Chemicals vana: zvinonakidza kuedza

Izvi zvakaoma, asi sayenzi anonakidza, kemisitiri, anowanzokonzeresa zvakavhenganiswa maitiro pakati vechikoro. Guys vari kuedza anonakidza, zvichiguma akatiwanira fuma rakajeka mavara kumira panze magasi kana kunayisa. Asi kunzwisisa mukana wokuti vanhu vanga kwemakemikari pezvakaitwa kunyora akafanana vashoma vavo.

Kukosha kunakidza ruzivo

Maererano ano yeUnited mitemo muzvikoro yechipiri akasuma pakutsvakurudza chirongwa. chinhu chirongwa sezvo mishonga yakadaro, uyewo haana rwakaonekwa.

Sezvo chikamu kudzidza kunzwisisa transformations nyaya uye kugadzirisa matambudziko anobatsira vechiduku kemisiti kudzidzira honing unyanzvi hwavo. Chaiva chinhu chinoshamisa panguva mudzidzisi pave vadzidzi ayo kufarira nyaya. Asi vanhuwo mukirasi mudzidzisi zvakaoma kuwana zvakakwana kupembedza nguva vasiri mureza kuedza uye mufambiro kuedza zviri kemisitiri vana chete kamwe.

Kugadzirisa izvi, zvakanzi yakagadzirwa zvikuru zvokuwedzera uye zvokuwedzera mapoka. Zviya, yakawanda nevakomana vari muropa kemisitiri makirasi 8-9, vanova vanachiremba mune ramangwana, vemishonga, masayendisiti, nekuti panguva muduku kemisiti mukirasi akadaro anowana mukana aite kuedza uye vafunga pamusoro pavo.

Chii makosi vane ukama yokuvaraidza kwemakemikari?

Mumazuva ekare, kuti kemisitiri vana rakanga kuwanika chete 8 fung inotakura. No mapoka chaiwo kana mamwe-curricular mabasa vana achitaura namakemikari haana dzichitaurwa. Kutaura zvazviri, kushanda nevana chipo mune kemisitiri kungoti ndisipo, izvo isakarurama vakafungisisa mafungiro vadzidzi kuti chirango. Vana vakatya uye kwete kunzwisisa kunzwisisa nemakemikari, zvikanganiso hwokunyora Ionic equations.

Maererano kuchinja hwemazuva dzidzo hurongwa yachinja. Zvino nemasangano edzidzo zvakaitika vana inopiwa rezasi mamakisi. Vakomana vanofara kuita basa vari kuti rinopa mudzidzisi, dzidza kuti vafunga.

Opsioneel mapoka chokuita kemisitiri, kubatsira vokusekondari kudzidza unyanzvi chokushanda Murabhoritari zvokushandisa, uye yakagadzirwa vadzidzi vaduku zvinosanganisira wakajeka kwemakemikari. Somuenzaniso, vana kudzidza ehupfumi mukaka, kusangana nevaya zvinhu izvo vakawana kwaro skisanii.

The kuedza chokuita mvura

Interesting kemesitiri vana zvichiratidza, kana nzira kuedza vanoona kujairika mugumisiro: dzidziso negasi, inopenya ruvara, kujairika aftertaste. imwe fuma kwakadaro, semvura, runoonekwa rakanakira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinonakidza kwemakemikari vadzidzi.

Somuenzaniso, kemisitiri vana 7 nemakore angatanga kuongorora ehupfumi ayo. Mudzidzisi anoudza vana kuti vazhinji redu chakafukidzwa nemvura. Mudzidzisi anoudza vadzidzi uye kuti visi kwake vanopfuura 90 muzana, uye ari munhu - vanenge 65-70%. Audza vadzidzi sei kukosha mvura ari munhu, unogona kupa zvimwe zvinonakidza kuedza. Zvinofanira akasimbisa "mashiripiti" mvura kuti zvinoshamisa vadzidzi.

Sezvineiwo, muchiitiko ichi, mumwe mutemo wekemisitiri vana hakudi zvimwe midziyo zvinodhura - zvinokwanisika kushomeka Kuwanikwa zvokushandisa uye zvinhu.

Experience "Ice tsono"

Heuno muenzaniso mano uye imwe nguva inonakidza kuedza nemvura. Chivako ichi chando zvivezwa - "tsono". zvinodiwa kuedza:

• mvura;
• munyu;
• Ice cubes.

Nguva - 2:00, saka musi zvisingatomboiti chidzidzo kuedza ichi asinganyimi. Chokutanga, tinofanira kuva fomu kudira chando mvura, nokuisa mukati furiza. Mushure maawa 1-2, pashure mvura kuva chando, kunakidza kemisitiri anogona kupfuurira. Zvichitambudzwa zvaida 40-50 rapera Ice cubes.

