Bromo inoputika muIndonesia: Mufananidzo uye tsanangudzo

Indonesia inotaridzika uye yakasikwa uye zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvave zvichikoshesa vatashanyi. Nyika inonakidza yakaisvonaka, iyo inosanganisira zvinopfuura 13 zviuru zvezviwi zvechivako chinotangira, yakave yakava muyero weexotics. Pano iwe unogona kufara maonero edzimusoro temberi, unofara pajecha regoridhe, enda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinofadza, uzive tsika yepakutanga yevanhu vomunharaunda. Indonesia ndiyo nzvimbo inonakidza iyo mazororo ehove akabatanidzwa nekushanda, izvo zvinokosheswa nevashanyi.

Mhirizhonga yeIndonesia

Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzedenga dzakawanda dzenyika dziri munzvimbo yezvitadzo zve tectonic, saka kune dzakawanda zvezviputi muhope yehope. Vanova magnetti ane simba kune wese anonyatsoziva nzvimbo dzenyika, azere nemirazi yakajeka.

Mhirizhonga iri pakati pezvitsva zvinonakidza zveIndonesia, uye kufamba mavaraira pavari kunonyanya kufarirwa. Vatashanyi vakawanda vari kufamba rwendo rurefu kurota kwekutarisa pasi chairo.

National Park muJava

Kumabvazuva kwechishanu chitsuwa chikuru chenyika ndechimwe chezvikepe zvakakurumbira zvikuru munyika, zvichikwevera vashanyi nekunaka kunoparadza. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakasimba uye zvinoparadza zvisikwa zvezvisikwa zvinogona kuparadza maguta ese, zvinokudza hukuru hwakakura.

Paki yebazi ye Java yeBaco-Tengger-Semeru inonzi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura dzose. Icho chikamu chemakomo akawanda, iyo yakazaruka panguva ipi zvayo yegore, asi inofanira kuonekwa kuti munguva yemvura (November-March) nekuda kwekunaya, haugoni kusvika pano.

Mamiriro emamiriro ekunze emupaki ari kure nehotera: avhareji yekupisa zuva nezuva haapfuuri madigiri makumi maviri, uye usiku inodonha kusvika zero.

Iyo mhirizhonga inonyanyozivikanwa muIndonesia

Iko pano apo gomo rinozivikanwa reBromo riripo, vashanyi vanobva kumativi ose enyika vanouya kuzoritarisa. Iyo yakakurumbira pamusana pekuwana nyore nyore kugona uye basa rinogara richiita basa. Musoro wegomo iri unoparadzwa mushure mokudengenyeka kwenyika, uye zvino chiitiko chechisikigo chakasvibiswa nechepamusoro-soro kwechigadziko, chakaenzana nemamita 600, chinotarisa zvikuru.

Iyo yakakwirira zvikuru pamusoro penzvimbo yacho, gomo reBromo, iro rakareba mamita 2379, rinoshamisa zvikuru zvinoshamisa mangwanani nemangwanani.

Makore anopfuura makumi maviri emakore apfuura kwaiva ne stratovolcano conical munzvimbo ino, ine mavara evhavha. Mushure mekudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasimba, akarasikirwa nenheyo yake, iyo yakatungamirira pakuumbwa kwejecha rejecha (grooves in the vent). Somugumisiro wekuparadzwa, gomo rinoputika rakaonekwa, richiita kuti chido chikuru chisati chiri chevatashanyi bedzi, asiwo masayendisiti.

Zvibayiro kuna vanamwari

Pasi petsoka giant iri kurarama maIndia, avo vanokanda zvokudya, michero kana kunyange mhuka mumuromo wegomo dzvene kuti vafadze vanamwari. Kubvira panguva yekare, gomo reBromo, rakapoteredzwa nenhau, inzvimbo iyo tsika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaitwa. Semuenzaniso, mutambo weYadnya Kasada unotora kwemwedzi, panguva iyo ndiyo tsika yekuunza zvipo zvezvibayiro nekunyengetera kuna vamwari vechiHindu, vachinyengeterera chikomborero.

Iyi tsika yakaberekerwa muzana remakore re XV kumabvazuva kwechitsuwa cheJava. Gomo reBromo rave riine dambudziko rekusemesa nyika, uye daredevils chete yakadzika kusvika kune imwe nguva panguva yebasa rayo.

Chiitiko chakasiyana-siyana - musangano wekubuda kwezuva paBromo

Vatashanyi vanokurumidza kuenda kuchitsuwa kuti vasangane nekunyura kwezuva pamucheto wechokomba, mukati mavo chiri Bromo. Izvozvo zvinoshamisa kuona kuti inorangarirwa nekuda kwehupenyu. Mangwanani-ngwanani, anenge o'clock mangwanani, pajecha rakagadzirwa semugumisiro wekumhanya kwemazuva ose uye kutenderera makiromita gumi, vatasvi vanoita nzira yavo. Chinhu chakafanana negomo remwedzi chinoshamisa nekuonekwa kwaro kusingaoneki.

