Wakaderera anoputika: ngozi zvavanenge pozi

Anoputika - moto-kufema makomo, nzvimbo unogona kutarira mukati muura enyika. Pakati pavo vane kushingaira uye nokutsakatika. Kana anoputika kubvira nguva nenguva vari kushingaira, zvino imwe kuputika yakatotsakatika hakuna ruzivo mune ndangariro kwevanhu. Uye chete nemamiriro nokumabwe kuti anyore navo, kubvumira kuti kutonga pamusoro zvavo ichivhiringidza kare.

In pakati vakarara kana wakaderera anoputika. Ivo vanoonekwa ne kusavapo kuzvishandisa basa kwemakore akawanda.

wakaderera anoputika

Kupatsanurwa wakaderera anoputika uye magetsi pane zvinodiwa chaizvo. Vanhu hungava kungwarira basa ravo isiri kure kare.

Sleepers Somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira anoputika pamusoro Africa: Kilimanjaro, Ngorongoro, Rungwe, menengai nevamwe. Kwemakomo navo akanga refu vaenda, asi chiedza kwaderera negasi richisimuka kupfuura vamwe. Asi achiziva kuti vari mapazi Huru East African graben hurongwa, zvinganzi vakafunga kuti chero nguva vanogona kumuka uye kuratidza pacharo nesimba raro rose uye ngozi.

ngozi runyararo

Wakaderera anoputika kunogona kuva nengozi zvikuru. Vari zvakanaka wakanyatsokodzera tsumo pamusoro akanyarara dziva uye madhimoni mairi. Nhoroondo yevanhu vanoyeuka nyaya zhinji, kana rinoputika, kare zvakurukurwa yakatotsakatika, kana kunyange vavete, akamuka uye vakauya dambudziko kune vanhu vanogara munharaunda navo.

The yakakurumbira muenzaniso - yakakurumbira kuputika reVesuvius kuti akaparadza kunze rePompeii, mumaguta mashoma nemisha dzakawanda. Hupenyu Pliny Mukuru, akakurumbira yekare uto mutungamiri uye zvakasikwa, waizomedurwa maererano nawo.

Akambomiswa hope anoputika

Ruiz rinoputika ari weColombia eAndes vaiona nehope 1595. Asi November 13, 1985 yokutanga iye akaramba, anobuda mugomba dzakatevedzana kuputika, mumwe akasimba kupfuura rumwe. Chando uye chando vari muzigomba uye pamusoro nemitenusirwa rinoputika, akatanga nokukurumidza zvinonyauka wezvamatongerwe simba gryazekamennye Rwako. Vakamhanyira kumupata rwizi La Gunilla uye uchisvika paguta reArmero, yaiva 40? Km kubva kuputika kwegomo. Aibuda madhaka nematombo dzakawira guta uye yakapoteredza misha hasha kukanganisa Ukobvu 5-6 m. Vakafa vanhu vanenge 20 zviuru, reArmero rava chihombe vakawanda guva. Aigona kuponeswa chete neavo vagari vari pakutanga nezvirwere wakamuka pamusoro akapoteredza zvikomo.

Release negasi kubva pokubuda napo Nyos kuputika yakauraya vanhu vanopfuura 1700 uye vakawanda mombe. Asi kare zvakurukurwa nokutsakatika. In muzigomba nyanza yakaumbwa kunyange.

anoputika pamusoro Kamchatka

The Kamchatka Peninsula - ainyanya vakawanda vanoshingaira uye kuputika kwemakomo. Yakatotsakatika vaikutora zvaizova zvakaipa, nekuti pane panogumira kudhumhana pamusoro lithospheric mahwendefa, izvo zvinoreva kuti chero basa tectonic fambisa anogona kumutsa wakaderera zvakaoma zvakasikwa.

Zvakatonyorwa refu zvakurukurwa yakatotsakatika kuputika Vasina, iri kumaodzanyemba Kluchevskoy. Zvisinei, muna September 1955, akamuka pahope dzake, kuputika, namakore gasi nemadota akasimuka kuti kukwirira 6-8? Km. Zvisinei, izvi zvakanga chete kutanga. Mazhinji kufekuka kwakanyanyisa March 30, 1956, apo pakuputika simba wakaridza, snesshy pamusoro rinoputika, pova rakadzika mwena ane dhayamita anosvika 2 km. Nokufema akaparadza miti yose ari chinhambwe 25-30? Km muruwa. A hofori gore inopisa gasi nemadota akasimuka kuti nekukwirira 40? Km! nezvimedu Fine akadonha ari madaro marefu kubva kuputika kwegomo. Kunyange chinhambwe 15 km kubva pasimba Vasina padurunhuru rukoko yaiva hafu mita.

Sezvo nezvirwere Ruiz, vakaumba Hova madhaka, mvura uye mabwe, izvo akakungurutsa kuna Kamchatka River, riri anenge 100 km.

Wakaderera anoputika pamusoro Kamchatka vane ngozi zvikuru, nokuti zvakafanana wakashata Mount reVesuvius, Mont Pelee (pamusoro. Martinique), Katmai (Alaska). Ivo dzimwe nguva pane Kuputika zvazova njodzi chaiyo muzvinhu dzine vanhu vakawanda.

Muenzaniso nezvirwere uye Shiveluch muna 1964. About simba kuputika anogona ichizotongwa kukura mwena. udzamu Its iri 800 m, uye dhayamita - 3 km. Volcanic mabhomba yairema matani 3 akapararira kusvika chinhambwe 12 km!

Kuputika kwakadaro simba munhoroondo Shiveluch kwakaitika kanopfuura kamwe. Munguva duku musha key matongo akakwanisa Chicherai imwe nzvimbo, akafukidzwa madota nematombo ane emakore mashoma apfuura, vasati vasvika Russian Kamchatka.

The kutyisidzira vanhu

Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti wakaderera anoputika kunogona kukonzera njodzi yose kuti achaparadza vanhu. Panguva iyoyo vakanga nezvazvo-refu yakatotsakatika Hofori akadai Yellowstone muna North America. Supervolcano, pashure kuputika ayo okupedzisira akasiya Caldera 55? Km kusvika 72 km riri mu "kupisa makwapa" yepasi, apo magma riri pedyo pepasi.

Uye Hofori kurara kana pedyo akamuka nyika yakawanda.

Wakaderera anoputika (Donongodzo)