Auschwitz - guta muPoland. History uye zvinokwezva muguta

Auschwitz - guta iri Republic of kuPoland, ane zita riri kazhinji kunzwa zvachose. Chii rizere nhoroondo yeguta? Ndezvipi zvinokwezva ine?

Auschwitz

The guta riri makiromita 60 chete kubva Krakow. It riri muna Auschwitz pamapani pedyo nzvimbo Vistula River Sola uye kuwa Pshempsh. Hazvina taundi duku riri wokuPoland, riri zvinosiririsa nomukurumbira munyika yose panguva Yechipiri World War sezvo kuAuschwitz. Pano mumwe kupfuura yevasungwa.

Nhasi, guta musha vagari vanenge mamiriyoni 40. Modern Auschwitz ari kukura sezvo huru yezvokutengeserana uye mumaindasitiri muzinda munyika. Uye vanhu pachavo vane pfungwa vokuPoland ezita rokuti - "Auschwitz", pane German "Auschwitz", iro rinotiyeuchidza pamusoro zvinosuwisa kare. Guta rine zvitatu pamutemo zviratidzo: mureza, chiratidzo uye Logo. Panguva guta mureza ndiwo mufananidzo nguvo maoko pamusoro yebhuruu background. Auschwitz jasi kwezvombo chinofananidzira shongwe tsvuku denga uye vaviri zvapungu kumativi. Chiratidzo guta yakaitwa muna 2002, pariri yakanyatsotsanangura hunorondedzera mufananidzo njiva - chiratidzo norugare nokubatana pakati vemarudzi ose.

nyaya

guta rino kuPoland akazviratidza XII remakore, uye gare gare chaparadzwa anenge zvachose. Muzana XIII remakore yakanga yakadzorerwa uye pakarepo akava guta. For kuAuschwitz vaiva kugara kusawirirana pakati Czech Republic uye Poland, sezvo guta vagara muzinda munyu kutengeswa.

Muzana XVI remakore zvakanga kutanga nyuchi vaJudha. A remakore gare gare mambo Polish Władysław IV anovapa ropafadzo kugara kumba, musi pakuvhurwa wesinagoge uye kumakuva nhandare zvakanaka. By pakutanga XX remakore vaJudha vakaumba vanenge 40% of dzomumaguta vemo.

Muzana XVIII remakore, guta rakava chikamu ari yeAustria Empire. Senzira Poland kudzoka mushure World War First. Munguva yeAustria utongi Auschwitz akava rakakura njanji Junction, zviri kuvaka fekitari, chikoro, chechi. Chikamu madhorobha mavakirwo iyoyo vachiri vakachengetedzwa.

Before Hondo Yenyika II muna kuAuschwitz, maiva nevaJudha vakawanda pane 8000. Muna 1939 akapinda muguta nemauto German, vakaiisa kuna Third Reich. Pano akaronga mumusasa wevasungwa. The guta rakanga vakasunungurwa muna 1945.

Vaimbove musasa Auschwitz

The guta akashanyira gore nezviuru zvevanhu, kunzwa mhepo kamwe akatonga kutya pano. VokuGermany akaritumidza kuAuschwitz. Ndiwo zita kwemakore akawanda rakabayirwa yose ndangariro.

Pakarepo shure kubatwa mundima Polish nemauto eGermany akaronga misasa pano, iro raiva zvivako zvitatu. Mazana ezviuru zvevanhu vakanga akachengetwa yakamanikidzika yemapurisa. Munguva yehondo, vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni vakapondwa paAuschwitz, 90% vacho vaiva vaJudha.

Guta rakanga vakasunungurwa muna 1945, uye muna 1947, musasa akava miziyamu. Zvino Auschwitz zvaisanganisira Munyika Heritage List. Varongi of miziyamu vakasiya yemauto uye Barbed waya. Various setende vakazvipira vemarudzi akasiyana. Heano zvivako zvitsva, mifananidzo akwegura, mbatya uye zvimwe zvinhu zvevasungwa.

Mune imwe setende kuti girazi rusvingo chinhu muzvizhinji shangu neshangu enzvimbo Auschwitz vasungwa. Chinhu chinoshamisa kumira wega.

rainzwika guta

Kunze upenyu miziyamu mumusasa anoenderera mberi. Beyond masvingo waimbova musasa rwakasiyana chaizvo - cute uye cuddly kuAuschwitz. Rainzwika guta - ndiwo chaiwo European yakamanikana migwagwa uye yekare mapurani.

Taundi rine Castle yakavakwa muna XII remakore. Ndiye Chivako mukuru kuAuschwitz. The Castle riri pagomo uye akapoteredzwa miti batana. Munguva kurwisa, ivo Tartars yakaparadzwa. Prints Meshko II yavakwazve nayo XII remakore zvakare, rakapoteredzwa pamasvingo panguva imwe chete.

In kuAuschwitz pane machechi yekare akawanda. Somuenzaniso, Chechi nokufungidzira wemhandara Mariya kana neMhandara Maria Church of Wokuzvarwa. Pakati muguta ndiyo Town Hall uye Market Square. Attention zvakare wakavhomorwa St. Jack kuti Chapel uye Chechi Yedu Lady netsamba akatendeka.

Kufamba mumigwagwa kuAuschwitz, tinogona kuona yakawanda nedzimba zvakakwana dzinonakidza mapurani. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pane imba Szymon Kluger - vaJudha wokupedzisira kurarama muguta. Zvino Museum Jewish riri mumba make.

Mukati guta ndivo yeko uye yechiJudha kumakuva uye musinagoge ravaJudha Chevra Lomdey Mishnaes, yakavambwa muna 1918.

mhedziso

Auschwitz - guta refu uye yakaoma nhoroondo, ine mativi maviri. Rimwe divi - anotyisa uye akashungurudzwa kare, sezvinoratidzwa waimbova musasa wevasungwa. Mumwe - izvi migwagwa yekare, mapurani varipo uye mhepo inofadza.