Chii chinonzi operetta? Ndeipi operetta nziyo? operetta Theater

Bvumiranai, mubvunzo: "Chii operetta" kanenge kamwe muupenyu unovapo chero munhu, uye akawana mumwe mhinduro yake. Soaking uye isu inonakidza nyaya iyi.

Operetta - rinokosha Genre kuti chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo art. Inogona sokuva chiridzwa marongero kuti anosanganisa Vocal unyanzvi nenyanzvi dzavo yevedza nhaurirano uye kutamba zvidzidzo. At paro, ichi chinhu multi-faceted zvedzidzo basa, mutambo riri chiedza, tamba hunhu, asi dzimwe nguva rinomuvanza chibhende subtext kana kunyange mutambo.

The Nhoroondo Midzi operetta dzakatangira dzekare apo vatambi vari zvesimba ravo akaita mitambo paupenyu vamwari, akazviisa mukukudza maawa akawanda zvesimba, yakanga yatova kurondwa ari utachiona kubva operetta wokutanga. Rudo, kana njodzi nyaya yakanga isiri mumhanzi chete, asiwo hune pachinhu kutamba uye chaizvo Pfungwa.

A duku chishamiso - operetta

Sezvo yoga Genre kuti operetta yemitambo chokutanga akazviratidza XIX remakore muEurope: Vienna, Germany, France, England. Pashure tichivashanyira, unogona kuwana mhinduro nyore kuti mubvunzo: chii chinonzi chiridzwa mutambo nziyo? Ndipo ounyanzvi mhando iyi akaberekwa uye yambokurukurwa mberi.

Muvambi anoonekwa kuva operetta kubudikidza Jacques Washington. Uyu muenzaniso munyori French chiGerman mavambo, uyo akapedza akawanda hwake achishanda kujairika Genre. Nokuda basa rake zvinoshamisa Ndiwe chimiro kwave kuzivikanwa chaizvo nhamba dramatics Somuenzaniso, K. Stanislavsky. chido chake yemitambo yakatanga operetta pachayo. Mune dzimwe manyuko, kuvambwa baba zvenziyo Vocal yemitambo inonzi yeAustria wenziyo Franz von keitto. Zvechokwadi, chokwadi ichi chinogona kutorwa sezvo yakavimbika sezvo keitto akaita rakakura operetta. Nhasi, anenge kuita ose, akavonga zvakagadzirwa ayo waltz rinonzwika uye siyana kumiririrwa ndiko kunotonyanya nekunzwisisa, kudanana hunhu pane Comedy.

Operetta mu Europe

Nguva operetta French aizivikanwa rokusika maruva rakajeka unhu, sezvo Zhak Offenbah. Ivo duku yemitambo pamusoro Champs Elysees ( "Bouffes-Parisiens") yakavhurwa, izvo anoisa mabasa makuru akadai "Two Bofu", "Parisian Life", "Orpheus mu paSheori", "The Beautiful Helen" uye vamwe vakawanda. Operetta vaisiyana kuvimbisa anofara, witty uye capricious kumunetsawo. The yakanakisisa nguva Chirungu operetta Rinobatanidzwa zvakadai mukurumbira manhamba sezvo William Gilbert uye A. Sullivan. Zvibereko pamwe matarenda vanhu zvakakonzera kusikwa kutenderera savoy zvesimba. Pakati pavo vane enyambo dhanzi "Kutongwa ne vatongi", vakazvipira kusvika nyaya nokukuvadzwa chivimbiso chokuroorana. Mushure zvakateverwa kunyora mamwe 13 vadyi mabasa, vose vakabudirira zvikuru.

Kufarira ndiye ari Viennese dzenhoroondo operetta. Haugoni hanya inokosha mufananidzo akadai Iogann Shtraus (mwanakomana). Ndiyo zita romunhu uyu shasha, tarenda rake Musical yemitambo akabatanidza guta tsika Europe. Tiine Genre kuti operetta kunoshamisa munyori ndakasangana pagungano akura zera, uye zvinokwanisika kuti chokwadi ichi rakaita zvinokosha basa rokusika mabasa akazotevera ake. Tinofanirawo nezvezvichaitwa operetta "Die Fledermaus" kubasa akatorerwa mavhiki anenge 6. Izvi chigadzirwa tsanzira ichiri kunzi chimwe chezvishamiso zvikuru mabasa munyori. Unofanira kubvunza munhu mubvunzo: "Chii chiri operetta," uye shamwari wokutanga kuti kuuya mupfungwa - uyu Vienna, Johann Strauss mwanakomana uye basa chikuru pamusoro yeAustria muimbi "Die Fledermaus".

