Aquifer. Kudzika aquifer

Aquifer kana jengachenga - mashoma akaturikidzana nedombo ane mukuru permeability. Dzavo pores, makatsemuka kana zvimwe voids vakafufutirwa pasi.

General pfungwa

aquifers Several anogona kuumba aquifer hurongwa, kana vari interconnected hydraulically. Rakashandiswa mvura iri miti, kudiridza nemasango nemaruva mune zvoupfumi basa. Kana iwe anongoerekana pemvura, vanogona kuva tsime waterlogging ndima. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti paumbwe nechezasi uye Transitional bogs.

permeability

The aquifer kunoratidzwa ne permeability wamatombo. Water permeability zvinoenderana noukuru uye uwandu interconnected makatsemuka, pores, uyewo arongwe pellets matombo. Kudzika aquifer zvinogona zvakasiyana kubva 4.2 M ( "vakahwanda") uye kusvika 30-50 M (chitubu mvura).

Kune tsime permeable mabwe:

• mavhu;
• hurungudo;
• jecha zvinonyadzisa;
• kwazvo musoro uye karst matombo.

mvura mufambo

Zvikonzero sangano remvura pores zvinogona akawanda:

• simba regiravhiti;
• hydraulic musoro;
• rirambe richibvira masimba;
• rirambe richibvira-osmotic masimba;
• adsorption simba;
• tembiricha gradient.

Zvichienderana Geological nemamiriro aquifer matombo zvinogona isotropic chokuita filtration, kureva. E. Permeability chero akananga zvakafanana. Matombo zvinogona anisotropic, umo nyaya dziri dzinoratidzwa yunifomu kuchinja permeability kwose kwose.

Kudzika aquifers iri Moscow nharaunda

Mumazana mundima Moscow nharaunda muchivande tafura mvura udzamu zvinosiyana, saka kuti zvivanakire yayo rakakamurwa hydrological kumatunhu. Kune akawanda akatakura mvura-nzvimbo:

• Southern nharaunda. Mvura pamwero inogona kuva kuwanda 10-70 m. Kusimba pamatsime munzvimbo iyi anoda kubva 40 M kusvika mamita 120.
• South-wokumavirira nharaunda. mvura jengachenga vakasiyana profusion. Avhareji kudzika matsime ndiyo mamita 50.
• Central District. Ndicho kupfuura nzvimbo pachivara. Iyewo, rakakamurwa Large uye Small. Avhareji pakukora pajengachenga ndiyo mamita 30. Mvura pano carbonate, carbonate-sulphate.
• nharaunda Eastern. Kudzika aquifer munharaunda iyi 20-50 mamita. Mvura, kumboda, zvakasimba mineralized, saka mvura unusable.
• Klin-Dmitrov weruwa. Inoitwa maviri yokumusoro carbonate jengachenga: Gzhel uye Kasimovsky.
• Volga District. Avhareji kudzika aquifer ndiyo 25 mamita.

Uku kurondedzera mukuru nzvimbo. Kudzidza yakatodzama aquifers, vakavaitira masikirwo mvura layer simba rayo, chaiyo aibuda zvazvingava, precipitate arambe achirema uye zvakafanana. D.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti hydrogeology of Moscow Region allocates rimwe aquifer gadziriro, iyo rakakamurwa wandei horizons pakati Paleozoic marasha deposits:

• Podolsko myachkovskogo pakati kabhoni rukoko;
• Serpukhovskoy aquifer uye Oka nechepazasi kabhoni idzodzo;
• Kashirsky aquifer kabhoni yechipiri;
• Kasimovsky yokumusoro kabhoni rukoko;
• Gzhel repamusoro aquifer kabhoni.

Vamwe aquifers vakaderera mvura saturation uye yakakwirira chicherwa kugutsikana, saka havasi akakodzera mabasa evanhu.

Aquifer Serpukhovskoy Oka uchingodzikira kabhoni idzodzo ane kunonyanyisa kukwanisa hama kune dzimwe aquifer - 60-70 mamita.

Moscow-Podolsky aquifer inogona kusvika vaifanira kubva 45 metres zvakadzama, avhareji simba rayo akaenzana 25 mamita.

How kuona kudzika aquifer

Sandy aquifer - .. Name zvimiso, kureva kuti jengachenga anogona kuva mavhu, jecha hwakakanyiwa norukangarabwe. Dzakasiyana simba jecha aquifers, udzamu hwavowo siyana.

Kana tikafunga hydrogeology of Moscow nharaunda uye pedyo dzoga, tinogona kutaura chokwadi kuti mvura inogona kuwanikwa pevhu panguva kudzika 3-5 metres, zvichienderana hama kukwirira kudzidzwa nzvimbo. Kudzika aquifer ndiyewo novimba hydrological zviri pedyo: rwizi, gungwa, murove.

Pedyo pamusoro rukoko anonzi "vakahwanda". mvura kushandiswa kwayo hakuna anokurudzirwa zvokudya, t. K. The simba rukoko urwu imhaka kunonaya, chando utsotso, uye zvichingodaro. G., Saka pano anogona kuwana marara zvinokuvadza nyore. Kazhinji, Zvisinei, mvura "vakahwanda" anoshandiswa mumba, uye kumutumidza kunyange "muitiro mvura".

Good yakasvinwa mvura iri kudzika 8-10 mamita. Pamusangano kudzika mamita 30 dziri vanonzi "chicherwa mvura", nokuti kugadzirwa kwezvinhu boreholes zvakavakwa.

Kuti uone kuvapo nokudzika yokumusoro aquifer zviri nyore. Kune vakawanda dzakakurumbira nzira: achishandisa tsvimbo kana chakaumbwa puranga, uchishandisa ivhu muhari, nzira hwokutevera miti kukura pamusoro munharaunda.