Chii chinonzi gungwa shoma? Russia shoma makungwa (Donongodzo)

Marginal gungwa - mudhamu, achitaura yakaoma, asi unseparated kana zvishoma aparadzana munyanza zviwi. Kazhinji, izvi ndiwo mitumbi mvura dziri kudivi huru kana pasherefu. All modes gungwa, kusanganisira, okunze uye mvura uye sediments, kunokanganisa kwete chete gungwa, asiwo yakaoma. Kazhinji mvura havasi kusiyaniswa nokudzama uye akamutswa paburiro.

Waisanganisira shoma mumakungwa dzakadai Barents, Kara, East Siberian, nenyanza yeLaptev, uye vamwe. Ngatimboonai nechimwe izvi zvizere.

Sea Russia: Marginal

The Russian Federation ane nzvimbo zvakakwana guru, iro penzizi, madhamu uye makungwa.

Vakawanda vekare vomunyika yedu, vachikudza vacho vanonzi Nzizi vanobatanidzwa mubhuku nyika nenzvimbo kare.

RF 12 okumavirira makungwa. Vanopinda kweGungwa reCaspian, uyewo 3 munyanza.

mitumbi All rwemvura ehurumende inogona rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: Marginal.

Marginal makungwa (mazita kucharatidzwa pazasi) vari kunonyanya pamusoro nemiganhu reRussia. Vasuke kuchamhembe uye kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo nyika uye vakaparadzaniswa munyanza nokuda rezvitsuwa, zviwi uye chitsuwa arcs.

Domestic - dziri pamusoro munharaunda yacho, iyo ndezvaJehovha. Rinoreva imwe dhishi, vari kubva gungwa nechokure kukuru, apo chokuita navo dzamushore.

ReRussia shoma makungwa (Donongodzo):

• Pacific: Japan, Okhotsk uye Gungwa Bering.
• North Arctic Ocean. bheseni Its rinosanganisira nenyanza yeLaptev, ari Barents, Kara, East Siberian uye chukchi.

Barents gungwa

Pachirehwa kweArctic Ocean. On Mahombekombe ayo wokuRussia Federation uye Humambo Norway. Marginal gungwa nharaunda ine vanopfuura chiuru. ^Km2. udzamu wayo mamita 600. Nokuda simba dzenzvimbo kubva penyanza kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira dziva asingadi -oma.

Mukuwedzera, gungwa inoita basa rinokosha kuti hurumende, kunyanya mune zvokutengeserana, kuredza uye nezvimwe zvomugungwa.

Kara gungwa

Second shoma gungwa kweArctic Ocean - Kara. Riri zviwi shoma. It riri pasherefu. Kusimba zvichisiyana 50 kusvika mamita 100. Mune imwe nzvimbo, nhamba iri yawedzera kusvika 620 m. The nzvimbo dura kunopfuura zviuru 883. ^Km2.

In Gungwa Kara nokuyerera kupinda Ob uye Yenisei - maviri azere-parukova runoyerera. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, kuti salinity pamwero nayo dzinosiyana.

The dziva anozivikanwa dzamira ekunze. Pane Kashoma tembiricha hunopfuura 1 dhigirii, nguva dzose kujeka uye kazhinji pane yemadutu. Inenge nguva dzose dura riri pasi chando.

Laptev gungwa

Mienzaniso shoma makungwa ose North Arctic Ocean achava kukwana pasina nenyanza yeLaptev. It zvinokubatsirai zvikuru hurumende uye ane nhamba zvitsuwa zvakakwana.

The zita rinobva mazita nevatsvakurudzi maviri Russian (the Laptev hama).

Mamiriro ekunze vari zvikuru kwazvo. The tembiricha anodonhedza pasi razero inegumi. The salinity rwemvura iri shoma, fauna of uye kasvisto kuvhenekera kusiyana. Pamahombekombe musha vashoma vanhu. Ice ndewe gore rose, kunze August uye September.

On zvimwe zvitsuwa vachiri kuwana zvasara mammoths, izvo zvakanaka vakachengetedzwa.

East Sea Siberian

On gungwa pane Bay uye chiteshi chengarava. Nderake Yakutia. Nemhaka vamwe pakamanikana rinobatanidza kuGungwa chukchi uye nenyanza yeLaptev. Shoma kudzika 50 m, kunonyanyisa -. 155 M Salinity wakachengetwa kumativi 5 ppm, ichiwedzerwa kusvika 30 mune dzimwe nzvimbo hwokuchamhembe.

Gungwa muromo wacho Kolyma River uye Indigirka. Rine zvitsuwa huru dzakawanda.

