Chii uye sei kuvaka hwaro amaoko avo columnar

The hwaro rinonzi kuti chikamu chacho, izvo rinotora yose mutoro zvivako uye transmits nayo pasi. Simba nheyo anoenderana kudzikama, simba uye mukurumari yose yeimba, saka zvakakosha kuti kusarudza zvakarurama mhando.

Imwe mhando nheyo iri columnar. mudziyo wake zvakakodzera kana raida nheyo yakadzika uye nezvimwe zvigadziko, akadai bhandi kana rakanyorwa, yakawandisa kuti ichi. Kazhinji, chengarava hwaro pasi chiedza suit, mumwe kana vaviri-storey zvivakwa zvakagadzirwa matanda kana chidhinha.

Rongai penheyo vamwe chinhu ake columnar kana, kunyange zvisiri nyore, asi zvikuru noitika, zvinofanira chete jairana mabikirwo kuvakwa.

Design Stolbovoye nheyo kuvakwa yoga, chokuita mbiru, pasi dzinokosha vamapoka kuvakwa - pasi makona mukomberedzo chacho, mharadzano masvingo, pasi piers uye dzimwe pfungwa huru kuramba zvinorema. Kazhinji, kuvaka nheyo hwake columnar maoko, daro pakati okunze kuita 1.2-3 m. Nokuti kuvakwa matanda ukapisa murwi strapping matanda, izvo, chaizvoizvo, uye masonry masvingo inotanga.

Kurera maoko hwaro columnar kungashandiswa chinangwa ichi zvinotevera zvinhu: marara kongiri, kongiri, marara-reraimu, dzinongoitika ibwe kana chidhinha. Kukura mbiru nheyo kunobva mukugadzira zvinhu, kukura uye kuvakwa mashoko kubva iyo ichavakwa.

Kubva shongwe kuvaka nheyo namaoko avo, iwe unofanira kuziva chaiwo kukura chivako chacho marongerwo mukati, iyo nzvimbo mutoro inobereka masvingo uye partitions. Chinhu chokutanga chaunofanira kuita pamusoro nzvimbo marongerwo, tepi iyi vari akayera kureba mumadziro, iri nechepakati vaipomerwa matanda Akarovera hoko fanira Kuongorora Tsanga yacho yaichekwa kudzivisa skewing uye nechokwadi kuti makona zvose kwakakura 90 °.

Uyezve, kuvaka shongwe hwaro nemaoko ake, unofanira sei kushanda chibooreso kuchera pasi mumwe kuposita gomba diki. udzamu Its kunoenderana kudzama ivhu kuoma nechando mudunhu. Somuenzaniso, kana mutengo uri 1 m, negomba udzamu dzinofanira 1,2 m, upamhi kumativi acho kunoenderana romukova chikamu. Mumwe rusesi vachera vanofanira kuchenesa masvingo, ivo panhivi mvura rukoko akarara, zvinokwanisika kushandisa kwakajairika denga remba uye nechepasi muzadze duku jecha mubhedha, izvo inokurudzirwa zvakanaka nekuumbanidzwa. Pakati pembiru ramangwana vamwe nembariro chisimbiso, izvo zvinofanira protrude pamusoro pasi pamberi kutarisirwa pakakwirira maatomu akafanana.

Danho iri nokudira wakagadzirira kongiri kupikidura pasi pamwero, ipapo kumativi mbiru imwe neimwe inofanira kuronga formwork. Zvinogona kuva matanda kana simbi, wakagadzirwa kana monolithic. Concrete vanofanira kutora matunhu mucherechedzo, uye panguva yakazvimirira gadziriro chesamende musanganiswa vaifanira nechokwadi kuti samende ane chiratidzo kwete asingasviki 400. Kana zvaaida, nheyo nemaoko avo rinogona chakavakwa columnar zvakabikwa zvidhinha simende dhaka, pamwe kwairayirwa ligation sutures.

Chinhu chikuru pakuvaka ichi mhando nheyo, zvakafanira kuomerera simbi mutemo: kureba mbariro anofanira yakatambarara calibrated, nokuti ichi unogona kushandisa mvura pamwero uye murau vabereke kwete bedzi pedyo bollards, asi pamusoro diagonal.

Zvinokwanisika, sezvo formwork zvechigarire, kushandisa asbestos pombi simende. Muchiitiko ichi zvinonzi akatasva pasi rusesi, nokungwarira calibrate hunyambiri uye rose kureba mbiru vakazadzwa kongiri, zvinonzi zvakanaka tamping.

Takagadzirira mbiru anofanira kusiya kuti apedzise solidification nekongiri haana isingasviki mwedzi, kufukidzwa sediments.

Pamberi kuvakwa anofanira dzemaitirwe chengarava nheyo. Iwe kuzviita angangotadza kuitika, sezvo nzira iyi zvikuru rakaoma uye kunoda imwe nyanzvi, zvarwo, inosanganisira zvinotevera nzendo: kuziva hunhu ivhu uye anokosha pamatafura kuwana kukosha kufadza bvumidzwa mutoro, ipapo masvomhu kurema zvose musha mazano uye kuziva nzvimbo maximal mutoro points. Zvadaro, mukuru uremu ukoshi rakakamurwa ari payload uye, somugumisiro, mutengo akawana hwaro rinobereka nharaunda. Kazhinji, nokuti chivimbiso, kuti zvakanga akawedzera mamwe 40% kunokosha. Asi ichi Zano Yokudzidza, kubva pakuita kukarukureta inorangarira yakawanda nheyo columnar giredhi kongiri, uwandu mavharuvhu uye dzimwe parameters zvakafanira. Chero zvazvingava, hazvina zvakakodzera kuita nheyo Masvomhu pachako, nokuti chinonyanya rakaoma chikamu chacho uye kukanganisa munyika Masvomhu ake angava dzinodhura zvakare.