Chirimwa "Hammer uye rinopinza." Chirimwa "Hammer nembezo", Moscow

Simbi dzinenge yagara nomuzongoza wenyika yedu, achizivisa zvikuru-zvinodiwa mbishi mashoko kugadzirwa michina nokuda National upfumi, sainzi uye zvechiuto. Chokwadi, ayo kukura aenda mumatanho zhinji zvakaoma, zvose zvakatanga ari nani rima nguva ...

Imwe dzepamusorosoro vamiririri esimbi indasitiri ndiye chirimwa "Hammer uye rinopinza."

Matangiro Ayakaita

Muna 1883, imwe enterprising muzvinabhizimisi Goujon akavaka kambani diki, yakatsaurirwa kuMoscow steelmaking. Makore manomwe gare gare akatanga kushanda wokutanga rakazaruka-pachoto chamatare, kuti huni iyo panguva iyoyo vakashumira mafuta emotokari. Muna 1913, yakanga zvakanyunguduka anenge 90 zviuru matani simbi, iro rine yamavira nomwe dzakanga vachishanda panguva iyoyo. The fekitari kunyanya mubasa kusunungurwa hakusi yepamusoro simbi, rivets, screws uye waya zvakare.

mushure Revolution

Muna 1918 boka rakanga nationalized. Chirimwa, iyo kushanda akarasika vanokwanisa vashandi vose, akasimuka rinorema kwazvo nhaka. Zvichienzaniswa 1913, goho akawira pakarepo ne50 nguva. Muna 1921, pambiru mukuru kambani akagadzwa vaIri Burdachev, uyo pakupedzisira vakashanda sezvo mupfuri pachake. Zvikuru ngaavongwe kwaari, kurimwa kwazvo yakadzorerwa uye modernized.

Mugore iroro pakanga chirimwa "Hammer uye rinopinza." Pakazosvika 1925, akava mutungamiriri P. F. Stepanov, uyo kubudikidza 1928 achiri kuuya uwandu esimbi achibudiswa huwandu 1913. Pakazosvika 1931, fekitari yazova rimwe vaitungamirira emakambani pakati Association "Steels", iro rinoita nyika ine yepamusoro mbishi zvokuvakisa kugadzirwa.

wechiuto mutemo

Kubvira 1938, kurimwa akanga inotungamirwa G. M. them. Ndizvo nezita unyanzvi mutungamiri wakakodzera rakapinza kuwedzera uwandu simbi anobudiswa. Nechekare muna 1939 akanga paakavapa ari Order of Lenin, kuti mubairo-kuhwina mazakwatira emari uye kuzivikanwa makore iwayo.

Munguva yehondo, kurimwa haana kumira kweminiti. Pasinei nokuti vashandi wechaunga havana pasi kudare pamberi, kuti fekitari vachiri asara kurwa nechisimba mazana matarenda steelmakers uye metallurgists. Chirevo yose basa dzakawira pamafudzi vashandi vaduku navakadzi. Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva nemishumo makore iwayo, chirimwa "Hammer nembezo" vakaita basa rinokosha pakuita akundwe vavengi.

Asi wakapiwa vashandi vayo nesimba; zvakanga zvakachengetedzwa makore iwayo zvakawanda sei kune steelmakers nyore nehope vanoziya nenzara kumativi yamavira. Mumwe anogona chete kushamiswa ushingi hwavo: basa rakadaro nesimba kunetesa, kunyange varume vakasimba mumuviri, kutaura chinhu hafu-nenzara kuyaruka!

ari yepashure pehondo

Pasinei rinorema kuparadzwa hondo, pashure pehondo, kambani nokukurumidza kuwedzera mwero kugadzirwa, kutanga nzira itsva simbi pakati Stainless simbi. Saka, muna 1949 chirimwa akanga paakavapa chikwata kugamuchira State Award kuti Michina kushandiswa okisijeni kana simbi kuvanatsa mu yakavhurika-pachoto yamavira. Nokukurumidza, izvi rave richishandiswa nevakawanda kwete chete mudzimai mafekitari, asiwo mhiri kwemakungwa mafekitari.

Uyezve, gare gare gore yakafanana mubayiro ikapiwa steelmakers, vakakwanisa kuderedza nguva yakawandisa uri simbi simbi. A chinokosha yakawedzera kugadzirwa kunaka tsika yakanga yakasvika panguva inenge imwe nguva sezvo vira hwakatamisirwa kubva yamafuta gasi. Kubva 1945 kusvika 1971 nhamba zvine anokungurutsirwa kaviri.

