Buddha - ndiani ichi? Gautama Buddha

Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, nyika yedu iri unoponesa kufarira chitendero. Vanhu kuedza kunzwisisa zvinoreva upenyu uye kuwana mhinduro dzemibvunzo sei kuzadzisa kuwirirana uye kubvisa kutambura, akatendeuka pfungwa dzavo kwete chete musi chiKristu sezvo huru chinyakare nokutenda nyika yedu, asiwo kune vakachenjera vekare chokwadi East. Mumwe chitendero akadaro chiBuddha.

Dzidziso pfungwa

ChiBhudha somunhu dzidziso yetsika, chitendero, uzivi , uye tsika nemagariro akaberekwa muzana remakore rechitanhatu BC kuchamhembe kwakadziva yekare Indian budiriro. ChiBhudha akazova mumwe zvitendero zvenyika matatu, pamwe chete nechiKristu uye Islam, uye ndiye mukuru wavo.

ChiKristu vamutevera kwemazana emakore anopfuura mashanu, uye Islam - gumi. ChiBhudha kunozivikanwa siyana vanhu nyika uye ndiye chitendero chikuru kunyika vokuMabvazuva zhinji: China, India, Nepal, Japan, Thailand, Korea, Mongolia nevamwe. In nyika yedu, vateveri vayo ndivo vanhu Kalmykia, Buryatia uye vokuTuva. Vateveri More uye zvakawanda zviri kudzidzisa ichi muna West, achikwezva kwete chete nokuda kwayo zvekumwe, asiwo zvinoita kukura matarenda zhinji yakavanzwa kuti mumwe munhu ane.

ChiBhudha kunotsanangurwa kwete chete sechitendero asi uyewo dzidziso ouzivi chisinga- uye kusunungurwa pfungwa, aizojekesa chokwadi. Rakavakwa Shakyamuni Buddha, uyo anozivikanwa vose sezvo Indian muchinda Siddhartha Gautama.

kujairika Prince

In yava Nepal ane guta wekare Lumbini, iyo BC aiva mumwe Indian enyika. Anofungidzirwa muna 563 BC, zvakanga pano kuti akazvarwa mumhuri youmambo Prince Gautama, uyo akagara nhaka chigaro aifanira kuenda-Raja yababa. Asi pasinei nokuti Prince hakuna nzira inodiwa uye muumbozha, nguva dzose ainzwa imwe kusagutsikana chomukati avo ezvinhu. Ari zvinomudzora muzviroto kujeka uye zuva-zviroto, ndaikwanisa kugara kwemaawa mumumvuri yemiti, vachifunga nezvezvinoreva upenyu. Kana achinyatsotaurira pakadzika kufungisisa vaimushanyira nguva anoshamisa vavhenekerwe chavanoziva.

Raju aiva yambira hunhu mwanakomana, uye akanga achiedza kumudzivirira kubva ruzivo kwevanhu uye mirayiridzo dzechitendero. Asi kunyange panguva kuberekwa Muchinda mumwe predictors akaprofita kuti Gautama inofanira kuva mutongi mukuru kana musande. Pasinei nezvakanakisisa zvingaedzwa baba vake, zvainanga kuedza mwanakomana wamambo, muchinda rakagadzirirwa yechipiri nzira - aizojekesa chokwadi. Uye yava kuzivikanwa imwe nyaya, kwakaitika pamwe Gautam famba.

chokwadi choupenyu

Maererano nengano, muchinda aida kuziva zvakawanda pamusoro upenyu vanhuwo zvavo, uye akaenda kunze mumuzinda. Ikoko vakasangana nomumwe nomumwe vanorwara munhu, munhu vapera basa mutana, nomudungwe wemariro uye tarira munamati. Kubva kukurukura muranda, uye akasangana vanhu, akaziva kuti chirwere, kuchembera, kutambura uye rufu hakudzivisiki, uye vanhu akazvigamuchira. Gautama akaziva kuti munhu haagoni kudzora zvinozoitika muupenyu hwavo, zvokuti kunyange vapfumi mafaro dzikava guruva, uye upenyu hahuna zvahunoreva. Kubvira panguva ino yave akarasika zvachose rwune uduku hwake uye kuyaruka, uye upenyu chimiro ichi yava zvisingagamuchiriki naye. Kukunda kusemeswa zvose pasi pose, akasarudza kusiya nhaka, mhuri, pfuma, uye kumba, mumwe mumongi, kutsaurira upenyu hwake kuna kudzidza sei kubvisa kutambura uye kuikunda.

The nzira kuti nehope

Mumakore 29, iyo zvino vaimbova Prince akatanga kudzidza zvose yaizivikanwa panguva iyoyo kuMabvazuva uzivi yogic nokufungisisa tsika, kuva mudzidzi Yogi zvevapi vamazano. Akakwanisa kuita yakakwirira azvipire pfungwa, asi akanga asina kugutsikana ichi, nokuti vakatambudza nyaya uye matambudziko eupenyu kutambura uye havana kubvumirwa.

Naizvozvo, akasarudza kusiya zvevapi vamazano ake uye regera mumasango kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva India nenzira zvikuru kuzvidzora kurwadziswa. Kuva munamati uye nokutora wakaoma hwokuzvinyima upenyu, makore matanhatu gare gare, akaona kuti nzira dzakadaro vane kunetesa muviri uye cloud pfungwa, pane pedyo chokwadi kusunungurwa kutambura.

