomukati, zvinonzi dzikwanise pulses. Muchiitiko chino, pamusana peculiarities Nzeve nemamiriro inzwi chinozunguzirwa anopararira nokukurumidza. A mugumisiro izvi ndiko panowanikwa hydrostatic kumanikidzwa, zvikaita kuti idzokere kavha ndiro. Somugumisiro, deformation kwamakamuri bvudzi stereocilia, izvo chichizouya ezvinhu excitation, achishandisa kutsinga dzinouya Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu zvinoparadzira mashoko.

mhedziso

Zviri nyore kuona kuti nemamiriro yevanhu nzeve ndiyo zvikuru kunzwisisa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha kuti vave nechokwadi kuti kunzwa muviri neutano hwakanaka uye kudzivirira kukura zvirwere zvinowanikwa munharaunda iri. Zvikasadaro, ungasangana dambudziko rakadai, sezvo kutyorwa omumwe inzwi. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kana zviratidzo zvokutanga kunyange kana vari vashoma, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti aripe kushanya kune chiremba pamwe zvikuru vanokwanisa.