Chii agglomeration tichitarisa upfumi

Financial matunhu uye kwesayenzi negadziriso yazvino ruzivo nyika kuchinja nokukurumidza zvokuti arambe mari kukosha shanduka avanoziva mashoko, zvirevo uye pfungwa hazvibviri. Somuenzaniso, chii agglomeration? Zvaizoratidza sokuti nyore zvikuru: nyika kana nharaunda iri rakakura maindasitiri muzinda, pakavakirwa kurimwa uye kubudiswa cheni, dzemo misika basa uye guta guru zvemari, kutsvakurudza uye kudzidzisa nzvimbo.

Zvisinei ... zvinhu zvakadaro ndizvo nokuda 30-70-ies, apo kuMudzidzisi waiva mubvunzo paumbwe maindasitiri agglomerations. Asi chokwadi shoko iri kuti kumusika akarega kuva chete maindasitiri. Mafekitari anopiwa zvachose ngoni mari zviridzwa - zvikwereti, deposits, nomukaka. Uye panzvimbo kwakajairika ruzivo anouya mashoko uye kudzora mashoko dziriko. Ikozvino kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro agglomeration chii, zviri kupfuura zvakaoma. Kunyanya kana isu kufunga administrative mumhuri chiitiko mazano chakagadzirwa agglomerations.

Russian kurudziro akasiyana Western European: pachinzvimbo kunyatsoshanda pakutanga zvoupfumi kuisa mberi asanyanya bureaucratic utariri. Cities nemisha, ukuwo, "kuda" inokosha maindasitiri centre, izvo anosarudza tarisiro upi "satellites" omurume. Under izvi ezvinhu, mashoko upfumi vasina kuratidza. Chinhu chikuru kwaiva kuvaka muenzaniso centripetal utariri ose zvinhu yakapiwa. Chokwadi, tisingatauri kuzvidzora kuti kungoti "akakungurutsa pamusoro".

Dictionary of Economics, rakabudiswa "Infra" muna 1999, anopa zvinotevera tsananguro: agglomeration - iri "chitsidzo urongwa, boka remaguta, dzakabatana kwete chete pane spatial mupfungwa, asi ane dzakabudirira maindasitiri, tsika, kutandara kubatana". Mune mamwe mazwi, kuchinja zvishoma, asi kunzwisisa Soviet rokuti richiri vasara.

Kuti tinzwisise zvinodzidziswa agglomeration, zvinokosha kunzwisisa sei kuronga firimu ano. Saka, kutanga - hapana kutwasuka, hierarchical ukama. Communication wakaenzana chete, chinjikira, yakavakirwa chamunofarira mose. Kana kufarira kwakadaro asipo, uye boka okuwana asingadi kushanda. Wechipiri - kurimwa kutenderera chinosanganisira matatu zvinoriumba: pokumuka pfungwa (itsva mhinduro) - Financial zviridzwa - ano mhinduro. Saka, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii agglomeration iri sangano kwekushanda ndege (kwete kugadzirwa mu "chekare" pfungwa), saka kuti imwe nzvimbo, uye nekukurumidza, akapa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mubhizimisi kuumba zvinobudirira chigadzirwa chitsva musika . Uye kupfuura zvose - hachizi itsva.

Munguva Russian akapoteredza, vachiti agglomeration kwakadaro, zvakakodzera kujekesa kuti zvakanaka zvakadaro, chinofanira kuva Inter-matunhu neminisiparati pamwe. Izvi imhaka kwete chete kune chokwadi kuti matunhu neminisiparati uye hurumende varidzi achiri kushora mabhizimisi akawanda. Nyaya pasina mari utariri zvokurimisa kuti paumbwe shamwari dzakadai agglomeration. Zvino zviripo uye kwesayenzi chawo pakupedzisira kana. Mumwe boka, kunyange chikuru - hazvisi chikonzero ibatane ... Tinoda Conceptual basa, sezvo chirongwa kwenharaunda Ruhr uye muna nesilicon Valley, ipapo tichava. Uye muchimiro ndarayira, sezvo tine rudo urwu, hazvishandi ....