Vanoshuva vanofambira vanomira hafu yeawa pamakiromita emamita 300, vakafukidzwa nehupamhi hwemhangura, mushure mekunge vaine nzvimbo panzvimbo yekuona nzvimbo, kubva kune iyo mhepo inopenya. Iwe unogona kuwanawo maruva emakwenzi akaomeswa kubva kune vagari vomunharaunda uye oiisa muchipinda ichi kuti iyananise giant.

Pakati pegungwa risina upenyu mune rima, zvinyorwa zvemahombekombe akafanana nemafuta makuru. Apo rima rinoputika, mhepo ine simba yeBromo muIndonesia, idzo dzakatsetse dzisina mbesa dzakasvibirira, uye maruva echando uye madota anofanana nemasango emasango anopiswa anoonekwa mukubwinya kwayo pamberi pevakashanya.

Kuberekwa kwezuva idzva

Mazuva anononoka ezuva, achiita nzira yavo kuburikidza nemugwagwa, kusimbisa kutamba kwechiedza nemumvuri, uye chete kamera yekhamera inotora kuchinja kunoshamisa kunoitika mumapapiro emakomo. Zvose zvinoitika zvakakurumidza kuti ziso revanhu harigoni kutevera kufamba kwemheni kwezuva.

Chiedza chinoputika mupata wose, uyo unonzi "gungwa rejecha", usingasiyi mukana weusiku uhwo. Zuva rinoberekwa, kutarisa makomo nemapani mumatonhi endarama. Kubva panzvimbo yekucherechedza ichi chisikwa chisingakanganwiki chinotarisa pane imwe mweya uye bhenikari nemaonero asina kunaka nezvehukuru hwakanaka hwezvakasikwa. Nzvimbo iyo, iyo yakaita semuchengetedzi kune firimu inonakidza, inosiya mafungiro asingakanganwiki.

Nzvimbo huru iyo inogona kufamba nyore nyore kumativi ose mumaminitsi makumi mashanu, uye kubva pakukwira kumucheto kwegomo rinogara kunotora kufema. Ichokwadi, havasi vese daredevils vanotarisira kushamwaridzana kwakadaro uye vanongopedzisira vazviwana pachavo pachitarisiko chekucherechedza, kutora mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana. Sezvo vashanyi vachibvuma, kana iwe uchidzika pasi anenge mamita makumi mana wakadzika, unogona kuona kuti masikati machena e sulfur dioxide anopukunyuka kubva mumhepo.

Temberi yechiHindu uye musha we Teng Teng

Pasika reBromo inonyatsowanikwa nzvimbo inoshanda yeHindu Pura Luhur Poten Bromo mudenga, uye kubva mangwanani-ngwanani unogona kutarisa. Dzimwe nguva iyo yakafukidzwa nemadota, uye inochera nevemunharaunda vanotenda kuti mhuka inotyisa ndiyo mukova wepasi.

Pamuganhu weCaldera ndiyo musha muduku weKemoró Lovang - nzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa kune vanofambira vanouya kunakidzwa nemhando yeJava. VaKanggers vanogara pano avo vakachengetedza mararamiro ehuHindu kusvikira nhasi vanonamata unamwari uye vanokumbira gomo reBromo kuti risatumire rava moto kune vagari vemo.

Kubva kumusha unotanga kufanana nechinzvimbo, saka mutengo weimba hauwanzove wakakwirira. Vatashanyi vakashanyira pano vanoti mari yekamuri imwe muhotera inogona kudarika rupies zana (anenge madhora gumi). Asi nekuda kwenzvimbo yakanaka chaizvo yemuguta - pamucheto wegomba, kubva pakatarisana nechokuita chechivako-kubva pakushaiwa kwevashanyi hapana anotambura.

Bromo volcano: sei ungasvika ikoko?

Kupfuura muguta reProbolingo (Probolinggo) kune motokari inokuendesa kunzvimbo yakarurama - musha weCemoro Lawang, uri muawa yekufamba kuenda kuhombekombe. Kutakura kunofamba mumugwagwa kubva pakamira pedyo nechiteshi chebhazi, uye iyo inofamba ine 35-45 zviuru rupees. Rwendo rune migwagwa nyoka rinotora maawa maviri.

Kuti uende kuProbolingo, unogona kutora bhazi kuDenpasar kana Yogyakarta (maawa 11), Malange (2.5 maawa). Vaya vanoda kutora chitima vachasarudza kutanga kweguta rechipiri guru kuIndonesia - Surabaya.

