Žil-170: nokurondedzerwa uye mapikicha

KamAZ Marori kunge vaona zvose. Uye zita muchina, pikicha iyo chinopiwa pazasi? Typical nokuti KamAZ tomu cabover configuration, uye nhatu vanhu vari mberi ... uye tsamba "žil" pamberi pakupedzisira. Kunyange zvakadaro, izvi hazvina tsaona. Zvinoratidzika sokuti motokari žil-170 - kubva "baba" motokari achibva pasuo iri Naberezhnye Chelny chirimwa (chirimwa zvakaoma kuti pagadzirwe mumarori "Kamaz") a mhando.

Chokwadi ndechokuti muenzaniso rokutanga kusvika pari KAMAZ yakagadzirwa mune imwe zvebhizimisi, uye mumazuva iwayo, apo chirimwa "Kamaz" hariko. Ndakapiwa kuti kugadzirwa Plant. Likhachev ( "žil"). Yaiva chete kambani ane haisi kuzodzokera panguva chavaigona nayo. The womuenzaniso rakabudirira, uye pashure kutanga kugadzirwa mu Naberezhnye Chelny mainjiniya vakasarudza kuti hazvina zvakakodzera kuti reinvent vhiri kechipiri. Motokari wokutanga akauya pasi ungano mutsetse, akanga anenge kufanana zviri kune motokari žil-170, pikicha izvo unogona kuona pakudzokorora uku.

wokuenzanisira nhoroondo

Asati achipfuura zvakananga rondedzero rori, tinoona kuti motokari yokutanga KamAZ akabuda pamasuwo fekitari muna 1977. Musiyano chete kuti kunogona kuonekwawo pane michina yemazuva ano, simbi rectangular headlights, nepo kwete zvishoma nomukurumbira žil-130 chiedza zvinhu kumativi.

Saka, nei munyika pakutanga Kamaz vaiva nedzimwe tsamba? History žil-170 akatanga muna 60s okupedzisira remakore, apo Moscow Likhachev Plant akapa kuti kugadzira mutsva inorema zvinhu motokari. Saka Minavtoprom akasimbisa mbiri pfungwa: wokutanga - Rori inofanira kuva Western (cabover), uye wechipiri - unofanira kumisa kugadzirwa panzvimbo itsva. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti panguva iyoyo, muti waiva chipatapata kuvandudza žil-130, uyewo mienzaniso munda kunovhenekwa 3169 kuti wakarurama kuti asangane zvose zvinodiwa Ushumiri.

The motokari aiva kukwanisa guru, kwete zvishoma pakutakura zvinhu asi raiva Soviet bonneted rori. In akatevedzana, haana kuenda. Zvichitevera muenzaniso chirimwa chinofanira kuva žil-170. Car yokusika nyaya inotanga muna 1968, apo pamasuwo chirimwa kunosiya wokutanga cabover tarakita (gare gare KamAZ-5410.) Muna 1969 akabudisa experimental shanduro Marori uye kunorasirwa marara nemarori (azvaitwa, KamAZ 5320 uye 5510). Zvegore, kuvaka chirimwa kunotanga, vakazochinja akaenda ose nebudiriro žil, pasi zita KamAZ.

The yemashoko boka idzva rokutanga vaipfeka chiratidzo pamusoro Hood hwomuti. Likhachev. KamAZ tsamba (Logo muchimiro bhiza achimhanya akaberekwa zvikuru gare gare), maererano nengano, akazviratidza apo Enea akaona dzezvifananidzo mumotokari wokutanga kubva chirimwa muna Naberezhnye Chelny. Mumwe kubva ushumiri akati muchina kugadzirwa imwe zvebhizimisi, haafaniri kutakura zita žil. Somugumisiro, Moscow chirimwa anodzoka bhoneti kugadzirwa kusarudza, uye žil-170 pasi zita KamAZ achibudiswa nhasi.

Protopip

Pashure pokugamuchira basa, chirimwa "žil" vakatengwa akawanda vokumadokero kusarudza uye pakupedzisira vakagara imwe. Ivo vakava American kugadzirwa International.

motokari kabhini itsva kuwana zvishoma rectangular kupfuura yepakutanga, ane dzakanaka pamberi fascia uye hunyambiri tenderera headlights. Chimwe musiyano kubva American kwave kwaita chigaro mabhandi nokuti mutyairi uye rimwe mutakurwi (nzvimbo yechipiri mutakurwi akanga azviratidza pamusoro Kamaz.) Kubva zvikabva zvaita atorerawo simba gozvo uye pfungwa multi-redunhu akamedura hurongwa.

simba chikamu

Muna 1969, injini chirimwa mune Yaroslavl mumwezve murayiro - kuumba uye ipapo kusunungura injini kuti motokari itsva. With injini mutsva uyu anofanira kuva simba zvakakwana - kwete marita asingasviki 200. a., sezvo motokari achaita supersize. Yaroslavl nechipiriso shanduro YaMZ-6E641, naicho mainjiniya zvave PPC YaMZ-E141. Yaiva shanduro injini pamusoro žil-170 wokutanga. The Injini aifanira kugadzira chizvarwa yechipiri muna 1970, sezvo hurongwa anoona dambudziko rakakura.

