Yegor Gaidar. Biography, basa. Family Russian enyika

Nhasi, vakawanda achidedera kuyeuka kumhanya 90-s, apo mamiriyoni evanhu vaimanikidzwa kuona zvose matambudziko achichinja kubva gutsaruzhinji kusvikira capitalism. Mumwe kiyi manhamba mune zvematongerwe enyika panguva iyoyo Yegor Gaidar. Kunyange zvazvo kubva pakufa mutemo akapfuura 5 makore, vachiri kuoma gakava pamusoro zvoupfumi kuchinja kuchaitwa dzakabudirira urongwa hwavo.

Yegor Gaidar: Biography, rupi vabereki

Zita iroro Mutemo yaimbova USSR aizivikanwa ose wechikoro, sezvo mamiriyoni evana eSoviet ezero muenzaniso magamba mabhuku akanyorwa sekuru vake - Arkadiem Golikovym. Panguva Civil War akarwa panhengo Dzvuku Army, uye achishanda mune Khakassia aiva remadunhu- Gaidar. Gare gare, munyori vakamutora ave nokutora, iyo zvino akapfuura kuti mwanakomana wake kubva wanano yake yechipiri Liey Lazarevnoy Solomyanskoy - Katya, uye ipapo muzukuru wake. Saka, baba Egora Gaydara chinhu Russian chete baba vake, asi ane Jewish nemidzi amai.

Katya Abramovich akaberekwa muna 1926 uye akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna Soviet Navy, achifumira kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu Rear Admiral. Parallel izvi, iye akapiwa dhigirii rechipiri panguva rorusununguko venhau WPA pavo. Lenin, uye pashure kupedza basa rake rehondo, aishanda ari dzomupepanhau pamusoro pepanhau "Pravda" kunze. Muna 1955 akaroora mwanasikana yakakurumbira Russian munyori Bazhov - Ariadne Pavlovna, uye muna 1956 vakanga vari mwanakomana - Yegor Gaidar, Biography, nyika uye ane mabasa munzvimbo yezvematongetwo zvinorondedzerwa pazasi.

udiki

Egor Timurovich Gaydar (Biography, rupi vabereki vake here nechakare) akaberekerwa muMoscow. Sezvo yave akati, ndiye muzukuru maviri vanyori inozivikanwa. Panyaya nenyika, akafunga pachake Russian.

Pazera Yegor aiva Cuba, apo ari dzomupepanhau pamusoro pepanhau "Pravda", akanga atumwa nababa vake. Ikoko vakasangana pamwe Fidel Castro uye Che Guevara, uyo akashanyira pemba mhuri yaigara Egora Gaydara.

Muna 1966, mukomana yakaendeswa Yugoslavia, kwaakabereka kuziva mabhuku, izvo rakarambidzwa Soviet Union, uyewo Muchifukura wechokwadi, undistorted pfungwa Marx uye Shona pane zveupfumi basa.

Muna 1971 mhuri vakadzokera guru, uye Yegor Gaidar akatanga kupinda nhamba chikoro 152, riri 2 Kwapera makore akati zvidzidzo ane menduru yegoridhe. Vakapinda upfumi mano Moscow State University, jaya akatanga kudzidza kuronga nyaya iri bhizimisi, uye pashure kugamuchira dzvuku dhipuroma akaramba kuvandudza ruzivo yavo chikoro.

Career nokutsvakurudza mabasa munguva predperestroechny

Muna 1980, Gaydar Egor Timurovich akadzivirira ake miteva chinyorwa pamusoro zvigadziriswe dzokuzvinzwira mari, akatangawo Communist Party, iyo yakaramba kusvikira August 1991 kubvuta masimba gore uye akagamuchira kuparadzira muna Scientific Research Institute for System Studies.

Ikoko akatanga kushanda neboka remasayendisiti vaduku, akatungamirirwa rinozivikanwa Economist Soviet Stanislav Shatalin. Pasina Gaidar uye vaaishanda navo mubasa kuenzaniswa Kuongororwa zvoupfumi zvinhu munyika yacho mugovanisi kwomusasa, vakaumba makasimba kudavira kudiwa inokosha shanduko mune USSR.

Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, musayendisiti akasangana Anatoliem Chubaysom, uye vakavapoteredza vakaumba denderedzwa dzakafanana, vakabatana kuda shanduko zvoupfumi bhora.

Muna 1986, Yegor Gaidar muboka achitungamirirwa Shatalina hwakatamisirwa Institute of Economics of Academy of Sciences of USSR, uye vezvesayenzi somugumisiro mutemo glasnost, Gorbachev akataura, zvaibvira kukurukura nhau chokuita kugadzirira yezwi pamusika ukama.

nhau basa

Gaidar liberalizing pfungwa upfumi anogona zvakanaka kuramba asingazivikanwi ruzhinji, kana musayendisiti haana kubvuma kuti vave mutevedzeri mupepeti "Communist" magazini, uye gare gare - musoro zvoupfumi dhipatimendi rimwe pepanhau "Pravda". In iyi rake basa, iye nokushingaira anosimudzira pfungwa yokuderedza bhajeti havashandisi mari yakawanda pamusoro nzvimbo, regai kuuya zvaioneka zvikomborero. Panyaya iyi, pane kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kwayakaita sechinhu wenhau Gaidar aiva mutsigiri nezvishoma kunoparirwa kuti rungadai kuita mukati huripo mugadziriro yeSoviet.

basa rake sezvo sachigaro Hurumende of RSFSR AI

The yakakurumbira August usiku muna 1991 Egor Gaydar aiitawo kwokudzivirira White House. Ikoko vakasangana pamwe State Munyori RSFSR G. Burbulis. Last akanyengetedza Yeltsin kupa kukura kwehurongwa kwezvoupfumi kunoparirwa Gaidar boka. Muna October 1991, yakanga wataurwa 5th Congress of People kuti wevatariri, uye akanga aifarirwa nhume. mazuva anoverengeka gare gare, Gaydar Egor Timurovich akagadzwa mutevedzeri sachigaro RSFSR hurumende mutariri zvoupfumi nyaya, uye June 15, 1992 vakava kuita Prime Minister. Panzvimbo ino akaramba kusvikira December 15, 1992, uye rwakaita basa rinokosha mubasa rokusika vazhinji mamiriro masangano ari Russian Federation, akadai mutero uye rwezvemabhengi gadziriro, tsika, misika yemari uye vamwe. Panguva iyoyo nhasi, nevatsoropodzi Gaidar zvichinzi mhosva nemigumisiro yakaipa ari kuchinja vari: kuderedza vanhu vake mari, hyperinflation, kuderera mukurima, rakapinza kuderera mune avhareji nemararamiro, uyewo kukura mari kusaruramisira.

Political uye dzeparamende dambudziko muna 1993

Yegor Gaidar, ane Biography rinotaura kwete chete pamusoro nemateru, asiwo makata, haana kugamuchira kutsigirwa vevatariri ari 7th Congress of People kuti vevatariri ari kugadzwa kwake sezvo sachigaro Government. Kuramba uku kubvuma mutemo rimwe nzvimbo inokosha rehurumende, pamwe nezvimwe zvikonzero zvakaita kuti pakutanga enyika dambudziko.

Kubva December 1992 kusvika September 1993, Yegor Gaidar akanga vaiita basa sayenzi. Uyezve, iye zano Mutungamiri Russian Federation pamusoro upfumi negwaro. The wezvematongerwe enyika yaiva anokosha munguva yepamutemo dambudziko 1993, mazuva mashoma asati, iye akagadzwa Mutevedzeri sachigaro Chernomyrdin hurumende. Ndiye akabvunza Muscovites paterevhizheni uye vakadanwa kuti kuunganidza pedyo pakuvaka Moscow City Council. Somugumisiro, pausiku September 22 musi Tverskaya akazviratidza kwezvinovharidzira, uye mangwanani pakanga dutu iri White House kwakaguma mukukunda Yeltsin vatsigiri.

