Anxiolytic chaizvoizvo - nayo ... anxiolytic mugumisiro zvinodhaka

Munyika yanhasi, vanhu vakawanda vanomanikidzwa kugara vachingotya mupfungwa uye mupfungwa, izvo, sezvingatarisirwa, kunotungamirira pakupedzisira kuti dzakasiyana-siyana neurotic zvirwere. Panzira, munyika dzakasimukira vanotambura zvinetso izvi uye 20% vemo.

Ari pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu zvokuongorora pakati dambudziko neurotic zvirwere zvavo kurapwa, vari pari mamwe rokukurumidzira mukurapa uye pharmacology. Uye zvinodhaka kubatsira kukunda wakawedzera kufunganya, kufunganya zvirwere uye mupfungwa background, zvino zvaisanganisira muboka kupfuura vakatsvaka.

Munyaya ino tichashandisa kuedza kutsanangura kuitwa psychotropic zvinodhaka boka mapiritsi vanonzi zvakawanda anxiolytics uye antidepressants, uyewo kunzwisisa chii musiyano pakati migumisiro dzavo pamusoro womunhu.

Kufunganya zvirwere - dambudziko murume ano

Pakati psycho-mupfungwa zvirwere kuti anozviratidza ari gadziriro psychosomatic zvirwere uye netsinga (neurasthenia ndiko kupa pakutanga) ndiwo inonyanya kufunganya zvinetso zviri. Vari, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinogona kuonekwa sechinhu yoga nosological (m. E. Independent chirwere), semuenzaniso, muchimiro kunyonganiswa kurwiswa, magariro phobia uye generalized kufunganya nyonganyonga. Uye, zvinosuruvarisa kufunganya uye zvokuora mwoyo panguva pane 70% varwere non-pfungwa kuora in mavambo, kana ichi nokuda kujeka zvikonzero, apo 75% wavo - vakadzi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kana, mune zvokurapa, nguva dzose sechinhu zvakaipa chinokonzera netsinga kukura mupfungwa uye kutya zvisinei yezvakaita runotikurudzira chirwere. Izvi imhaka yokuti mwoyo kuti zvakakomba kunokanganisa murwere psycho-kunetsa, uye tikafunga ichi vanogona kuva psychosomatic zvokurwara, uye ane zvinowanika kwaari somatic (pamuviri) zvirwere kuchaitika zvikuru kunzwisisa uye ine kuipa fungidziro.

Kugadzirisa mamiriro mwoyo kubatsira-siyana psychotropic zvinodhaka, izvo zvinosanganisira mapiritsi (anxiolytics), uye antidepressants.

Anxiolytics (mapiritsi) uye antidepressants: musiyano pakati pavo

Asi chete vanofanira kujekesa kuti, pasinei mukuru wezwi zvakafanana, mari idzi dzine dzakasiyana migumisiro iri murwere. Uye musiyano mukuru pakati mapiritsi uye antidepressants runosanganisira chaiyo iri pakuti anxiolytics kushanda nezvekuparadzwa Kufunganya, kushungurudzika, kufunganya, uye kushatirwa zvine mwoyo, uye antidepressants vari kunetseka chirwere pachavo.

Mapiritsi (pamazita zvinodhaka chiito ichi zvichagoverwa hereinafter) nezvahunoita padzakacherechedza pakarepo, asi izvozvo kazhinji inogara isina kupfuura zuva, pashure iro murwere haasi kugamuchira inotevera dose zvinodhaka anogona zvakare kusangana kufunganya zviratidzo.

Matambudziko ari antidepressants kwenguva refu, sezvazvakanyorwa kutaurirwa mhaka pathological ezvinhu. Yawapiwa zvinodhaka izvi zvinogona kugara 1-2 mwedzi, uye mune Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa kusvikira rimwe gore. Asi antidepressants anogona kubvisa mwoyo zvakakwana kurapwa. In zvakakomba chirwere mapiritsi raitongwa pamwe antidepressants - imwe nekuratidza chirwere aibatwa, uye mumwe - chikonzero.

Zvinotaurwa ehupfumi kuti mapiritsi?

Saka, takaona kuti mapiritsi vari anonyanya anxiolytic zvazviri - vasanyanye manzwiro murwere nokutya, kufunganya, makakatanwa, richiratidzwa pakawanda panguva dzakasiyana-siyana psychosomatic pathologies.

