Catfish bani: unhu uye kupatsanura

Chanasma munhuwo (European, River) - pakukura Freshwater hove asina pachiyero. chikara ichi kuti anogara nzizi makungwa, ndicho chikamu chikuru Freshwater hove, akafanana pakukura aine beluga. Zvisinei, chinhu hove dzinotama zvinopinda nzizi kuti zviri kukonzera.

kupatsanura:

• Kirasi - Pisces (Pisces).
• Family - Siluroidea (Gen.).
• Yokuzviparadzanisa - Siluriformes (Somoobraznye).
• View - Esox naRusiyasi (Catfish).
• Rod - Siluridae (Zvavo Catfish).

waridza

Catfish nevakawanda makungwa uye nzizi Europe, kunze Italy, Norway, Scotland, Spain uye England. Nhengo mhando inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba Sweden uye Finland. Nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba Catfish munotinyima yegungwa zveAegean neGungwa Black, muAsia izvozvo ichikutadzisa muGungwa Aral. Catfish munhuwo, mapikicha izvo unogona kuona pazasi, anogara munzizi kuyerera kupinda reBaltic, reCaspian uye Sea Black.

European Catfish - hove ndakagara. Anenge zvose ake anopedza mugomba chete upenyu, kashoma asiya dzichitsvaka zvokudya. Chete panguva zviri kukonzera mwaka muchirimo, Catfish akasiya musha wake uye kunoita nechokumusoro kwerwizi, kupinda floodplain madhamu uye floodplains kuti zviri kukonzera.

Catfish munhuwo zvachose havagoni vamire madhaka mvura. Nokuti chikonzero yakadaro hove idzi dziri pamusoro pamuromo mutero panguva mafashamo - kunotsvaka mvura yakachena. Nechikonzero chimwe chete, mafashamo, kazhinji anoda kuva floodplain madhamu kana murwizi floodplain.

Catfish rwakafanana: mamiriro

hove ichi kunoratidzwa kujairika kwokunze mashoko. Kunenge kuti munhu aizomudana akanaka anoshamisa pakati pemvura navagere. Huge musoro uremu iri ¼ zvachose kurema hove, muromo guru rinokwana meno unopinza asi duku zhinji, nameso disproportionately duku pedyo seri musoro. Hangaiwa asi refu ndebvu iri yokumusoro muromo uye chirebvu - mamwe maviri yegwara barbels duku. Pano ndizvo zvake Catfish. Kuwanika chikara ichi hachisi chinonyanya kukwezva.

The muviri pamberi rwakapoteredza compressed zvakasimba panguva shure uye laterally. It zvakanaka kupinda muswe zenze. The dorsal zenze iri pfupi, yaiva zvikuru pedyo musoro. Mumagaro, yakareba muswe zenze chokuita. Pakutanga, zvinoita sokunge chihombe hove musoro zvakanaka kupinda muswe.

ruvara

Catfish munhuwo, iro Kuziviswa rinowanzova kuwanikwa mumabhuku kuti anglers, uye ruvara iri nani mwero: dema musana, dumbu chena ine yellowish tinge. Scales pamusoro muviri zvachose vasipo. Zvinonzi dzine yakafukidzwa madzihwa, izvo inodzivirira ganda tupukanana Catfish.

Ukuru Catfish

Pakutanga ino isu kutaurwa kuti aingovawo Catfish - hove yakakura, asi vazhinji vaverengi vedu uye havazivi kuti zvikuru. Kazhinji, muviri kureba mamita anosvika mana, uye uremu - zana namakumi masere makirogiramu. Uye ichi hachisi muganhu. Pane zviitiko zvakawanda hombe. Soma nokukurumidza kurai wokutanga mashanu kana matanhatu nemakore. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kukura kwavo DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA, uye makore masere ari hove yairema namanomwe kilos.

Makopi kuva kunonyanyisa uremu, muri apo neapo. Somuenzaniso, negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore, wagadzirirwa hofori mamita anopfuura matatu pakureba uye achirema 220 makirogiramu. Muna 1856, musi Dnieper akanga akabatwa Catfish munhuwo achirema makirogiramu anenge 400 uye kureba anenge mashanu mamita.

Pari, kakawanda zviitiko asisiri pane 1.6 metres. For anglers ano mufaro mukuru uye kubudirira kukuru anoonekwa mukana kubata hove urefu nehafu metres uye achirema kilos anopfuura makumi maviri. The kunonyanyisa kurema zvipenyu ichi chakanyorwa nguva yedu - urefu 2,78 metres uye anoyera 144 makirogiramu.

