Apo Ishe DARYA River iri? Syrdarya River: Photo uye tsananguro

Kuburikidza vachiita Fergana Mupata uye mumipata Farkhad makomo, pamusoro kumucheto Hunger inowanzorimwa uye Kyzylkum gwenga Syrdarya runoyerera - rwizi wakarebesa muna Central Asia.

"Pearl River"

Kubvira kare kare, vanhu vakagara pamahombekombe ari Ishe DARYA, uchishandisa mvura yaro yokudiridzira. Pakanga kwete chete chinonyanya ivhu rakaorera, asiwo vakapfuura yakakurumbira Silk Road intersects pamwe karavhani nzira dzokutengeserana kubva Samarkand, Khiva uye Bukhara.

MuchiGiriki zvinyorwa, rwizi anonzi "Yaksart", iro rinoreva "parera rwizi". Sezvazvakanga yainzi, uye madzinza Turkic, uye vanhu Iran. Kunyange Ages Chinese yaMakoronike unogona kuwana zita Ishe DARYA - "Chzhenchzhuhe", iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "Pearl River".

Zvisinei, parera murwizi kumbova. Zita yekare Ishe DARYA, Ungangove unoratidza mafungiro vanhu vanogara yakaoma munzvimbo uye kupfuura zvose vaikoshesa mvura.

Pasinei pachena akadzikama uye kunyange ukuru, Ishe achinyengera uye capricious. Uye panguva teura, kunyanya panguva chando uchanyangadika mumakomo, zvinogona chokusatongofashamidzazve nzvimbo huru. Saka, kunyange ichangopfuura kare veko yekufadza mweya "Pearl River" vakauya kwaari kubayira mhuka.

Pamahombekombe ari Ishe DARYA vazhinji zvenhoroondo Zvivako uye zvinotyisa. Somuenzaniso, Khujand, ane zera riri makore anopfuura 2500, Sygnak, ava kunzi kugarwa Sunako-Ata, matongo eguta Otrar, raiva rakakura muzinda panguva yeMiddle Ages. Asi Otrar wakaparadza uye vakaparadza mumwe wavanakomana Genghis Khan, uye guta riri risisiri patsva.

General ruzivo pamusoro geography uye hydrology

Syrdarya akaberekerwa kumabvazuva chikamu Fergana Mupata confluence nzizi mbiri - vachimhanya kubva pamazitombo echando ari Tiến-Shan makomo Naryn uye Kara DARYA. nzira yake nomunharaunda kunyika nhatu: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan uye Uzbekistan.

Kureba rwizi 2212? Km. Syrdarya - rwizi, kunyange rwakafara, asi kwete yakadzika, saka zviri navigable chete munzvimbo Kyzyl-Orda uye Kazakhstan.

On mamiriro rwizi mukuru simba kudiridza hurongwa, nekuti mvura yake refu kushandiswa tidiridze dzisinganayi kumatunhu. Parizvino pane 700 migero, outputting Ishe mvura mumunda uye maindasitiri munzvimbo.

In yayo pakati kunosvika rwizi siyana dzakawanda migero, saka chiri pasi-nhema floodplain, dzimwe nguva machakwi uye vashoma netsanga, runzimbe uye tugai masango.

Apo rwizi mainozonodira Ishe DARYA, yava zvakaoma chaizvo kupindura, nokuda Sea Aral, izvo kare raguma nzira yake, anenge asiri aripo. Nokuda kuomesa, zvakanzi rakakamurwa madziva mbiri duku uye rwizi mvura inoshandiswa saka vachishingairira zveupfumi zvinodiwa kuti vhoriyamu nokuyerera pamuromo iri zvishomanana. Asi pamutemo riri kuonekwa kuti rwizi runoyerera kupinda North Sea Aral.

The nharaunda umo Ishe DARYA River, akasiyana-siyana siyana mumamirire ekunze uye nharaunda.

The Ferghana Mupata

Wefodya nzizi nehova inoyerera kubva pamazitombo echando ari Tiến-Shan, kuti Ishe DARYA anotanga rwendo ayo kuburikidza picturesque Fergana Valley.

Sezvo III Millennium BC munharaunda mumupata paiva nzvimbo zvikuru dzakabudirira, uye kuchine mamwe maguta mukuru Central Asia - Andijan uye Margilan.

