Apo upfumi anova kutituma, kana formational yokusvika nokudzidza nhoroondo

World Ancient, Middle Ages, dzazvino, Newest - muzvikamu zvose izvi kukura vanhu, izvo kwakavakirwa socio-upfumi inotungamirwa. Zvinonzi anoritsanangura akazviratidza formational yokusvika kuna nokudzidza nhoroondo. Chii, izvo Mapato dziri huchiratidzwa anoritsanangura, aiva muvambi? Mibvunzo iyi vanokokwa nezvacho.

dzidzo Classical inodzidzisa kare pane imwe padanho kukura, chikuru zvinoratidza aizoonekawo paumbwe vanhu. tsvakurudzo Kutungamirirwa yakapfuura yakazokudziridzwa uye yakasimbiswa Karlom Marksom. Akataura kuti kushandisa nzira akadai inotungamirwa yokutaura nhoroondo, ichokwadi chete nokuda Kusiyanisa zvokukura emunhu. Ichokwadi ichi?

Kubva pane basa rake, inotungamirwa nzira - kudzidza kukura vanhu kubva chinyakare muvanhu kuti chipo pahwaro nadzurudzo hupfumi womuenzaniso. Kuchinja yaifanira kunyanya tichiregeredza vanonzi "nokumukirana", kureva kuchinja muupenyu vanhu.

Saka chinyakare zvaiita hurongwa anoita se wokutanga nhevedzano idzodzo iyo chinosiyanisa inotungamirwa kutaura. Nokuti munhoroondo yevanhu ndeye somunhu harbinger kwenzanga. Archaeological uchapupu hunoratidza kuti kunyange proto-upfumi kwakavakirwa 3 mhando mabasa: hove, kuvhima uye kuungana. Huru zvishandiso vakanga chinyakare kuti rubatsiro wavo zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti vave vamwe mabasa. Zvisinei, zvachose vaitamira vaisagona kupa zvose zvaidiwa pakugadzira munhu. Kwaidiwa nhumbi itsva, izvo uye vakava varanda. pakuonekwa akanga kuchinja dzinokosha kuti yezwi itsva inotungamirwa - nhapwa hurongwa.

Kuwedzera nokuumbwa itsva mhando munzanga, panguva iyoyo akatanga, uye kukurumidza kukura nyika kuti vakagamuchira obscherodovoy inonzi "muranda."

Akatevera akazochinja panguva apo kubudirira basa varanda akava pasi kuti taifanira kuwana nzira itsva kushanda hwenyika. Vaiva hukama venyika risi, zvishoma nezvishoma kutanga muna Europe, Asia uye Russia. Mark, zvinoreva kuti ekupedzisira hazvisi ezvinhu yokutanga zvoupfumi inokurukurwa pamusoro. Saka akaberekwa mutsva Danho kukura kwenzanga uye hurumende - feudalism, iyo inoratidza imwe huru inotungamirwa nzira. Izvi zvakaitwa kuti nezvinhu zviviri: wevasungwa makuru nzvimbo munyika mumaoko imwe mhuri uye kumanikidzwa kupinda muchiuto nzvimbo idzi vamwe vanhu.

Danho chechina raiva capitalist muvanhu. Formational kusvika kuna kudzidza nhoroondo inotaura kuti kwaita kushamwaridzana mhando uyu chete ndatenda zvinogoneka nesayenzi uye zvekushandisa mberi, nechokwadi pave gadzira, uye zvimwe maindasitiri. Panyaya iyi, iye pakuva capitalist munzanga, munyori vaiona vanonzi "kutengesa basa" kushanda capitalist.

Yepamusoro pakukura history, maererano nzira iyi, kwaiva kuva vanonzi "yechiKomonisiti vanhu" apo munhu wose anoshanda, uye zvibereko basa vari akavagovera vose mitezo.

Akapa tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro vadzidza nzira anoratidza kuti zviri chete rinotarisa kukurudzira upfumi sezvo mukuru chakaita kukura kwenzanga. Asi formational kusvika kune kudzidza nhoroondo uye asingauyi pamusana zvimwe zvinhu kuti aivawo zvakarwadza chaizvo kwevanhu munzanga. Uye zvinopesana zvakanga dzakabudirira budiriro nzira zvakare anofunga zvechitendero, nenzvimbo, zvepfungwa uye tsika zvinhu.

Panyaya iyi tinofanira kuona kuti, pasinei hapo kuoma ari munyori akaisa mberi uchapupu formational yokusvika adzidze nhoroondo imwe madziro, uye nezvawagara kudzidza vanofanira kufunga zvose zvinokonzera evanhu kukura.