Alternative Fiction: tsananguro, nhoroondo, features, uye wongororo zvebhuku

Alternative ingano - a Genre zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kukurumbira mazuva ano. Iye anonzi muvambi nyanzvi Roman Tit Livy, akaberekwa muna 59 BC. Pamabasa ake, dzakaitika akamboda kuita kubvuma chii chaizoitika nyika kana Aleksandr Makedonsky akafa muna 323 BC. Nokuda basa rake vakaberekwa Genre, izvo zvinopfuura zviviri zvamakore, vanyori munochinja.

Alternative ingano: rondedzero Genre

Chinhu chokutanga kunzwisisa ndechokuti iri mabhuku sangano. Authors kushanda Genre ichi, vari kushamisika chii kudai akanga asina chaitika ichi kana kuti chiitiko. Somuenzaniso, chii chingava ano, kana Napoleon kwakaita umambo vakaguma kuvapo muna 1815?

Alternative ingano - a Genre chine chokuita nzira zvenhoroondo dzidziso. Izvi Muitiro hazvirevi kusava rakarurama mufananidzo vekare, haatendi Dzenhema mashoko pamusoro chiitiko, riri nyore vanhu ano. Books chete koka vaverengi kushevedzera kuti ubatsirwe fungidziro yako uye funga kuti chii chingadai chakaitika, nyaya enda mumwe nzira.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Alternative kufungidzira - inofadza Genre dzakatangira pamberi munhambo yedu. Zvino kuburikidza nedzidziso Titus Libya uye ake "History of Rome" yakakurumbira. Munyori, mune zvaakanyora, anotaura pamusoro chii chaizoitika redu, vachiuya Aleksandru Makedonskomu aite chinangwa chacho kurwisa Rome.

unhu Great akakwezva kufarira vamwe vanyori vanenge vakashanda Genre ichi. Somuenzaniso, Sir Arnold Toynbee, uyo akararama panguva kwezana 19-20 emakore, akasika mabasa akawanda umo "kwenguva" upenyu vaArekizandiro akatsanangura zvakaitika panyaya iyi. Munyori vaiona pfungwa imwe nyika umo guru wavarwi akanga kumbobvira kuzvarwa.

Pakati pezana remakore rechi19 vava mukurumbira chaizvo nyika pakuva, vane creators akaedza "simba" pamusoro nyaya, kufunga zvido zvavo munyika musha. Somuenzaniso, munyori wokuFrance Lui Zhoffrua akataura pamusoro nyika kuti haina kuputswa Napoleon kuti umambo. Chirungu munyori Nataniel Houtorn "vaisabvumirwa" kufa Byron uye Keats.

Zviri Genre

Alternative ingano - mabasa, izvo kubata zviitiko zvinobva kuchinja mukufamba munhoroondo kure kana ichangobva kare. Nezvechiitiko sei kukura nyika, unogona kuva chinhu, zvichienderana nechido nemunyori. Vamwe vanyori vanoda kupindira zvichaitirwa nhoroondo vatambi, vamwe kupa nzira kukura yezviitiko zvinokosha (hondo, kumukira), uye vamwe kuita kuti kupindira nechitarisiko mauto (somuenzaniso, mutorwa nechisimba). Somugumisiro, mumabhuku enyika anova yakasiyana.

Action nemabasa zvinogona kukudziridzwa kwete chete aripo asi kare kana remangwana. Vamwe vanyori kutaura zvakazoitika nokuchinja history, vamwe - sei nyika yakatanga mazana emakore akawanda gare gare. Uyewo dzakakurumbira ndiyo nyaya kuti kunosanganisira kuedza kuti magamba enyika nguva kufamba uye kupindira mune zviitiko zvekare nekuda kuchinja uku mufananidzo.

subgenres

Total rusununguko chiito - mukana kuti pane vanyori vanoshanda mu Genre ichi, kufanana renyaya. Alternative History - mirayiridzo, nokuti anopfuura zviuru zviviri makore okurarama putswa kupinda subgenres zhinji.