The Ferghana Valley akanaka chaizvo uye munyoro okunze, inozivikanwa kwemazana emakore kuti chokubereka kwayo. Parizvino pane kukura donje, mupunga, michero, miriwo, manwiwa, uye 30% yevanhu Uzbekistan kuti aigara chaiyo iri Fergana pasi.

zvakawanda Its Fergana vanosungirwa Syrdarya. Vazhinji nzizi duku kubva anomhanyira inopisa mvura tsinga, paine mupata chando mvura. Uyezve, pane dzakabudirira kudiridza gadziriro, iyo yakatanga kubuda ari kure kare. Ishe mvura chakagadzirwa hova kuti makwai uye, manwiwa minda neminda yemizambiringa.

Farkhad makomo

The goho kubva Ferghana Valley River mufurati Farkhad makomo, kana pane dombo, sezvo hondo hakusi guru chaizvo. Syrdarya - rwizi akadzikama uye kunyange simbe - pano ichichinja musasvike rukova. Punching nzira yavo mumatombo, iye anogumburwa pamusoro muhomba Mogol-Vangararai, zvinoitika rinooneka kuchamhembe-kumadokero nokuumba Bigovatskie nezvikumbaridzo.

Panguva mbudo of Syrdarya Farkhad Chimanimani munguva Soviet rakanga rakavakwa Hydroelectric. Dam Its inoita basa rinokosha iri kudiridza nyika Hunger inowanzorimwa.

Chii bani vayambuka parwizi Ishe

Zvavakanga dzakabuda Farkhad makomo Syrdarya mberi nzira kwayo kuburikidza Turan nebani, izvo ane nzvimbo yakakura chikamu Central Asia. Izvi kunonyanyisa chaizvo uye mvura iri rine zvikuru Continental ekunze. The tembiricha pano yemakomo + kubvira 40 ° C muzhizha kuti chando -40˚S.

On muganhu Turan mapani makuru akadaro uye inonyatsozivikanwa kurenje, sezvo Kara Kum uye Kyzyl Kum. Uye Syrdarya chete dzinopomhodza pakaoma okunze yacho.

Chokwadi, renje kuramba pakachengeteka ichimirira, rwizi chete runoyerera pamwe kumucheto Kyzyl-Kum. Asi anocheka zvakatowanda kwakakwidibira nzvimbo, uyewo iri mundima Turan romubani - Hungry inowanzorimwa.

On aomeswa uye munyu mhepo nevhu ivhu pamusoro inowanzorimwa asingadi kukura padivi chinhu, kunyange gwenga Maruva kunoratidzika siyana. Iyi haisi patainzwa nzvimbo uve kunyange gobvu rwizi Ishe DARYA - Photo inoratidza zvakanaka.

Vanopfuura zana nemakore, vanhu vakaedza kunwa mvura Ishe DARYA Hungry inowanzorimwa, asi kuedza izvi dzaguma kukundikana. Pakupera ari XIX remakore kubudikidza paakaenda chirevo zviuru zvakawanda vanhu pamusoro akavaka Kaufmansky mugero makore 10. Asi wachengeta mvura kwava kukonzera eutrophication of inowanzorimwa.

The nenzizi Ishe DARYA

Nzvimbo bheseni kunopfuura 200 000 akaenzana makiromita. Vhoriyamu remvura pamusoro wayo ano zvikurukuru hunobva nenzizi dzakawanda uye nehova kuti zvokudya uchanyangadika mvura chando. rechibharo Major of Ishe DARYA River dziri mukati rinosvika. Keles ichi, kuChirchik uye Angren. The Kudeuka uye kupfuura shoroma vavo kuChirchik.

In Syrdarya uye vabati vechibharo madiki akawanda, akadai Kasansay, Chaadaksay, Shahimardan, Cox, Bugun, Isfayramsay nevamwe. Kwenguva kwayo rechibharo - Aris - River anotora panzvimbo dzapasi kunosvika, riri pamuganhu Kyzyl Kum murenje.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo

Syrdarya - rwizi choupenyu. Iye chaizvoizvo inotsigira kuvapo uye zvakanaka eumambo nharaunda. Uye vanhu vasinganyari kushandiswa yake rupo, kwete kufungisisa kuti kukasawedzerwa Syrdarya imhaka mvura uye kubvunda mazizaya anenge chete.

Nokuda vanoshingaira kunwa mvura pfuma uye Ishe DARYA uye Amu DARYA pakupedzisira vaviri makumi emakore yekudyidzana kwakaderedza padanda ravo. Saka, uwandu mvura inoita Ishe DARYA muGungwa Aral yave yakaderera nezvikamu 10 nguva. Ndicho chikonzero chikuru akaoma kure negungwa gungwa.

Uye zvirokwazvo rwizi vakava shoma akanaka pakati kunosvika kuva risina richikurukura hova uye marshes.