Operetta muRussia

Kana isu kutaura nyika yedu, kuti Genre kuti operetta refu nguva havana kuziva uye haana kunakidzwa kubudirira zvikuru nevateereri vedu. Vanhu vaifarira kurinda vaudeville, musicals uye dzakasiyana-siyana zvesimba. In yechipiri yezana XIX remakore, zvinhu zviri kuchinja muRussia dziri kutanga kuonekwa mapoka wokutanga kushanda Genre maduku dhanzi.

repertoire yavo yaiva mabasa nevanyori European, kunyanya French. Asi ivo pachavo pavaiita akadaro akakurumbira nezvinobvamo metres kubva Theater uye Music, sezvo Alexander Glazunov, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, M. Tairov. chiratidzo chacho ichi chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo Genre akasiya wekambani uye mutambi Vladimir Lentovsky. Akavhura dzemitambo huru vanoverengeka Russia, ayo akasvibirira uye ruzha zvesimba zviunganidzwe zviziviso. On mharidzo akatsvaka kuti vaviri vakakurumbira vemifananidzo, uye vanhuwo vaoni. Pamusana basa rake Genre pamusoro operetta wavo wokutanga matanho akaita zvakawanda matarenda vemifananidzo: Monakhov, K. vaGiriki, V. Shuvalov, A. Bryansk, I. Vavich nevamwe.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri operetta Genre kuRussia rinokundwa Soviet kumwedzi. havaoni Its kuonekwa Dunayevsky uye N. Strelnikov. Operetta iyi kumwedzi anotanga kuwana yayo nevamwe features, Chine tsika Viennese chikoro dzenhoroondo nomudzimu dzazvino. Shanduro dzinoturwa mune tamba, simba, chinosetsa uye dzimwe nguva bhendesera netsika. Asi mashoko ari nguva dzose hunoshamisa!

Zvakanga kuziva kuti operetta sechinhu Genre aripo chete Russia, asi munyika yedu pane zita rakadaro. KuMadokero, chiito ichi anonzi "enyambo dhanzi" kana, sezvo muGermany, "Singspiel".

Ngatitaurei pamusoro ...

Hatina muchidimbu akabata pamusoro mubvunzo: chii chinonzi operetta? Nziyo kunobatanidza zvakawanda, sezvo chero unyanzvi fomu. Ongorora uye dzidza mumwe nomumwe wavo anogona kuva magumo, asi isu achakurudzira zvitsvene-tsvene - the Operetta Theater.

In nyika yedu, yakakurumbira zvikuru chiitiko mumwe dhanzi duku muMoscow. Mabasa ose theatre imba ino anoramba chaiwo tsika mukupa zvokuridza nemabasa, uye panguva imwecheteyo kugamuchira ano nzira pakusika kwavo. Directors vanowanzotevedzera kusarudza zvakanaka zvinoratidzwa mutana, uye nokudaro unyanzvi kushandiswa kushanda pavari mutauro ano uye nzira itsva nerubatsiro zvinhu uye ichangobva kwesayenzi zvakagadzirwa pakupa chiedza uye ruzha. Nemhaka kupenya basa wekambani uye zvinoshamisa vachikanda ano Theater Moscow Operetta ane kutungamirira chinzvimbo muRussia uye iri anoremekedzwa mu Europe.

The Best pamusoro operetta

Zvichida yakanakisisa mabasa unogona nyore vanosanganisira avo vakarwira uye akaratidza pamusoro yakakurumbira nzendo munyika: Vienna, French, Russian. Pakati pavo vane operetta zvakadai zvinoshamisa se "chiremwaremwa" uye "yechiGypsy Baron" Ioganna Shtrausa Jr., mabasa akakurumbira Hungarian munyori Imre Kalman "Mr. X", "Silva," "Bayadera"; risingaenzaniswi operetta ne Jacques Washington "serocolitis" uye "The Beautiful Helen"; zvisikwa asingakanganwiki kuti Franz Lehar kuti "The Merry Chirikadzi," "yechiGypsy Rudo", mumwe ikapenya inoshandiswa pakutsigira Louis Barnes, "Fanfan-Tulip."

Izvi uye zvimwe mabasa kunoshamisa zvikuru Vanyori vanozivikanwa uye vanodiwa munyika dzakawanda. The vateereri nomufaro muchipa mhuri yose, nokuti Classics nguva dzose akabata mweya vamiririri kumarudzi akasiyana.

Muchidimbu, chinhu chikuru

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti operetta - a Genre kuti, sezvo kunonzwisiswa mabhuku mabasa, zvose zera nenzira dzakasiyana. Ndicho chimwe chinhu chokuverenga, akadai sokuti "Anna Karenina" mugiredhi wegumi, uye ndeimwewo - akura kamwe zvakare kusangana rangano. Zvichava kuonekwa zvakasiyana. Musical zvesimba maitiro nyaya chete.

Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika zimbabwe operetta kazhinji achirapwa Implementation senguva dzose kuitika dzimwe nziyo Genres: navarongo uye dombo dhanzi. kubatanidzwa nomumwe Iri theatre mirayiridzo maitire kwete chete nokuda nyika yedu asi kuti yose mimhanzi. Ndizvo zvakanaka kuzviziva resonates mumwoyo vanoda zvinoshamisa Genre pakati operetta.