Ice kuchengetwa zvachose. In nechepakati dziva, unogona kuona akakora makuru kuti vari pano kwemakore mashoma. Tembiricha yose gore kunosiyana-siyana pakati -1 ⁰ C 5 ⁰ C.

chukchi gungwa

Munguva ichangopfuura, imwe shoma gungwa kweArctic Ocean - the chukchi. Kazhinji ingangodaro kuchengeta madutu zvinoshamisa uye mafungu emvura. Ice kuuya pano kubva kumadokero uye kuchamhembe mumativi. Kumaodzanyemba gungwa isina mazizaya chete muzhizha. Nokuda okunze, kunyanya mhepo, simba, mafungu anogona kusimuka kuti mamita 7. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo chirimo tembiricha inokwira kusvika 10-12 ⁰ C.

Bering gungwa

Vamwe shoma makungwa ose Pacific Ocean, dzakadai Sea Bering, inoganhurana kwete bedzi Russian Federation, asiwo United States.

Nzvimbo dura - vanopfuura mamiriyoni 2 km ^{2 ..} The kunonyanyisa kudzika kwegungwa - 4 zviuru metres dziva iri North America uye Asian makondinendi kupunza ...

Gungwa iri kuchamhembe Pacific Ocean. South Coast fananei ive chinhu chakakombama. Chine wandei bays, capes nezvitsuwa. Recent kunyanya iri pedyo United States. On muganhu Russia ndiyo zvitsuwa 4 chete. Yukon uye Anadyr, nzizi pakukura munyika inoyerera muGungwa Bering.

Mhepo tembiricha iri 10 ⁰ C muzhizha uye -23 ⁰ C munguva yechando. Salinity akasungwa mukati 34 ppm.

Ice paanotanga kufukidza pemvura iri September. The pamangange kunoitika July. Saint Lawrence Bay ari kushanda akasununguka echando. Bering Strait vakawanda nguva zvizere akafukidzwa, muzhizha. Gungwa pacharo pasi muaizi asingapfuuri 10 months.

Kusunungurwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana kwakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva chikamu kudzika pasi, uye zasi-wokumavirira mapazi - yakadzika. Depth kashoma kupfuura 4 km. The pasi yakafukidzwa jecha, anoshongwa, madhaka kana mavhu.

Gungwa Okhotsk

Kubva Pacific Ocean Gungwa Okhotsk wakapatsanura Kamchatka, Hokkaido uye Kuril Islands. Washed neDare Russian Federation uye Japan. An nzvimbo 1500 km ^2, udzamu - .. 4 zviuru metres nemhaka yokuti raiiswa dura kumavirira, hazvina zvikuru kudzika. Kumabvazuva zviri mhango. Pano, kudzika anosvika yepamusoro.

Sea Ice ndakavanzira October kusvika June. South-kumabvazuva peculiarities ose okunze asingadi -oma.

Nemhenderekedzo haina kuenzana. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pane bays. Vazhinji vavo vari kumusoro-kumabvazuva nokumavirira.

Kubudirira fishery. Zviri musha Sarimoni, herring, safuroni cod, capelin uye nevamwe. Dzimwe nguva pane magakanje.

Gungwa nezvi- pakugadzira zvinhu, iyo pave nehurumende muna Sakhalin.

The Okhotsk dziva mainozonodira Cupid. Panewo akawanda zvikuru zvengarava Russian.

tembiricha Winter yemakomo kubva -1 kusvika ⁰ C 2 ⁰ C zhizha - kubva 10 ⁰ C kusvika 18 ⁰ C.

Kazhinji, chete pemvura mvura inotanga kudziya. Pamusangano kudzika 50 M ari rukoko kuti haagamuchiri chiedza chezuva. tembiricha Its haachinji mugore.

Kubva pano uyai Pacific mvura pa ⁰ kusvika 3 C. Near nemhenderekedzo, kazhinji gungwa kudziyirwa 15 ⁰ C.

Salinity of 33 ppm. In mumhenderekedzo yegungwa nzvimbo, nhamba iri vagovane.

gungwa Japan

Gungwa Japan ane okunze. Kusiyana kuchamhembe uye kumadokero, south uye kumabvazuva dura zvakakwana kudziya. Northern yechando tembiricha iri -20 kusvika ⁰ C, muna South panguva imwecheteyo akacherekedza +5 ⁰ C. Pamusana chirimo mhepo monsoon zvakakwana kudziya uye nyorovera. Kana kumabvazuva gungwa rematsutso kusvika +25 ⁰ C, kumadokero chete +15 ⁰ C.

In autumn, nhamba madutu kuti kunokonzerwa nemhepo yakasimba, richisvika yepamusoro. The soro Mafungu vanosvika 10 M dzawirwa kukwirira kwavo kunopfuura 12 m.

Gungwa Japan iri muzvikamu zvitatu. Vaviri panguva nenguva -oma, wechitatu - kwete. kupiswa zvinowanzoitika, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba uye wokumabvazuva. Salinity rinenge chinosvika pachiyero nyanza - 34 ppm.