New Michina simbi

Kubvira 1963, purogiramu shanduro vakatanga zvachose kugadzirwa magetsi. Saka, zviri electroslag utsotso technology (ESHL) akasikwa uye wakaperedzera makore iwayo. Nechekare muna 1978, zvipfuwo makombiyuta vakanga chakaunzwa kugadzirwa.

With mabasa ose aya, makore mashanu chete kubudisa yepamusoro Stainless simbi yakawedzera pakarepo ne 21%. Pasinei chokwadi kuti muna 1973 kuitwa hombe kugadzirisa chirimwa, simbi kugadzirwa haana kumira zuva chete. Chete rokupedzisira muEurope, yakavhurika-pachoto romoto yakamiswa muna 1976: mamwe simbi simbi mberi pane imwe zvikuru michina yemhando yepamusoro.

nguva yose inouya, kusvikira kuparara Soviet Union, nhamba anogadzirwa mbishi zvinhu anoramba inowedzera. Grew zvinodiwa zvokurima uye nehondo, zvizhinji akakura simbi zvinodiwa nokukurumidza buildup simba wengarava munyika dzakavakwa hydro uye simba renyukireya, riri pamusoro yokuvaka simbi zvaida akawanda.

Vazhinji zvinodiwa European kwenyika akapa zita Moscow chirimwa "Hammer uye rinopinza."

makore 90

Kufanana Makambani akawanda munyika, yakanga kwakaratidzwa zvakakomba kuchinja nyika upenyu. Kuwanda akarayira ehurumende akadonha kuti zero, anorwadza mamiriro aizova nyaya. Muna 1990, kudhinda rakapotsa akamira zvachose.

Kusvika 2000s, chirimwa "Hammer nembezo" akanga achiparidza nguva nenguva kusunungurwa chigadzirwa, izvo kazhinji vasina ukama huru Profile of vachida.

nguva itsva

Kana ari mangwanani 2000s kuburikidza chinenge kusiyiwa fekitari akatanga kudhonza Third Ring Road, paiva hwakawanda vaitaura pamusoro vaizotibata zvikuru kukura muzvirongwa. Senguva dzose, hwakawanda shumiro pakati pachavo zvasiyana, asi zvino akatadza kubvumirana nokuti.

Pakazosvika 2007, zvakanga zvisinei wakaitwa kuti chihombe kusiyiwa ndima "Hammer nembezo" fekitari ichashandiswa kuvaka mumwe Business Centre.

By December urongwa zvachinja zvishoma: zvakanzi akaronga kutungamirira kuvakwa kwete chete zvitoro, asiwo wezvokutengeserana uye dzinogarwa Real Estate. Hazvizivikanwi sei, asi harina avakirwa 2012 hapana hwaro. Independent zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti nyaya 52% rokutambudzikira chirimwa, muridzi nehurumende nharaunda, uye nekuti chivako dzinokubvumidza zvinowana zvakaitika zvisiri nyore.

budiriro tarisiro

In chii achava mundima ikozvino pamire chirimwa "Hammer nembezo"? Moscow anotenda kuti panguva iyi itsva dzebhizimisi ikaitika. Uyezve, zvinokwanisika kuvakwa varaidzo nzvimbo, mvura paki uye zvimwe zvivako munzanga.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti musi hapana runyerekupe kuti "Hammer nembezo" Metallurgical Plant, iyo inopa munguva ichangopfuura kare, zvinodiwa mamiriro ari simbi mukuru-sosaiti, zvinogona ritangezve. Zvisinei, vezvematongerwo enyika dzakawanda uye mapoka zvemhoteredzo vanoti anoruramiswa chose: guru uwandu ngozi choutsi mumhepo, uye kunyange pakati guta rinogara vanhu vakawanda, vagari utano hwakanaka pachena added.

Uyezve, nzira yakakodzera kubva nokutumwa hombe simbi chirimwa, rinova chinhu inokosha kukosha, kwete kure kumadokero miganhu, zvakare vari kupokana. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinobvumirana kuti zvaizova nani kuti muriise pamusoro munharaunda kweSiberia.

Other makambani

Apo mumwe ane "Hammer nembezo" fekitari? Saratov ane zita rakafanana kambani, rinova mubasa simbi kwakaita sesimbi. Kusiyana Moscow "navo" vake kambani Pari mubasa ravo basa profile. Yakabudiswa rokuvakazve yaro yose uye mazuvaano.

Chirimwa ane zita zvakafanana muna Kazan. Zvinonzi mubasa kugadzirwa mishonga nokuti injiniya indasitiri uye chiridzwa kugadzira.