Nokukurumidza Zvakazozivikanwa kuti Gaidar uye Chernomyrdin vane dzinokosha kusiyana pamusoro pezvidzidzo upfumi mutemo wenyika yacho, saka Gaidar akapa ari kusiya basa rake, pashure vachitsanangura vavariro zviito yake tsamba purezidhendi.

zvimwe zvinhu

Kubva December 1993 kusvika pakupera kwa1995, Gaidar aiva mutevedzeri of State Duma. Parallel izvi, iye akananga bato "Democratic Kusarudza Russia". Munguva Chechen hondo enyika Yegor Gaidar akaita kurwisa muvengi akadana Boris Yeltsin kurega nomination yake inotevera vemutungamiri izwi. Zvisinei, pashure racho urongwa kuti rugare kugarwa makakatanwa nezvombo muBosnia, muChechnya, bato ravo vakatsigira incumbent musoro wehurumende.

misa "Union Ezvakanaka Forces" yakaumbwa muna 1999. Paakapinda bato uye Gaidar. In sarudzo dzakaitwa December gore rino, iye akasarudzwa mutevedzeri of State Duma wechitatu ungano. Panguva basa rake chepamusoro zvemitemo muviri munyika Gaidar aiitawo kukura Budget uye Mutero Codes.

rufu urongwa

Mumakore achangopfuura, upenyu Yegor Gaidar akanga zvimwe zvinetso zvoutano. Zvikurukuru, muna 2006, akaziya panguva rekuratidzwa muIreland, akaiswa kuna yevanenge chipatara omunharaunda uye akagara ikoko mazuva mazhinji. Sezvo chiitiko ichi chakaitika pazuva pashure kuziviswa chepfu pamwe polonium Alexander Litvinenko, pachaunga nerunyerekupe kuti Gaidar aivawo waitirwa kuurayirwa chigaro kuedza. It icho, asi hapana uchapupu chepfu yakawanikwa.

Egora Gaydara rufu yakaitika December 16, 2009 kumba kwake, riri mumusha nokufungidzira. Inozivikanwa Economist panguva yakanga 53 chete gore. Children Egora Gaydara, zvikurukuru, mwanasikana wake Maria, yakashuma kuti baba vake vakafa nechirwere chomwoyo. Kana vanachiremba, vari ainzi sezvo mhosva yokuzviparadzanisa nokuda thrombus.

Funeral negwaro yakaitirwa Novodevichy Cemetery. Egora Gaydara mudzimai uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri yake havana kuda kubuda pachena musi wavo, saka kuvigwa akatora nzvimbo pasina kuvapo kunze.

upenyu Personal

Kokutanga Egor Gaydar akaroora zvikuru mangwanani, aine makore 22. Vakasarudzwa-mudzidzi ari 5th weboka upfumi mano Moscow State University akava Irina Smirnova, izvo enyika akasangana aine makore 10. Sezvaakanga akazobvuma Egor Gaydar, upenyu hwake pachake munguva kudzidza chikoro uye makore Research Institute for System Studies vekare havana vakashanduka. Saka, pasinei nokuti muchato wokutanga aiva nevana vaviri, pashure pokuberekwa mwanasikana wake, akatanga kufunga nezvokurambana.

Papera nguva, Gaidar wakaita wanano yechipiri Maria Strugatsky. Saka, policies nokushamwaridzana akakurumbira Soviet renyaya munyori Arkadiem Strugatskim, akazova baba vake murayiro, uye pamwe yakakurumbira Sinologist Iley Oshaninym akauya sekuru wake. Mhuri wechipiri Egora Gaydara kusvikira parufu rwake, uye muchato uyu akanga ane mwanakomana.

Children Egora Gaydara

Sezvambotaurwa, kubva pakutanga muchato mutemo waiva nevana vaviri; mwanakomana nemwanasikana uye. Kana vabereki kurambana, musikana akagara amai, apo hanzvadzi yake - Peter - Irina Smirnova akabvuma kuchengeta vabereki yomurume, mariri vaakadana navo.