Kazhinji, mapiritsi nhaka uyewo kunyaradza (obscheuspokaivayuschim), hypnotic, tsandanyama relaxant (achidzikisa tsandanyama inzwi), uye anticonvulsive chiito. A hypnotic mugumisiro anorondedzerwa zvigadzirwa kwakunoitwa dzekugonesa migumisiro pamusoro murwere hypnotic, unonyaradza marwadzo (marwadzo-kuuraya) zvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka anoshandiswa pamwe mapiritsi.

Akati zvinodhaka vanogona zvikuru vanobudirira nyanyisa-muropa nyonganyonga (kureva. N. nyanyisa) kana kwakakwidziridzwa suspiciousness (hypochondriasis). Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti apo rikwanise kuvhiringidzika, zvinovadadira, aone zvinhu zvisipo nezvimwewo zvinetso, iro rinogona achiperekedzwa kufunganya, kutya uye kufunganya, mapiritsi regai nyore kurapwa.

Sei nokupfuuridzirwa ruzivo hwomunhu?

Kuti tinzwisise kuti munhu ane kugara kunzwa kutya uye kuzvidya mwoyo, mupfungwa Makakatanwa, uyewo zvimwe zviratidzo mwoyo mamiriro, ngatikurukurei zvavo nemashoko, sei mashoko ari chakasvitswa muuropi.

Uropi ine masero etsinga - Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, izvo rega kupinda zvakananga nevanhu mumwe. Ko synapse pakati Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu (kana synaptic mumukaha) uye saka nokupfuuridzirwa mashoko, anoti nemagetsi nomunhu pakati Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, rakaitirwa pachishandiswa makemikari nhume, inonzi neurotransmitters.

Kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa bhora munhu kunoita kuti kuchinja wevasungwa nedzimwe neurotransmitters (akataura ichi sezvo vasanyanye nhamba nhatu): norepinephrine, kweserotonin dopamine.

Anti-depressant sei?

Mugumisiro antidepressants nechinangwa murau pakati uwandu nevamiririri. Kamwe dzouropi anopiwa zvemagetsi chiratidzo nevamiririri kupinda synapse uye kubatsira uchatamisa chiratidzo mberi. Asi kana vaparadzwa, nokupfuuridzirwa muitiro anova simba kana hazviiti. Uye Pakadaro, ari kutonga, uye akaora mamiriro munhu - murwere anetseka wevasungwa, pane kusakendenga, akaderedza mupfungwa background, pane vaitozonyepa muvanhu kuti seyi, mwoyo uye zvakafanana kuratidzwa ane pathological ezvinhu.

Chinangwa antidepressant mu akati mamiriro kunodzivisa kuparadzwa nevamiririri, mauri kwemashoko etsinga chido iri yakakura, uye chinovhiringidza chiratidzo iri ndanyarara hangu.

Asi yeuka kuti kushandiswa antidepressants refu vaizongoguma kukonzera marwadzo muchimiro uremu shanduko, nenyonganiso zvepabonde basa, dzungu, kuda kurutsa, kuvaviwa. Nei mashoko pamutemo psychotropic mishonga kunotozongoita akaisa kupinda muboka mishonga kuti inoda anokosha kudzora pakugadzwa uye womuchato.

Sei mapiritsi zvakapararira?

Kusiyana antidepressants, anxiolytics nezvinozoitika kuderedza excitability mune subcortical nzvimbo uropi, ukuwo zvainoita wevasungwa vangareverera mune gadziriro izvi simba.

In kurapwa tsika zvinoshanda mapiritsi (anxiolytics) zvinobatsira kuti chokwadi kuti, richienzaniswa antidepressants, vane zvishoma nhamba chakakomba nemishonga uye kazhinji akashivirira zvakanaka nokuda murwere.

zvinodhaka Anxiolytic dzinoshandiswa muchipatara uye outpatient kurapwa. Asi kukura kwebasa ravo kushandiswa kubvira kare vaenda mhiri wepfungwa. Rinotaura chetsinga, zvomusejari, kenza uye zvimwe zvirwere. Uye ichi ndicho wakakodzera zvikurukuru chokwadi kuti sezvo kukura wokutanga mapiritsi, boka ravo rine zvinodhaka zvinopfuura 100 akasiyana, vane yakafara zvezvinotaurwa kwechirwere, uye kuvandudzwa itsva kuchiri kuitika.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, anxiolytics anoshandiswa?

