Achiri Life - zviri ... vachiri upenyu nomukurumbira Artists. How kuzochera munhu achiri upenyu

Kunyange vanhu ruzivo unyanzvi vanoziva sei kuti kutarira kufanana ndichiri lifes. mufananidzo uyu, iyo chinofananidzira Zvinoumba chero zvemumba kana mavara. Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva sei kushandura shoko iri - vachiri upenyu. Zvino tichazvidudzira pamusoro ichi uye zvakawanda, izvo chokuita Genre.

Nezvekwakabva shoko "vachiri upenyu"

Saka, mashoko okuti zvisikwa morte nawo Russian Chokwadi, French. Sezvaunogona kuona, zvinonzi muzvikamu zviviri - ". Wakafa, akanyarara, mira" "hunhu" uye "morte", iro anoshandurwa azvaitwa se "zvisikwa, hunhu, upenyu" uye Zvino isu wedzera vakasimudza migove miviri pamwe chete uye kujairana zvose shoko "vachiri upenyu".

Inobva kumusoro, tinogona kugumisa kuti vachiri upenyu - a Genre easel kupenda, mufananidzo pamusoro kanivhasi by the artist chando, immobile zvisikwa. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva tenzi vachiri upenyu mifananidzo mukwanisi hwavo mufananidzo zvipenyu zvikuru - kungozvifunga, makonye, madandaude uye zvipembenene, uye kunyange shiri. Asi kunze chete kuzosimbisa inokosha utongi.

paumbwe Genre

Nhoroondo zvichiri upenyu hune kwemakore 600 makore. Kusvikira XVI remakore. munhu uye akanga asingazivi kuti munhu kuwana pendi zvimwe zvinhu zvisina upenyu, kunyange akanaka kwazvo. Kunyange upenyu mifananidzo, akangoti haana kurarama mumazuva iwayo. KuMiddle Ages kupenda akanga zvachose vakazvipira kuna Mwari, neChechi uye murume. Artists akapendwa mifananidzo nyaya dzechitendero, kwaiitirwawo zvikuru Portraits. Kunyange nzvimbo akaita sekamwana chinamatidzwa.

Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe zvinhu zvichiri upenyu akasangana kare muzana remakore rechi15 zviri Dutch Painters. Mifananidzo yavo yechitendero kana rengano zvetsika kugutsikana, uyewo Portraits vakawana mufananidzo nokungwarira wakavhomorwa ruva nezvishongo, mabhuku, midziyo, uye kunyange skulls dzevanhu. Kuchaitika vaviri emakore, uye nyika yose ichava kuyemura mabasa anonzi duku Dutch - vanatenzi ose vachiri upenyu kupenda.

Zvisinei, yaakazosunungurwa sezvo yakazvimirira Genre ounyanzvi yakaisvonaka vachiri upenyu asingasungirwi kuna Dutch uye chiFrench. Izvi French vemifananidzo, kufanana François Desportes, Jean-Baptiste Chardin, Jean-Baptiste Monnuaye uye Jean-Baptiste Oudry akagadzira mirayiridzo inokosha "chinangwa" painting, akaumba ayo pfungwa uye akaratidza kuruzhinji kunaka uye runako vachiri upenyu.

Small Dutch Era - maruva enyika achiri upenyu kupenda

Saka, ngationei Washington emakore mashoma apfuura kuti tinzwisise kuti duku Dutch uye nei, kana totaura dzenhoroondo vachiri upenyu, nguva dzose yeuka zviri zvavo. Dutch First vachiri lifes - vari zvisikwa Painters, vaigara muNetherlands muzana remakore rechi17. Small Dutch - atumidzwa kuchikoro kupenda uye munzanga nenyanzvi akasika mifananidzo achitaura mhuri diki saizi. Chokwadi, vakanyora, kwete chete achiri lifes.

Pakati pavo paiva zhinji nzvimbo Painters uye kudzora Genre kupenda. Mifananidzo yavo vakanga chinangwa kwete nhare uye machechi, uye kuti ashongedze musha nokuda vanhuwo vomunyika. Paaiva muduku Netherlands akanga vanenge 3 zviuru vemifananidzo, uye ivo zvakasiyana husingagumi tichikwanisa basa uye anokwanisa kutsungirira zvakanaka kanivhasi kunaka nezuva nyika. Vposledstii Vatsoropodzi vanouti Dutch Renaissance. Ndipo apo Genre ari vachiri upenyu kwakapararira.

Top Dutch vachiri lifes

On yakaisvonaka Dutch vachiri lifes, kufanana pahwindo, akaisa pamberi vateereri akasiyana-siyana kicheni midziyo, muchero, umbozha maruva, zvemumba. Zvakanga zvakakurumbira zvikuru maruva vachiri lifes. Izvi zvakanga pamwe nokuti kuti muNetherlands kwemazana emakore paiva chitendero maruva uye nekurima. Imwe dzepamusorosoro vamiririri Dutch achiri upenyu mufananidzo rechi17. ndiyo emhizha Jan Davidsz of Heem uye mwanakomana wake Cornelis of Heem.