Ipapo Gautama pfungwa kufungisisa zvakadzama uye kugara mairi, kuziva kuti unofanira kudzivisa kunyanyisa uye kwete kuita Nemusi kurwadziswa kana kunyanyisa zvishuvo pachako uye kutora nzira pakati. Vakagara pasi pomuti jambu, izvo akazozivikanwa sezvo ari Bodhi muti, akapa shoko rake, hazvina havazomukizve ubude kufungisisa, asi haruuyi chokwadi.

chisinga-

Rimwe May usiku nenzira rejenaguru Gautama, kufunga pamusoro mangwanani nyeredzi, kuenzana zvizere kunzwisisa. Panguva yakadururwa, pakupedzisira, chokwadi vakauya kwaari iine runako rwayo zvose, iye asvika kwerumutsiriro uye kusunungurwa mupfungwa dzake. Vaimbove Prince Gautama akava Buddha. "Buddha" - iri "kupepuka," "zvachose vakambovhenekerwa".

Panguva Gautama chiedza kwete chete akaona zvakajeka zvinoshamisa hwake hwose upenyu, asi akanzwa nokudenga kubatana kwevanhu vose vane asingaoneki nyika. The muchadenga akazviratidza pamberi pameso ake, musimba rake uye kusaverengeka. Zororo asiko. Zvose hwabviswa mune isingazivikanwi kure. Zvinhu zvose zviri munyika zvakabatana, uye mumwe zvinoitika. venyama All vaparadzwa uye patsva zvakare. Nyota yokuva uye upenyu zvinokunetsa rugare mu mweya wake uye anomufambisa munzira kutambura - zvino nezvechinhu ichi. Gautama Buddha zvino aiziva zvaakanga vaifanira kutamburira kuwana runyararo uye kubvisa ichi inotyisa chokwadi uye nyika kukwana yakazara kutambura, anobvarura, kusuruvara uye marwadzo.

Chitarisiko uye kuberekwa dzidziso

Kuona zvinhu zvose muchiedza charo chechokwadi, uye vakabuda murima nokusaziva, Gautam akapedza kutsvaka chokwadi uye kusvika kuchinja pakunamata. Akashandura uye akawana uchenjeri hukuru uye tsitsi zvose zvipenyu zvose. Gare gare, achidzidzisa vadzidzi vake, akataura kuti tsitsi - runodiwa quality, izvo zvinofanira kunge akamutsa wechokwadi - Buddha. pfuma iyi inogona chete kunzwisisa avhenekerwa pfungwa, zviri zvishoma mweya iripo, achidzungaira murima.

Change nechomukati, Buddha akaziva kuti basa rake kuti kwete chete tifadzwe kuvhenekerwa wake, asiwo kuti vanhu kuzarura chokwadi kwavo kukuru. Ichi chaiva chikonzero chikuru kuti kusikwa dzidziso dzake. It inobva okuti upenyu - ari kutambura. The Buddha akataura huru zvikonzero kusakwana ichi. Akataura kuti kusunungurwa zvose kutambura zvakakodzera kuti tijekerwe uye akamuka kuziva. Way zvakakodzera kuti upliftment zvokunamata uye kusunungurwa kutambura - nzira Nirvana. Nirvana - soro mamiriro yoruvhenekero hwemafaro, iro akakwanisa kusvika Buddha. Anoti izvi, inowanika chipenyu chose, uye munhu wose anofanira kuedza chakadaro kusunungurwa. Saka, aimbova muchinda akanga asika dzidziso ina anokudzwa chokwadi uye eightfold nzira kuzadzisa yepamusoro rinoti pane zvaiitika.

muvhangeri

Vazhinji vasingazivi vanhu vanofunga kuti Buddha - Mwari. Asi iye wakaramba, achiti ndiyo chete chipangamazano vaya vanosarudza kuenda kusvika tijekerwe uye nehope. Gautama asati pachake aifanira kusarudza kana vachanakidzwa rake kusunungurwa kana kupa ruzivo rwavo kune vamwe. "Tsitsi - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha unhu", - akadaro Buddha. Iri raiva mutsindo chakaita kuti kutungamirira upenyu yemberi muparidzi vaifamba. Akatora basa rake - kuunza vanhu dzidziso unokunda kutambura.

Mumakore 45, wokutanga Indian anomutswa Buddha akafamba vakapoteredza nyika, tama kwavo ruzivo kupfuura vanhu mumakirasi siyana uye vemapoka. Aidzidzisa wose, kusvikira vateveri zvimwe zvitendero uye uzivi. Kuti tichengetedze dzidziso Buddha nevateveri vake akasika munhu nzanga yemamongi, izvo vakabatana zviuru vaitendeuka.

Kwemazana emakore akawanda, dzidziso Gautama haana kurasa kushanda kwayo. Uyewo aripo munyika kutambura, urwere, urombo, rufu uye nemisodzi. Uyewo, vanhu vari kutsvaka nzira kusunungurwa vasingafari uye nenhamo uye kuwana kunyaradzwa parutendo. Vazhinji vari kutendeukira kuna chiBhudha sechitendero, zvigunwe nzira nokuchinja upenyu. Uye vose kuvimbisa kuti zivo rinoti pakati pfungwa kuti vanokwanisa kunzwisisa Buddha. In uzivi, ichi ndicho chinangwa kunzwisisa zvakavanzika zvinoreva upenyu uye Kuziviswa mibvunzo inokosha youpenyu chokupedzisira.