• Kriptoistoriya. Munyori hunoda rubatsiro remweya (zvipoko, werewolves, varoyi nevaroyi), anoronga mutorwa nechisimba. Zviito mauto aya sei nhoroondo pezvakaitwa anotanga kuva nzira nzira. Ngatitii vatorwa kukunda Pasi, vanacho varanda, vaparadzwa. Somuenzaniso, mashoko yokufungidzira "Ziso simba" kupindira muupenyu womutorwa vagere panyika, rakanyorwa Andrey Valentinov.
• Alternative nemakemikari omuviri. By kuda emunyori dzinongoitika ezvinhu panyika vari kuchinja. Somuenzaniso, kuchinja sei mhepo tembiricha. Pajoko rimwe kuchinja kukura munzanga yevanhu, pane civilizational, netsika.
• Postapokaliptika. Pasina subgenre ichi zvakaoma kufungidzira chinhu chakadai yokunyepera. Alternative chokwadi anova mugumisiro mumwe kana imwe cataclysms pose. Somuenzaniso, mumwe munyori anogona kugadzira chinhu Environmental dambudziko, hondo yenyukireya, chekorera. Panyaya iyi, iyo zvinoitika kare pashure vepasi vachapukunyuka dambudziko iri.
• Alternative jogirafi. Munyori anoita zvimwe zvachinja nzvimbo dzenyika, zvichiguma kuva uye nhoroondo dzenyika. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kuyeuka basa "The Chitsuwa Crimea" akanyorwa Aksenov. Munyori rinoratidza kuti Crimea chitsuwa kuti akabatsira Baron Wrangel kumisa yakazvimirira mamiriro.
• Steampunk. Nyaya iri vanhu vane ruzivo vari wakazviparadzanisa pachiyero 19-20 emakore.

"Key pfungwa"

Chii Inyaya vari inonyanyoshandiswa sei nzira nhema? Kurwisana Fantasy, ainyanya izvo kuti hazvina mukuru hondo chaizvo nevakawanda pakati vaverengi. The undoubted Mutungamiri Hondo Yenyika II, uye vanyori vanoda kufunga zvaungaita, umo kukunda raiva nevaNazi.

Muenzaniso unoshamisa basa rakadaro - iri yokufungidzira "The Man iri High Castle," rakanyorwa Philip K. Dick, paakavapa "Hugo". Events Kuzarurwa mune yaimbova United States, kuti chiito inotanga muna 1962. Munyori rinotaura pamusoro nyika umo kukunda muna Second World War akasiya Hitler mubatanidzwa. Germany yakava yaitonga umambo, vaiita kubvisa "akaderera marudzi".

Zvechokwadi, kwete chete vanhu vanofarira World kwepiri, vane kuitwa akasika nzira nhoroondo. Kurwisa Fantasy kazhinji kunokanganisa yehondo kwakaitika muUnited States. Uyewo yakakwirira kudiwa zvakaitika muna Russia mukutanga remakore rechi20.

Books Garri Garrisona

Kuti kuverenga vaya kufanana nzira nhema? Books Garri Garrisona dzingafarirwa mafeni vakawanda inonakidza Genre ichi. Somuenzaniso, zvakakodzera trilogy "muEdheni", achibva chinyoreso nemunyori. Ravarwi nezvishamiso sei aigona kuva nyika dai asina zvaitika kutsakatika kuchaita kuti dinosaurs, kwakaitika makore mamiriyoni 60 apfuura. Somugumisiro, vanhu yakaramba pachiyero ibwe Age, inomanikidzwa kundorwa akangwara dzvinyu, rikazadza nyika.

Kufarira zvakagadzirwa "transatlantic tanera" vakasikwa chete munyori. Mairi munyori kunoratidza kuti Britain akakunda vekuAmerica muna Hondo Independence, United States kwakaitika mukupera rechi18.

Chiizve kuongorora?

Ndezvipi zvimwe bhuku akakodzera kuteererwa nevaya vanoda renyaya? Nhoroondo Alternative runopiwa mubasa "Zvimwe Rima Fall" akasika of Campo. Mutambi mukuru - imwe akiyorojisiti, ichaendeswa kure kare. Chinangwa chimiro - kudzivisa Dark Ages yakarova Italy.

Bhuku "11/22/63" - basa umo Stiven King anogona kurarama John Kennedy. "Chikwata nguva" - kutenderera pakati Paul Anderson, apo munyori sangano pakavanda, tisingabvumiri vatorwa kubva ramangwana aregeredza kupindira munhau kukura.

Reviews

Pari zvikuru akakurumbira pakati vaverengi vanoshandisa anotevera mabasa chokuita Genre kuti "The Man in High Castle", "patrol nguva", "11/22/63." Chokwadi, pamwe chete zvakanaka wongororo pamusoro zvigadzirwa izvi kusangana uye unhu hwakaipa. Vanyori yokupedzisira nharo kuti vanyori vanotungamirirwa havaratidzi mu munhau.

Reviews uye kuratidza kuti kwemakumi emakore mberi mukurumbira ainakidzwa postapokaliptika, izvo vakawanda kuonesesa somunhu yoga Genre. MUENZANISO akabvunza chigadzirwa - "pomugwagwa Picnic".

A dzakawanda mafeni zvinotsanangurwa zvose munyaya ino mabhuku - ingano, humwewo nhoroondo.