64 GAZ (nemauto-nemavhiri motokari): muchidimbu, nokurondedzerwa uye wongororo

April 17 mumwe aida mota Soviet kwakasvika chinokosha zuva. Chaizvoizvo 75 apfuura, dzatakaitirwa yokutanga kumumvuri 64 GAZ - cars muSoviet yemotokari indasitiri chaiyo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pasinei pamutemo wokutanga chaizvo uye oga ari lineup vnedrozhnikom vaiona GA-61, ndiye muenzaniso 64th of Nguva kuvakwa mana nemavhiri motokari kuti Soviet akagadzirwa motokari kuti vakawanda.

Nhoroondo muchina uyu nechikoro nokuda akawanda chakaipa chimiro. Zvisinei, pane zvinofungwa nyanzvi uye kare, kuti muenzaniso ndiye plagiarism huku BRC 40, unyanzvi ichi Soviet GAZ 64 hakuna nzira zvinobatanidzwa. Makore akawanda akapfuura, vanyori venhau dzakaitika kugona kuwana mashoko chakabatsira kudzorera mufananidzo kupfuura rakakwana kukura uye pakuvaka jipi.

Kuparadzwa ngano

Gas 61, iyo akapinda basa muna 1939 gore, akaronga sezvo chikuru motokari kuti murayiro. Yatinotarisira kuti raparurwa kugadzirwa zviuru zvakawanda makopi. Asi chinhu chakakanganisika. Muna October 1940 workshop, izvo akaunganidza powertrains GAZ-11, vakapfuura vanhu Commissariat pamusoro Aviation Industry. Sezvo Red Army akagara pasina SUVs uye nemarori pasina GAZ -63.

Vaya simba anokwana zviyero zvakasara, chete zvakakwana kutsigira kugadzirwa ushori Matangi T-40. About motokari aifanira kwenguva duku kukanganwa.

Dambudziko racho ragadziriswa nenzira dzatisingafungiri. The chikuru yokuvaka kuti kure-munzira motokari GAZ akaona nyaya imwe magazini vatorwa, yakatsaurirwa Automotive misoro. Saka, nyaya yakati kuti "Ford" constructs "Pygmy" Marori kuti aende nenzira US Army. Nokudaro zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba kuti 64 GAZ anovaka pamusoro huku yokutevedzera. Nyaya akati US chirimwa zvechokwadi akaisa 70 motokari. Asi ruzivo pamusoro huku haachipo. Munyori anonyora pamusoro Ford Pigmy. Nyaya yaiva kunyange pikicha uye nokurondedzerwa. Ndicho ichi American SUV akashanda se muenzaniso kubva iyo, akazoti kopi yakaitwa - Gas 64. Kunyange zvazvo rinogona kunzi sezvo gwaro moot pfungwa. Version of plagiarism kubva "huku" zvachose padzakavakirwa.

Designer GAZ anofarira uye muenzaniso pacharo, uye bhuku anopa kuUnited States Army. Nyaya zvakataurwa pamusoro mufananidzo 30 000 makopi. Uyu mufananidzo rakakura. Uye saka muna 1941 vanhu Commissariat pakati Medium Machine anouya nezvaidiwa kunotora tsamba kumumvuri nemufananidzo muenzaniso kubva US. Zvino basa rakatanga.

Motokari yacho yakanga akashongedzerwa ane 4-humburumbira injini runobereka 42 zvapano., Four-nemavhiri, mumwe wheelbase vana 206 cm uye matai pamwe zvakawedzera maneuverability.

mamiriro

Nhoroondo GAZ 64 pamutemo kwakatanga musi February 9 panguva musangano pamusoro experimental kugadzirwa Enterprises. Zvinofanira akati kuti michina unhu uye zvinodiwa kuti SUV aigona kunyorwa kwenyaya kusvikira 22 March, apo basa rakanga anenge apedza.

Saka, zvachose Kureba SUV havachiri pane 3100 neMM, wheelbase - 2100 neMM, kureba pachiyero Hood - 970 mm. Panyaya uremu, ipapo zvakanzi dzinoongororwa 1,000 makirogiramu, mutoro waiva makirogiramu 200. Muviri rinowanikwa nokuda 4 vanhu.

kwakakwana seti

Rakanga aronga kusika matatu configuration. Nokudaro, vanonzi mukuru wokusarudza, ushori, uyewo tarakita nezvinodiwa atirari.

Kurayira bodywork phaeton. Inoita kugadzwa redhiyo. Nekuti zvakafunga ushori zviumbu vakaronga kuti muviri chete, asi panguva imwe chete ari kabhini chigadzirirwe swivel pfuti. The tarakita vaidawo kuti pamotokari.

ukoshi kubatana

Kukura wokutanga mumhuri SUV zvakaita mukuru wakachenjera Grachev. Aida ose nodes 64 GAZ vakanga yakabatanidzwa pamwe nedzimwe mhando napo. Izvi zvino kune pamwero mukuru akwanise kugadzirwa "matanhatu nezvina."