Saka, sezvo waita pamwe afunga, kuitira kubvisa kunzwa kutya, kuzvidya mwoyo, simudza pachikumbaridzo mupfungwa excitability, normalize hope, kuderedza kushatirwa, incontinence, uye hypochondriacal siyana, murwere zvaida kugadzwa anxiolytics. simba ravo rinobatsira streamline murwere maitiro yokuderedza Kuparadzwa epfungwa, kuvandudza magariro kwadzakabva wevarwere, uye kunyange kuderedza autonomic zvirwere. Zvinoratidza kushandisa mari idzi sezvo neurotic ezvinhu uye zviratidzo hope zvirwere uyewo matambudziko zvemwoyo uye marwadzo syndromes.

Rakajairika Muzviitiko zvakadaro muri mapiritsi, benzodiazepines chokuita "Xanax", "Lorazepam", "Finazepam", "elenium", "Diazepam" kana "Ini". Asi kwakapararira inonzi atypical anxiolytics - semuenzaniso, "buspirone hydrochloride" zvinodhaka kana "Meksidol".

Mapiritsi: mazita zvinodhaka uye zvazvinokonzera

Mapiritsi (anxiolytics), sezvambotaurwa, anoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda, vane psychosomatic uye somatic mavambo.

zvinodhaka izvi kubatsira kuderedza excitability zvikamu avo hwomunhu kuti vane basa mupfungwa nezviito. Uye mukuru pakati mapiritsi iri anxiolytic chaizvoizvo, uko kunoratidzwa kwete rutapudzo mwoyo, asiwo mukuderedza nyanyisa (zvikaramba zviripo) uye kuti zviite kuti hypochondria (kwakawedzera suspiciousness). Ivo podza pfungwa kushushikana, kutya uye kufunganya, iyo chinonyanya kutaurwa mari idzi sezvo "Finazepam", "Nozepam", "Diazepam" uye "Lorazepam".

A zvinodhaka "Nitrazepam" uye "Alprazolam" ane iziviswe kunyaradza mugumisiro, zvinogona kunzi muchikwata che akarara mapiritsi, tranquilizer. Zvinodhaka "Medazepam" uye "Grandaxinum" rinoreva inonzi zuva mapiritsi, vane chinenge hapana tsandanyama relaxant (tsandanyama kutandara) uye kunyaradza zvivako, achivabvumira kutora panguva kushanda maawa.

Kugadzirira "clonazepam", "Finazepam" uye "Diazepam" vane, mukuwedzera, uye anticonvulsive zvazviri, uye kushandiswa pakurapa nematambudziko, uye autonomic pfari.

Sezvo vakagadzwa anxiolytics?

Pakugadza anxiolytics vanofanira kufungawo musiyano iri chakarondedzera zvavo mabasa. Paaiva makuru mishonga, chero vari kuratidza unhu pharmacological ehupfumi kuti mapiritsi.

Zvatinosiita yawapiwa kuti zvinodhaka anxiolytic Migumisiro - iri mavhiki anenge 4. Kana mushonga uyu unobviswa vhiki imwe mazuva 10 akaramba, uye ipapo ita-zuva matatu rotonhorera, uye ipapo kutangazve negashiro zvinodhaka. nzira iyi kunoita vakawanda kacho kuti vadzivise migumisiro habituation kana zvakakodzera kushandiswa kwenguva refu.

Kana ichi pfupi-kuita antianxiety zvinodhaka (semuenzaniso, "lorazepam" kana "Alprazolam") inokurudzirwa kutora 3-4 nguva masikati, uye zvinoreva pamwe kwenguva refu chiito ( "Diazepam" etc.) - kwete kupfuura 2 nguva pazuva. Sezvineiwo, "Diazepam" rinowanzoshandiswa chinotarisirwa akatorwa kamwe pamberi warara, sezvo ane simba kunyaradza kushanda.

Tizvidzivirire achitora tranquillizers

Asi zvose zvinodhaka pamusoro apa, zvinoda madikanwa zvokurapa cherechedzo, kana murwere anogona kuva muropa - anxiolytic mugumisiro chisingaperi Kutarisirwa uchaderedzwa uye kudiwa kuwedzera dose. Uyezve, uye zvichida paumbwe zvinodhaka nedoro. A kushandiswa kwenguva refu kunowedzera ngozi nedoro simba zvikuru. Uyewo, izvi zvinogona kukonzera vanonzi kushaya chirwere, iyo inotungamira kuti tikwanise Kushatiswa ezvinhu murwere uye, sezvinei, kuti kuwedzera zviratidzo ndiko, kuti tisunungurwe iyo kugamuchirwa akatumirwa anxiolytics.