The itsva Injini womuenzaniso rori akamuka chidimbu YaMZ-740. Just seyokutanga musimboti, zvakanga 8-humburumbira Diesel injini ine Vhoriyamu 10 litres uye V- akaumbwa urongwa sepombi. Kukwanisa kwaro kwakanga 210 litres. a. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro 'Euro' zvinodiwa, ndiyo mitemo kashoma kupindura, asi muna 1970 yaiva sarudzo yakanaka kwazvo, uye ndiye ari žil-170 mumarori.

rwokugadzira unhu

vagadziri zvakapiwa ari drafting kuti: chokutanga, muchina kunge zvakakwana rakabatana, uye chepiri kunofanira kusanganisira zvose (kana zvinenge zvose) Zviitiko itsva nguva idzodzo. Mumwe izvi zvisarudzo aiva hutachiwana. Yaroslavl akanunura kwayo bhokisi 5 aimhanya. Designers vakashandisa izvozvo, asi akawedzera kuti mugoveri, zvichiguma yakawedzera nhamba aimhanya anosvika 10 The kumumvuri, uye ipapo vakawanda kugadzirwa akasimuka 10 rachulis mberi uye 2 neizvi.

mugoveri redunhu rakanga ravakwa asi nyore chaizvo - matanho 2 chete. Danho rokutanga raiva rakananga usanganidzo - sezvo kunze pamusoro mashanu, uye wechipiri rwuchiwanzwa, saka kuti zvaigoneka kuti anosanganisira 6th kwaizotevera. mugoveri iyi vakashanda neizvi divi, rimwe kukurumidza - "kubva bhokisi", uye yechipiri - kuburikidza boosting chikamu.

Axels

Uyewo, mumwe zvinhu pamusoro kuitira kwaiva kuva mwero 6x4 of 3 namatemo, mavhiri 6, vaviri tikachirega akabatana. New Zviitiko zvave pano. Okutanga nookupedzisira ekisero akanga kwavo nemotokari miseve, apo avhareji yakanga vakapakata muzinda differential.

mafuta kunwa

Mumwe zvinhu zvitsva, iro zvino apfuura ive nhaka kudangwe chirimwa chitsva - inova shoma mafuta rinodyiwa. Truck žil-170 anotora dzinokwana 34 litres muzana 100 km. zviratidzi ava nhasi pakati chepasipasi rinorema-basa nemotokari vari mukirasi yacho.

zvekunze mikana

Achitaura pamusoro kwokunze Data ari muchina, zvinokosha kufunga pakawanda. The motokari yakanga kuva rinorema-uye tsanangudzo yokutanga ndiyo ari muviri uremu matani 8 aigona kutora matani 6 nhumbi. The kumumvuri waiva flatbed rori nematende, asi pashure akaenda uye marori, uye Dump motokari. Zvisinei kunyatsotevera kukura okunatsiridza izvi wakauya kare panguva chirimwa muna Naberezhnye Chelny. Naizvozvo, kurondedzera uye tora onboard Bhaibheri. parameters Zvose žil-170 vari kuratidzwa anorimwa kukurukurwa pamusoro.

Main miganhu, izvo zvaiva zvakafanana michina zvose, tinonyora yoga. Kureba - 7435 neMM, daro kubva bhamba wokutanga vhiri centre - 1275 muziviswe mm pakati nematemo rwemberi engoro - 1320 neMM, kubva kumberi kusvika rwemberi nzvimbo - 3190 mm. Kunopindirana upamhi - 2500 neMM, pakati matai nomusi iwoyo ekisero - zvishoma kupfuura 2000 mm. Pakazoti rwemberi peya zvokubatisa yanyatsosimba - 4 vhiri rimwe.

Unogonawo kusanganisira maitiro redhiyeta grille kune kwokunze umboo pamusoro Kodzero magumo pamberi, iyo nhaka KamAZ, uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda kuti zvinodiwa dzakawanda, zvakadai lacing nechepasi retende.

mhedziso

"Žil" ndiye chete chirimwa Soviet Union, uyo kukura, usvike munyika dzinoti, akava nguva vanobudirira sezvo Somuenzaniso, zviri žil-130. Vazhinji Zvakazoitwa mhando vaiva nenhungirwa kubva huru akatevedzana (131, 132, 133 540). Saka akatanga uye žil-170. Kusunungurwa shanduro idzi ndikavakira chirimwa yose. Motokari yokutanga idzva zvebhizimisi kukura akadzokorora "žil" asi gare gare yakava yakasiyana zvachose muchina. Kunyange zvakadaro, vose vakawana kushanda kwavo indasitiri ano.