Uyezve, mudzimai wechipiri Egora Gaydara, aiva mwanakomana kubva rapfuura ukama, aiva muchato yechipiri mumwe mukomana. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1990, uye mwana anonzi Paul. Ndiye muzukuru Arkady Strugatsky uye vazukuru chibvi Arkadiya Gaydara uye Paul Bazhov.

Saka, mutemo zvose nevana vatatu chaivo uye mumwe wokurera mwana.

Maria Gaidar

Vose vana mutemo panguva yaainyanya mubereko inozviitira chinokwezva mwanasikana kumuchato wake wokutanga - Maria Gaidar. Pashure nokurambana kwevabereki vake nemakore 3 years musikana akaramba kugara naamai vake, avo pasina nguva akaroorazve. Apo Maria akaziva mugiredhi rechitatu, mhuri yakatamira kuBolivia. Pamberi rwendo, akachinja zita vomusikana, uye akava Smirnova. Pashure 5 years, Maria, pamwe amai uye vokurera vakadzokera Moscow uye akatanga kupinda chikoro chinokosha ane Spanish monyorora. zita Gaidar raMwari, iye anenge kuwana chete pazera makore 22, pashure Academy of National Economy.

Agamuchira mutemo wake dhigirii, iye akaenda kuburikidza zvakaenda shoma, wakati akashanda mudzidzisi, maneja uye mududziri kuronga, uye ipapo mwanasikana Egora Gaydara akaedza rwake somunhu TV presenter pana O2TV, uye kubvira 2008 - panguva yeredhiyo "Echo of Moscow".

Parallel izvi, Maria Egorovna kuitika enyika basa uye muna 2006 aiva nhengo Presidium of Union of Right Forces. Anogara aine oppositional maonero uye akaramba akava bato Misangano mikuru uye anofamba rakarongwa vavengi magetsi zviremera munyika.

March 26, 2009 mwanasikana Egora Gaydara akava gotwe mutevedzeri gavhuna Russian Federation, asi muna 2011 iye akazivisa yake yokurega maererano nechido mberi nedzidzo yavo muUnited States, pakutanga School of Public Administration izvozvo. John. F. Kennedy paHarvard.

Ndadzoka kubva kuUnited States, Maria akashanda kwenguva pfupi hurumende Moscow, uye ndokubva aisa mberi kune Moscow City Duma wevatariri, asi haana pamutemo izberkomom kufunga kuziva miedzo kutyorwa vari magwaro. Chisarudzo ichi akanga akumbira mudare, asi vapedzisira yakatsigira izvozvo.

Muzhizha ra2015 M. Gaidar akagadzwa mutevedzeri sachigaro Odessa remunharaunda rokutarisira pamusoro dzinoenda kuna Mikhail Saakashvili, uye gare gare vakaramba Russian citizenship.

Chinonyanya kukosha mabasa kwesayenzi

Yegor Gaidar, ane Biography zvino muzive, hapana mubvunzo, zvange munhau ichangopfuura venyika yedu. mutengo wayo ane asi kupa zvizvarwa zvedu, asi haikwanise zvitadzise zvemashoko mutemo uyu sezvo musayendisiti, vakawanda pfungwa dzakanga yasimbiswa pashure porufu rwake.

Pakati mabasa zvinonakidza zvikuru yesayenzi Egora Gaydara zvinogona kucherechedzwa:

• bhuku "State uye Evolution", kuna ukama pakati simba uye pfuma yeRussian ehurumende;
• kushanda "Anomalies pakati Economic Growth", iro paaitarisana zvinokonzera kuparara mugovanisi upfumi;
• nyaya inoti "Pamusoro kuchinja zvinhu nemasangano mari pose" uye vamwe.

Panguva iyoyo, kufarira ibasa "Fall of the Empire", zvakanyorwa muna 2006. Ikoko Gaidar akafanotaura mukana dambudziko angamuka nokuda mafuta mutengo nokufamba.