Mararamiro

Catfish munhuwo - anozivikanwa homebody: hazvishandi tama kubva ayo dzose dzinogarisana. Aimutevera, ave mutemo, vari zviri kukonzera uye kudyisa chikonzero. hove idzi vanosarudza munhu woga upenyu muzvikoro guru vari kuenda muchando. Ivo inoiswa Nomumakomba akadzika uye kurega kudyisa kusvikira yechirimo.

Catfish munhuwo - chikara muhombe demersal mararamiro. Most hwomutambarakede anofunga iri rakanyarara zvikamu dura. Iye anoda gomba, driftwood, mumapako.

Kuvhima Catfish munhuwo vakavandira. Zvaakanga zvakavigwa panzvimbo yatisingaonekwi, iye anoita kumhanyira uye abate mhuka dzavo. In kudzika mvura, apo unogona kuona kufambira mberi hove duku, kazhinji anovhima makwai soms. Ivo zvinozadzisa kundorwa ano, muromo wakavhurika uye kumedza zvipfuwo hove duku. Chanasma munhuwo masikati kuti vazorore mugomba kana mubako, uye kuvhima panze chete usiku kana mumadekwana. Kubayira kumubatsira kuwana ndebvu dzake uye anenge ganda.

Muna October-November Catfish rinomira vachidya iri Makomba pamberi vakasara hove, paakanga anoviga musoro wake mumadhaka. Sezvo panguva ino Catfish regai kuipa chero ngozi vamwe vagari pemvura, vari zvakafanana gomba yechando aenderane dzimwe hove huru, kazhinji kabhu.

chikafu

Sebhanditiwo Catfish - chikara, zviri zvikuru zvakasikwa kuti hwaro ake zvinodyiwa hove, pamwe hukuru zvose uye mhando. vanhu Large achirema makirogiramu anopfuura 30, - Pane yainetsa chaizvo uye unwieldy. Kazhinji hove duku, izvo achikwevewa mumuromo nemvura. dzimwe nguva, akavanda yatisingaonekwi pakona kunyengera zvakawanda guru hove ndebvu kuti kufanana pasi pemvura nehonye.

specimens Large abate zvose zvipenyu kuti kushambira mumvura: mvura shiri dzavo kako, mhuka duku.

Mukuwedzera, Catfish vari zvokudya:

• kenza;
• zvikwevaropa;
• River clams;
• Nightcrawlers;
• matatya.

kubereka

Kufanana vakawanda hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya, Catfish munhuwo inokura nokukurumidza uye anova unzenza vakura mugore rechina upenyu. Kugona bereka ichi marudzi Madzimabo zvinoitika kana hove zvasvika munhu pakukura vanenge 60 masendimita uye huremu 3 makirogiramu. parameters ava yo Catfish shanu. Zvichienderana nharaunda umo anogara zvake Catfish, kubereka (zviri kukonzera) anogona kutora nzvimbo muzhizha kana yechirimo.

Nokuti izvi kunoda mvura tembiricha +17 ... + 20 ° C. Under akanaka ezvinhu, European Catfish vanhukadzi mazai avo migove miviri - kusvika mazai zviuru 30. The kwakanyanya uye yakakura nehadzi, yakawanda mazai iye anoronga. Kukura mazai - hapana millimeters kupfuura vatatu.

Kugadzirira kuita kuti pave, hadzi rinopedza pasi dziva kana rwizi Jack. Kazhinji, ndiko kudzika woita gomba, akafukidza mvura miti. Zvinonzi iri mumvura isina kudzika, masendimita anopfuura makumi manomwe kubva pemvura.
Caviar makuru uye kunama, saka zviri pakarepo glued kumasvingo uye pasi dendere.

Mazai kuva nokukurumidza - mazuva 3-10. Mazana kubva mazai anobudiswa pakutanga. Zvadaro kunyura riye, uye chiedza ikaonekwa furaya, kwete kupfuura 15 mm pakureba. nguva yose iyi mukono anochengeta dendere. Young kukura iri kuwedzera nokukurumidza, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba nzizi. Mugore upenyu wokutanga furaya vachikura 40 masendimita uye ari kuwedzera anenge 500 magiramu. Zvisinei, pane vakawanda vanotanga kufa vanhu vari vaduku. Kusvikira rimwe gore mupenyu kunze 5 chete% mhuka duku zvipenyu iyi Catfish.