Sezvineiwo, izvi kurutivi migumisiro mapiritsi kunyanya zvakasimba chinoratidzwa vana uye kuyaruka pasi nemakore 18, kushandisa kwavo munguva ino boka zvinogoneka chete aakatipa zviitiko apo ine zvakanaka makazviteya zvairatidza. Kunyange zvakadaro, nguva yokurapa kunofanira kuchengetwa kushoma.

List huru yaivhuvhuta anokonzerwa anxiolytics

Sezvineiwo, anxiolytic migumisiro - harisi chete antinevroticheskoe Migumisiro mushonga uri muviri womunhu, asi zvimwe zvinetso zvinokonzerwa kwayo nemishonga.

The chikuru zvinoratidza migumisiro inokonzerwa mapiritsi vari kuderedza padanho pfungwa, izvo runoratidzwa masikati nehope, havachanyatsogoni kutarisirwa uye kukanganwa.

Nokuitika tsandanyama kutandara (kutandara pamusoro skeletal tsandanyama) iri kunyange, uye mukuru simba kana zvinoderedza simba mamwe mapoka tsandanyama. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kushandisa mapiritsi uye pamwe vanonzi "maitiro toxicity", kureva munyoro vanotaura mu zvishande basa, akaratidza zvimwe vanotaura okuyeuka, nehanya uye mutauro neunyanzvi.

Imwe nzira kuderedza mamiriro ezvinhu vanachiremba funga kushandisa masikati tranquillizers, izvo zvinosanganisira "Gidazepam", "prazepam" uye "mebicar", "trimetozine", "medazepam" uye dzimwe nzira kuti vane izvi nemishonga richiuya chiduku pamwero.

Zviratidzo ovhadhozi kuti mapiritsi

Akazivisa anxiolytic mugumisiro mapiritsi zvinowanzoita kusingadzorwi uye vanova kugamuchira zvinodhaka izvi. Pashure kukurumidza zororo kubva mamiriro mupfungwa - ndizvo tonhorera!

Asi anxiolytics, kunyanya avo kuti vari benzodiazepines, vari nyore soluble ari mafuta, runovabatsira raisangoita zvizere nemudumbu uye zvakaenzana richiparadzirwa munyama womunhu muviri. Izviwo, zvinoguma imwe ovhadhozi dzakakomba zvikuru nemigumisiro.

Kazhinji, ovhadhozi chokuita yakawedzera nehope, utera, gait chinovanetsa, matauriro, uye dzungu. More zvakakomba chepfu Danho achiperekedzwa kufema kukundikana, kuchinja mudzira hunenge, zvachose kurasikirwa pfungwa, uye dzimwe nguva pakoma. Saka, pasinei nokuti kutenga zvimwe tranquillizers (kunyange zviri zvinodhaka zvinovhiringidza pfungwa) pasina mushonga uri nyore kuyeuka - mishonga izvi zvinogona kutorwa chete pamusoro zano kupinda chiremba uye pasi pake!

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinodhaka vane anxiolytic nomugumisiro?

Panzira, somunhu Anti kufunganya mushonga pacho rinoshandiswa uye achishandisa asiri kunyaradza-hypnotic. Somuenzaniso, imwe antihistamine akadai "Hydroxyzine" ane zvakajeka anxiolytic kushanda. Izvi zvikurukuru chinoratidzwa ezvinhu apo kufunganya uye mupfungwa anokonzerwa murwere ganda kusawirirana.

nootropics Several (somuenzaniso, "Phenibutum") vane Anti-kufunganya maturo. Akaratidza rakazviratidza uye Homeopathic rinoreva "Tenaten".

Vamwe tincture wemakwenzi (Leonurus, Immortelle chipingamupinyi rukato, Rhodiola rosea, peony uye magnolia womuzambiringa) zvichabatsira kuvandudza mwoyo, achibvisa kunzwa mwoyo kana bundu. A Marigold kunze kwete chete pane pfungwa uye mupfungwa, asi nokuda vakavadzungairisa nomusoro.

Stress rutapudzo kuchakubatsira kuwedzera ginseng mudzi, uye achava runobatsira hope Angelica uye hawthorn. mishonga infusions zvose izvi kunwa makosi kwemazuva 14, uye kana kana kushanda hakuitiki, izvozvo kubvunza chiremba.