Kana vatashanyi vachienda kugomo rinoputika neBali, ipapo nzira yavo inopfuura nepagungwa reGilimanuk, iri kumavirira kwechitsuwa chacho. Ngarava inobva kuJava, ichagara mumugwagwa kweinenge awa, uye kubva pakupedzisira - Ketapang - zvakakosha kuenda maawa matanhatu nebhazi kumusha weKomoros Lavagne.

Mazano evashanyi

Shanyai mhepo yeBromo mumwaka wakaoma, inotanga muna May uye inopera munaSeptember.

Avo vanoda kusangana nemambakwedza pahombekombe, zvinotarisirwa kutarisira zvipfeko zvinodziya, nokuti pamusangano wekucherechedza, unotinhwa nemhepo, inotonhora zvikuru. Zvinotenderwa uye mask for the face, iyo ichadzivirira kubva pamadota, ichifukidza migwagwa nemigwagwa. Vakawanda kunyange vanotenga mapiritsi. Mukuwedzera, iwe unoda chivako chakakosha uye lenzi pakamera, saka tora izvi izvi zvisati zvaitika.

Mifananidzo inofadza inowanikwa uye isina makore usiku, apo iwe unogona kuona zvakajeka nyeredzi dzinobwinya dzeMilky Way pamusoro peBromo mhirizhonga. Runako rwechimiro chinoshamisa chinovhiringidza mwoyo, uye ruzhinji rwekupenyera chiedza pamusoro penzvimbo dzerima denga dzicharamba dzichiyeuka iwe kwenguva yakareba. Zvinoratidzika kuti nyeredzi dzinogona kubatwa nemaoko.

Kuti ukwire nhandare yakasimba iwe unogona kukwereta bhiza, asi iyo yekupedzisira yakareba mamita kune chikamu ichi ichaenda iwe pachako. Usarega mabasa emutungamiri anoziva kuti ndeipi nzvimbo dzinofanira kudziviswa, nokuti imwe hafu yenguva iyo kukosha kwechisikigo inodzinga kwete kwete madota chete, asiwo matombo. Mushandirapamwe wokuzvimirira unobatanidza nehuwandu hwemungozi.

Kuti uende kugomo rinoputika, iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara mupaki yepasiti mari yekubhadhara (chibvumirano) - rupies makumi maviri nemaviri. Mutengo unowedzera zvichienderana nenguva uye nevhiki.

Kuvhuvhuta kwakasimba gore rino

Vazhinji masayendisiti vanobatanidzwa mumatambudziko ezvisikwa zvezvisikwa, kusanganisira kusafambira mafiri Oleg Kovtun. Bromo, mhirizhonga Ijen neSemueru nguva dzose iri nyaya yekutarisira vagari vemo, vachitya kuteerera pasi kudengenyeka kwenyika. Seismologists anoshanda kuIndonesia vakanyevera nezvekukuvadza muzhizha, uye mumwambakwedza kuputika kwechisimba kweGreat giant Bromo, dutu rinotyisa zvikuru, rave richizviratidza kwemakore anodarika makumi maviri.

Kusvika iye zvino, vagari vomunharaunda yakapoteredza vakagadzirira kuti vaende, uye vashanyi vanorambidzwa kuswedera kunzvimbo iri mumakiromita maviri. Inzvimbo huru yemadota inokwira pamusoro pegomo rinomiririra chiitiko chakanaka uye chinotyisa. Mwedzi mishomanana zvisati zvaitika, chikara chacho chakanga chine guruva uye chakanyungudutswa, chichivhundutsa vanhu vomunharaunda. Ikoko kunopisa kunoputika kweBromo, iyo mifananidzo yayo zvino inounza chaiye inotyisa, yakaputika uye yakashandurwa ikaita murenje regehena.

Chiedza chebhuruu cheIjena

MuJavaja, dzakawanda zvinopisa moto zvinopisa, izvo runako zvinofadza vashanyi. Miputi ine simba yeBromo neIjen yava nenguva yakava makadhi anoshanyira enyika, uye vatorwa vakanzwa nezvenzvimbo dzekudenga vanouya kuzovaona.

Rwendo rwokuenda kumakomo anoputika Ijen, iro rakapa zita kune paki yepasi, yakakurumbira zvikuru. Iwe unogona kutarisa mukati memhepo huru inopfungaira uye ona shingu inopisa sulfur yakazara sulfuric acid. Vapors zvezvinhu zvinotadza havatenderi kugara pano kwenguva refu. Dzimwe nguva sulfuri inopisa, uye ipapo magetsi akanaka ebhuruu anoonekwa , anova akaisvonaka kupfuura ose.

Sezvo iwe zvichida wakanzwisisa, kuuya kuJava - izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe urege kusika muyeuka yako kusinganzwisisiki kwekubatanidzwa mune zvinoshamisa zvezvinhu zvakasikwa.