Saka, injini uye CAT avapo kubva MM kuchinjwa nyaya negasi 61 yavewo kushandiswa mushure zviduku okunatsiridza. The ekisero pamberi yavewo akatorwa panguva 61st, asi aitofanira kupedza zvishoma - akabatana uye wakaatapudza ekisero redzimba.

kuvandudzika iwayo akaitwa, uye pamusoro zambuko pakati GAZ-11. Mavhiri yakatorwa GAZ M1, uye matai - kubva GAZ A duku chikamu dzimwe nodes yatorwa kubva CMM-10.

Grachev asarudza kumutanga uye havana kuvaka muviri pamotokari uye vanya. Asi chassis yave akagadzawo tachanka pamwe cutouts, izvo akaita mashandiro pamukova. Mharidzo yokutanga haina nepokuongorora nyoro Kumbofungatira pamusoro.

miedzo okutanga

Munguva bvunzo panguva nzvimbo GAZ 64 uto -wheel nemotokari motokari, akaratidza zvakanaka, asi Michina gungano waida mamwe okunatsiridza. Muchina wacho namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye mainjiniya waongorora mamiriro dzinokosha dzakabatana. Rakanga akagumisa - a kumumvuri ane yemazuva ano kunzwisisa. Tisunungurirei yakaturikwa, akatanga kurwa. Manufacturing dzakasimbiswa kubvisa, uye jeeps vakanga mumaoko basa uye kushandiswa zvinobudirira.

patani Features

Saka, jipi ichi akasikwa pachishandiswa GAZ-61, asi vane pfupi nechimwe. The musiyano kureba 755 mm - tichiregeredza zvose-nemavhiri motokari akakwanisa kuwedzera kwayo mukana wokushandiswa uye permeability. The pfupi wheelbase akabvumira mainjiniya kufamba kubva kushandiswa zvenguva PTO mugodhi, waiva zvimwe zvinetso.

The simba Unit MM aifanira kupedza zvishoma. Motor akamuka kubva kumusoro vakatasva spars, pamwe musimboti regiravhiti haachatauri mberi.

kutadza

Soviet-nemavhiri GAZ 64 aiva matambudziko avowo. On magadzirirwo ayo isu vakagunun'una muchiuto, kana bvunzo yokuenzanisira akaedzwa pane nzvimbo - havana kuzviita. Pavakasarudza aone kana jipi dzinoshambira, chitoyi kuvatorera, uye nokuda kwaizvozvi avakanyora damning mutongo.

The huru drawback - pamberi kuturika magadzirirwo kuti sei permeability. Dambudziko akarara ari vanachandagwinyira chaizvo machira acho anogadzirwa matsime - kuti chakairovera. Ndaiva ichi kuvakwa uye zvakanaka - kumigumo inamatsime iiswe simba pasuru nembambo, dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira kusakara nemishonga.

Uyezve, haana kufanana hondo uye kumhanya kure-munzira. Nyaya iyi zvakakonzera chokwadi chokuti SUV zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "mbudzi". Izvi kwakakonzerwa pfupi wheelbase uye dampers zvakaipa. Kana zvose wakaiswa, "dauka" muchina rinomira.

Kana simba chikamu, kushanda injini, gearbox, kuchinjwa bhokisi, driveline aiva dambudziko-akasununguka. Kunyange low-yepamusoro chinotsva injini akapa nameplate chinzvimbo.

kugadzirwa

Pakutanga August 1941 batch mangé SUVs vakatanga kuuya kure kuungano mutsetse. Makopi 600 vakasunungurwa pakazopera gore. Uyewo ari chassis, "makumi matanhatu nezvina" anobudiswa motokari warrior BA-64. Apedza kugadzirwa nemamwe izvi motokari zvechiuto muna '43.

muunganidzwa ukoshi

Zvino motokari ava mashoma chaizvo. Migwagwa Kakawanda unogona kuona GAZ 69, GAZ pane 64. The mutengo jipi nhasi anenge 500 zviuru rubles, zvichienderana hurumende. Vateresi ibasa dzinodhura kwazvo kudzorera chepakuvamba chitarisiko - kune zvinetso zvikuru kuwana uye kutenga yepakutanga zvikamu uye zvinoriumba, magadzirirwo nhengo.

Popular makopi diki motokari idzi. Vanogona kutengwa zvitoro - anodzokorora chaizvo motokari yepakutanga.

Heunoi iye, mumwe Soviet "Pygmy" kana wokutanga mumhuri jipi SUV, muvambi yazvino mana nemavhiri nemotokari. Uye iwe unogona kuzviona vanogara motokari mamiziyamu kana muchivande kuunganidza.