Pakutanga, vana vanofanira kuwedzerwa patafura 18 zvinogumbura muchimiro sikweya, achisiya nzvimbo iri pakati. Uyezve pre kwavo kumwaya zvakajairika munyu, rinoshandiswa zvinyoronyoro mumwe kupfurikidza gluing kudaro interconnected.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvose zvidhinha chokuita, uye iwe vanoguma aine "tsono" mukobvu uye refu echando. Kuti zvinyatsoshanda 2 spoon ose yavaibvisa chloride uye zvidimbu zvidiki 50 echando.

Zvichibvira, kuti tint mvura, kuti mavara chando zvivezwa. Somugumisiro ichi nyore kuedza kemisitiri kuvana 9 makore pachena uye zvinonakidza nesayenzi. Unogona kuedza kuburikidza gluing Ice cubes muchimiro chepiramidhi kana nedhaimani.

"Dutu" chiedzwa

bvunzo iyi haatarisiri chaiyo zvinhu, reagents uye zviridzwa. Ita izvozvo vana anogona kwemaminitsi 10-15. Nokuti mumatanda ari kuedza:

• läpinäkyvä epurasitiki Bhodhoro ane muvharo;
• mvura;
• zvinoreva yokushambidza ndiro;
• sequins.

Bottle inofanira kuzadzwa 2/3 pamwe pachena mvura. Zvadaro kuwedzera kwairi 1-2 anosiya washing sipo. Pashure 5-10 masekonzi kudira chirongo vaviri pinches ose sequins. Zvakasimba sikuruwa chivharo, hungaita guchu husisina kumira, vachibatirira mutsipa uye monyorora iri Kutenderera negwara. Zvadaro Anodzivisawo otarira zvichiguma vortex. Kusvikira nguva yakadai se "dutu" ari kushanda, unofanira Mupumburu chirongo 3-4 nguva.

Nei "dutu" iri senguva bhodhoro?

Pakuita mwana dzeraundi vortex inofamba kunoitika zvakafanana washington. The majana mvura yakapoteredza pakati imhaka Centrifugal simba. Mudzidzisi anoudza vana sei anotyisa dutu zvakasikwa.

chiitiko kwakadaro yakachengeteka zvachose, asi pashure makemikari vana zvechokwadi nakisisa nesayenzi. To kuedza yakanga yakawanda unoshamisa, zvinokwanisika kushandisa colorant, semuenzaniso, potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

Experiment "matema"

Unoda kuudza vana chii ane kunakidza kemisitiri? Zvirongwa vana hatibvumiri mudzidzisi kubhadhara mutero kuna zvidzidzo chiitiko, ichi Hazvingaiti nguva. Saka tichibata kuti hako.

Vadzidzi kuti zvokutanga mamakisi ari kuedza kuchaunza yakawanda pfungwa, uye zvinoita kwemaminitsi mashoma. Tichada:

• mvura-mvura Sipo;
• muchinu;
• mvura;
• dzakaonda waya.

Mudende, sanganisa chimwe chikamu chacho sipo ne zvikamu zvitanhatu mvura. Peta kuguma duku piece waya muchimiro rin'i, lowers ndokuita sipo musanganiswa uye zvinyoronyoro kubvisa chakuvhuvhu, uye Varidza sefuro yakanaka yokuzvigadzirira.

Nokuti kuedza ichi, chete yakakodzera waya, isina zvinhu zvenaironi rukoko. Zvikasadaro, furidza matema vana havagoni.

Vana yakanga kunakidza, unogona kuwedzera zvokudya coloring sipo mhinduro. Unogona kuronga makwikwi pakati vadzidzi sipo, ipapo kemisitiri vana richava vaitire chaiye. Saka mudzidzisi anotanga pfungwa vana vane zvinogadzirisa, solubility uye rinotsanangura sei chimiro matema.

Zvemafaro ruzivo, "Mvura Plant"

Chokutanga, mudzidzisi anotsanangura kukosha mvura masero ari zvipenyu. Zviri kuburikidza naye kuenda chokufambisa nezvinovaka muviri. Mudzidzisi rinotaura kuti pane nyaya kukwana yakawanda mvura mumuviri zvose zvipenyu kufa.

zvinodiwa kuedza:

• mweya rambi;
• sepombi;
• egirini;
• wokuisira nokuti bvunzo sepombi;
• mhangura sulfate (2);
• beaker.

kuedza ichi zvinoda maawa 1.5-2, asi somugumisiro namakemikari vana chinoratidza chishamiso, mashiripiti chiratidzo.

Green mashizha vakaiswa kumicheto richengetwe mu anaro. Mumurazvo mweya rambi 2-3 nguva vaifanira kudziyisa yose chubhu, uye ipapo zvoitwa chete chikamu umo egirini.