Life pashure zviri kukonzera

Pashure ruminant Catfish shure nzvimbo yavo - zvakadzama maburi. The kuwana uye zvakadzama gomba, zvikuru nayo matumba uye snags, makuru uye dzakawanda zvikuru kurarama kwake soma. Panyaya iyi, runyararo uye Kuwanikwa dzinochengeterwa muzvinhu hove tunogara kupfuura kudzika dura. Young specimens, rairema makirogiramu asingasviki 15, kushambira ari kudzika mamita matatu, yemanyorero panguva madhamu, pasi overhanging mabhanga kana podmytuyu pasi midzi yemiti.

Catfish rwakafanana: upenyu anotarisirwa

hove Izvi runobva kuna centenarians. Masayendisiti vanoti vanogona kurarama kwemakore makumi mashanu. Asi kune vakadaro akwegura chinopukunyuka, kwete ose munhuwo Catfish. How hove idzi vanogara musango? Life anotarisirwa iri (pasi akanaka ezvinhu) makore matatu kana makumi matatu nemashanu.

uchibata Catfish

Iri rinonakidza chaizvo muitiro kuti anglers nyanzvi uye amateurs zvakafanana. Nguva yakanakisisa abate hove idzi chirimo. dzichiruma Good zvinoitika wakadzikama inodziya ekunze ranyura uye zuva risati rabuda. Soma zvokudya nguva dzose, asi kwete makaro chete. Mambakwedza, zuva risati rabuda uye usiku Catfish vari kuruma zvakanaka kushingaira. Uye kana drizzles zvishoma mvura, hove zvinogoneka yose zuva.

Anokurukura nani kwete kukanda pamusoro gomba, uye nzira usiku kuvhima Catfish. Kazhinji ndiwo saizvozvo. Nzvimbo yakanakisisa ndiyo mabhanzi, izvo zviri kunyanya kupfuma mhenyu ndyiro pamusoro pavo, izvo zvinogona hove mumwe kupfuura kwenguva refu kugwinya. Excellent kamwene, maererano vehove, ndiye muramba, Catfish asi dzimwe nguva Unokanganisa, nekuti hove dziri strung pamusoro miromo yake.

Inowanzoshandiswa ndyiro hove huru, kunyange zvazvo izvi haisi zvachose kwakarurama. Offal hove uye shiri, zvikwevaropa, yakagochwa yehuku, bimvu nyama Catfish havafariri. Asi munhuwi uchipfuta bvudzi kana minhenga kuti hove ichi anokwezva kwazvo. Nokuti ndyiro ungashandisa crayfish ivo Molt, kana goko kwazvo nyoro.

Zvichida kufarira vaitire Catfish chinhu datya. At ichi aanoda kwake kunobva nzira inonakidza Kubata - klochene. Nokuti Catfish achishandisa Donkey, vachikanda hwambo munzvimbo yekuita panzvimbo kudya hove.

Shamhu inofanira akasungirirwa padanda nomuzvanza pasi kana mapazi simba sezvo nokuruma chetyrehkilogrammovyh zviitiko kunyange unopinza chaizvo uye mumasekonzi tsvimbo zvinotora kure. anglers ruzivo vanoti nokuruma kunogona kuva kwakasimba kuti tsvimbo (bvunzo 190 g) 1.9 mutinhimira refu, kufanana chitubu, nhunzi mudenga uye monofilament hutsva (0.3) angokandwa kubvaruka.

upfumi kukosha

Catfish hove vanowanzochema maonero. Its ukoshi nhema kwete chete norudo uye mafuta zvikafu: kubva kuna dzinoshambira dundira rehove kuwana guruu kukuru, asi kare kushambidzwa ganda Catfish rakashandiswa se "girazi" mahwindo. Mune thirties remakore rapfuura nayo anobata dzimwe mvura yaisvika matani mamiriyoni 4.2, asi ivo vava nhasi yekudyidzana.

akadzivirira chinzvimbo

Zvinosuruvarisa nokuda kusingadzorwi hove, kusanganisira poaching, kunenge kwose kwose uwandu zvavo Catfish kunoderedza. In reservoirs dzakawanda, kwaakanga vaigara yakawanda, Catfish akava isingawanzowanikwi mueni. Nezvenyaya iyi, munzvimbo dzakawanda zvinonzi kudzivirirwa. At kumicheto kuwanda Catfish kunyanya zvisingawanzoitiki, somuenzaniso, muna Republic of yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia muna 1995 akanga akanyorwa muna Red Book sezvo panjodzi isingawanzowanikwi mhuka.