Dzavo unyanzvi mabasa vakawana mukurumbira uye mukurumbira kunonyanya kukonzerwa kuti vaiziva sei nounyanzvi kutotaura maruva nemichero. Akangwarira nzeve kese, pamwe vepamusorosoro ruvara uye zvakakwana kuvakwa nziyo ndivaite isingaenzaniswi mufananidzo. vemifananidzo izvi akapendwa kwazvo maruva akasungwa, akamira tumabhodhoro netumidziyo akanaka, mangwana izvo kungozvifunga; nezvishongo muchero; njenjemera magirazi newaini; dhishi pamwe mazambiringa uye nezvimwe zvibereko; zviridzwa uye zvichingodaro. d. akakurumbira vachiri baba upenyu uye mwanakomana vari zvinoorora realism dzavo, wakanaka chiedza kwemashoko mutambo uye yomufaro munuhwi.

kupenda of Impressionists achiri-upenyu

We akateerera zvikuru Genre ari vachiri upenyu uye French Impressionists, uyewo postrimpressionisty. Sezvingatarisirwa, avo zvamarudzi kunyora akasiyana zvikuru kubva chaizvo duku Dutch delicacy, sezvo zimbabwe Impressionist kupenda haana kukumbira. Klod Mone, Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas, Pol Sezann, Van Gogh - vemifananidzo izvi zvose aifarira kunyora maruva uye zvinomera, nokuti vose hweunhu, runako iyo vakaimba zvose hwake.

Ogyust Renuar akanyora upenyu hwake maberere mhepo ine vachiri lifes yakanaka. Dzimwe mufananidzo "yakagwamba nechando hunhu" zvinoda Impressionists sekamwana chinamatidzwa. Somuenzaniso, muna firimu "Breakfast pamusoro Grass" Eduarda Mane ari nechekumberi unogona kuona zvikuru vachiri upenyu vakapararira nguo vakapararira pauswa michero uye nezvokudya. Van Gogh akanyora akawanda kujairika vachiri lifes. Vakawanda vanoziva ake kupenda "nemaringazuva" kana "Irises", asi achine pamatende akadai "Shoes Van Gogh" uye "Van Goga Chair" - izvi zvose sezvo mimwe vachiri upenyu kupenda.

Russian vachiri upenyu

Zvinoshamisa kuti Russia, achiri upenyu sechipo yoga Genre asina vaizviti kwenguva refu, nekuti ndinofunga rinenge vaduku pakati mhando dzose mifananidzo yakanaka, iyo haatarisiri nezivo chero kana unyanzvi paguva. yechipiri yezana XIX remakore chete. Vadzungairi Russian aigona kuti Russian voruzhinji kufarira Genre ichi ounyanzvi.

Zvadaro, vachiri upenyu kupendwa kwazvo vemifananidzo zhinji Russian. Achiri upenyu nomukurumbira vemifananidzo akadai Igor Grabar, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, Ivan Khrutsky, Konstantin Korovin anogona kuonekwa dzimba dzose Tretyakov Gallery, wokuRussia Museum, Museum of Arts Akanaka. Pushkin muMoscow, uye Hermitage. Asi ichatonga zvine mbiri chaicho vachiri upenyu kupenda kwakaitika munyika yedu iri nguva gutsaruzhinji.

Photos vachiri upenyu

With veMubatanidzwa mifananidzo iri mifananidzo nyika kuchine kwakadaro Genre sezvo pikicha vachiri upenyu. Nhasi, vanhu vakawanda vakapindwa muropa asika Photographic ounyanzvi. Vamwe mifananidzo vari zvinoorora vakakwana uye unyanzvi mifananidzo. Dzimwe nguva chete kamera Rinotarisira matarenda Artists kupfura vachiri lifes, izvo savakadzingiswa yakakurumbira zvisikwa zviri Little Dutch.

How kuzochera munhu achiri upenyu

Kuti kutanga rinorondedzera vachiri upenyu, unofanira kutanga kuti kubva dzimwe nyaya. Nokuti kutanga kuedza mu vachiri upenyu kupenda zviri nani kuita nziyo yakaoma, peya matatu zvinhu zvaizova zvakakwana.

Uyezve vachiri upenyu kuzochera nzendo. First unofanira kuita mufananidzo mu penzura kana nemarasha. Zvadaro chiedza underpainting, kuratidza dzinokosha mavara uye mimvuri sezvamunoita, uye chete ipapo tinogona mberi kuti richiswedera zvose.