Glass igadzikwe kuti gaseous zvinhu yakabudiswa ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai, achawira mariri. Kamwe kudziyisa kwapera, kuti zvichiguma donhwe Urume mukombe, wedzera sejecha zvichena anhydrous mhangura sulfate. Zvishoma nezvishoma chena ruvara nokupera uye mhangura sulfate anova yebhuruu kana mutema.

Izvi zvinotisvitsa wakakwana rinofadza vana, nekuti makara zvinhu zvinochinja vachizviona. Mukupedzisira, Zvakaitika mudzidzisi anoudza vana pamusoro ehupfumi akadai hygroscopicity. Zviri nokuda kukwanisa kwayo tibatsirwe mvura mhute (mwando), chena mhangura sulfate, anochinja ruvara wayo rwebhuruu ruvara.

Experiment "taikasauva"

kuedza ichi zvakakodzera yokusuma zvidzidzo zvokuwedzera kosi mu kemisitiri. Pre kuti Sefa bepa kuita nyeredzi serin'i preform uye soka pawo phenolphthalein mhinduro (chakarurama).

Panguva kuedza vasiyana "taikasauva" nyeredzi pachayo kutanga achinyatsotaurira agadzirise zviri alkali (semuenzaniso, yavaibvisa hydroxide mhinduro). Vana ona sei mune masekonzi mashoma akanga achinja ruvara, uye rinowanika inopenya tsvuku ruvara. Uyezve, mavara chimiro anoiswa nenzira iine acid mhinduro (nokuti kuedza achava kushandisa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri pamusoro hydrochloric acid) uye magenta coloring nokupera - asiterisiki zvakare anova Hauoneki.

Kana bvunzo akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze nokuti vana, mukufamba kuedza mudzidzisi inoti "namakemikari rungano." Somuenzaniso, gamba iri nyaya aigona kuva kuziva shoma mbeva aida kuziva sei, munyika mashiripiti vari mavara akawanda kudaro yakajeka. mudzidzisi roukama pfungwa "chakarurama 'nokuti 8-9 graders uye manotsi, chii zviratidzi rinogona kurondedzerwa chinhu acidic ezvinhu, uye izvo zvinhu zvinodiwa kuti kuona alkaline kwezvakatipoteredza mhinduro.

Experience "Jin kubva Bhodhoro"

kuedza ichi chinoratidza mudzidzisi chaiyo, uchishandisa chaiyo fume krzywa Hood. Experience kwakavakirwa dzakananga ehupfumi kuti kuramba nitric acid. Kusiyana acids zhinji, yakaomerera nitric vanokwanisa kuwana makemikari maitiro pamwe simbi akarongwa mumutsara simbi basa pashure rehydrogen (kunze Platinum, goridhe).

The chubhu zvinodiwa kuriteurira uye kuwedzera chete chidimbu yemhangura waya. Pasi njukura chubhu iri pakutsamwisana uye vana tarisa chimiro pamwando "Ginger doro paguva rehama yavanoremekedza."

Nokuti zvidzidzo 8-9 mudzidzisi anonyora mukana wokuti vanhu vanga kwemakemikari maitiro allocates zviratidzo vadzore (kuchinja ruvara, panowanikwa negasi). Izvi hazvisi akakodzera muenzaniso kunze chikoro kwemakemikari cabinet. Maererano yakachengeteka mitemo, kunosanganisira kushandisa ari Hood, sezvo yegwara senitrogen oxide ( "black gasi") vanomiririra ngozi vana.

Pets kuedza

Kuti chekuverenga vachifarira vadzidzi kemisitiri, zvinokwanisika kuti ape musha chiedzwa. Somuenzaniso, kuita kuedza richikura crystals yomunyu.

Mwana anofanira kugadzirira zvine mhinduro kubva yavaibvisa chloride. Zvadaro, akachiisa nhete bukira, uye evaporating runenge mvura kubva mhinduro iri bazi achava "kukura" crystals yomunyu.

Upfu mhinduro haigoni kuzununguswa kana zvayaitenderera paguyo. Apo 2 weeks kukura crystals, rutanda anofanira vanyatsohuongorora kubviswa mumushonga uye chakaoma. Zvino kana kutsvakwa, chigadzirwa vangava zvemapuranga, pamwe varnish.

mhedziso

Munguva chikoro zvidzidzo pane kunakidza nyaya pane kemisitiri. Asi kuitira kuti vana havana kutya ichi sayenzi yakaoma, mudzidzisi anofanira kupiwa basa yakakwana nguva kunakidza ruzivo uye kujairika kuedza.

Zvinokosha unyanzvi hunoshanda, izvo yakaumbwa mukufamba basa iri, uye zvichatibatsira kuti vanyanye kufarira nyaya. Uye dzakaderera mamakisi vanoonekwa kunakidza ruzivo nokuti GEF sezvo yakazvimirira kugadzira uye tsvakurudzo.