Volgograd Sarepta: kare, mapikicha

Izvi zvinoshamisa nhoroondo mapurani kunzwisisa achagona kuona zvose vanouya Volgograd. Sarepta iri kumaodzanyemba kweguta. It chishamiso vakapona vaLutheran vakavaka nemisha - colonists, iro rakaumbwa uye ari rechitendero Herrnhuters.

History yeZarefati (Volgograd)

Nhasi, chikuru nzvimbo yeguta, zvose mashoko mundima uye maererano hwevanhu, ndiye Krasnoarmeysk. Asi makore 230 apfuura, nyika ino yakanga taundi duku, iyo yakavambwa vatama vachibva kuGermany. Iye ainzi Sarepta.

Muzana XVIII remakore Russian Empress Catherine II akakumbira vokwake kutora chikamu kukura shama wokumaodzanyemba muganhu kumatunhu Russia. On kudana kwake kutanga kupindura Herrnhuters vaigara Saxony. Vaiva vaKristu, uye vazukuru Moravian Brethren, uyo dzakamanikidzwa kusiya nyika yokumusha kwavo pashure kudzvinyirira pakati Hussite chimurenga. In mashomanana emakore vasati kuRussia, Czech hama pokugara muna Saxony Gerngut ugari. Panguva ino, vanhu kwavo kwakawedzera yekudyidzana. Vakanga vakabatana vanotsigira itsva.

Herrnhuters chigamuchirwe Resettlement pasi mamiriro kuti vachapiwa mukana wokuita basa roumishinari. Vaida kuunza Shoko raMwari rose kutambura, kutarisira vanorwara, varombo, nezvirema. Nzvimbo kugarwa aanozvisarudzira pakati zvinowanika zhinji. Kana zviri nguva kamwe akadana kugarwa, hama vakatendeukira kuna Bhaibheri. Vakaverenga mazwi aIshe, paakataura kumuporofita Eria, Jehovha akatuma Zarefati yeSidhoni. Mwari akaita izvozvo kuitira kuti mumba chirikadzi, iyo akamisa muporofita haana vaderera mukusatenda furawa tabhu, uye ruomba kubva muchirongo haana kudukupiswa. Izvi anoponesa mukadzi uye mwanakomana wake kusvikira parufu.

Zvichida, izvozvo ndizvo chaizvo zvinongoitika, asi Sarepta kwedu (Volgograd), inozivikanwa kuti kugadzirwa mafuta miriwo uye furawa. Kunyange nhasi unogona kuona pamusoro echiShinto mishonga pamwe zita "Sarepta".

Kugadzirwa nemisha

Makore akapfuura, munzvimbo zvakanaka. Zvinonzi zvirimwa zvakawanda vakanga wakasimwa yemichero, yemizambiringa, neminda. Sarepta yainzi imwe yakanakisisa plesieroorde kweRussia, zviri inozivikanwa kwayo madhaka dzokugezera uye chicherwa matsime. Zvaiita kuti Ishe amene akadzivirira vagari kugarwa dzakawanda uye dzinongoitika dzoga. Ndizvo chete basa roumishinari Imperial chirevo rakarambidzwa Mumakumi emakore akazotevera. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nokuti pakuparadzirwa Vhangeri chipingamupinyi kuchinjanisa zvoupfumi.

Kubva nguva ino upenyu chakatanga kupera muna Sarepta. Most Herrnhuters colonists akasiya musha, uye avo vakasara akabatana Lutheran munharaunda. Zvizvarwa zvavo zvakaparadzwa kana nhapwa Kazakhstan uye kuSiberia panguva udzvanyiriri yacho XX remakore.

Kusikwa miziyamu uye zvinangwa zvayo

Muna September 1990, Council of Vashumiri Russian Federation yakasarudza mukudenga nzvimbo chihombe panze miziyamu. Iye akabata panguva hectares shanu. The chikuru zvebasa ayo zvisikwa kwaiva achengetedze yakasiyana nhoroondo nzwisa mumadhorobha kuronga XVIII-XIX emakore. Uyewo, vakaronga kumutsidzirwa zvetsika ruzivo uye maindasitiri, National netsika dzavanhu refu rinogarwa nyika ino. Nhasi, "Sarepta" (Volgograd) - iri miziyamu, uyo maererano anotungamirira pakutsvakurudza masangano munyika. Anosimudzira tsika uye nhoroondo nhaka Russia.

The miziyamu "Sarepta" (Volgograd) basa nzvimbo yacho German, Russian, Ukrainian, wechiTatar, Belarusian, uye Kalmyk vanhu. Pano vakasikwa uye kuramba upgraded mamiriro ezvinhu ndichengetedze kwemarudzi multiculturalism yacho nharaunda, kuvandudzwa Inter-dzinza kukurukurirana uye zvavo tsika.

With yezviri kutora chikamu kwevanhu vemo vari pfupi kwenguva, miziyamu razova muridzi yenharaunda muunganidzwa ethnography, Archaeology uye numismatics. Kuzvikudza miziyamu chinhu arşive photos Fund. In kwamagwaro ake rine zvinhu kusimbisa kusiyana German kugara upenyu uye tsika nemagariro, Kalmyks uye vanhuwo zvavo Russian.

Museum "Sarepta" (Volgograd)

Nhasi, ari miziyamu-kuchengeterwa rava chikuru nzvimbo, tsika, kutsvakurudza uye methodological muzinda Volgograd. Zvino ndokwenguva nzvimbo dzinopfuura 7 hectares. On Ndima yayo 26 zvivako vakapona. 23 vavo Monuments of XVIII-XIX emakore batana kukosha. Museum "Sarepta" (Volgograd), pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya ino, rine vashandi vanokwanisa uye yakakwirira yesayenzi zvinogona, izvo zvinoita kuti kuponesa, kudzidza uye vanosimudzira nhaka vanhu Volga nharaunda.

Kirch

Mumwe mukuru mapurani nzvimbo Sarepta ndiyo chechi imwe Lutheran. It riri kuchamhembe nechepakati nzvimbo mumusha uye anotsaura musha kubva kumakuva, nokudaro uchimirira mutsetse yakanaka wakapatsanura upenyu uye rufu.

The kamuri wokutanga, rakagadzirirwa minyengetero, akanga vatsvene bhishopu Nichmanom muna 1766. Zvisinei, gare gare gore chechi akakurudzirwa chimwe chivako, izvo kare arongera gungano pamusha. Gare gare, akanga dzakabatanidzwa bapiro vapenyu kwaigara pamusoro nyuchi uye mufundisi.

Pavakwe kereke itsva yeLutheran chakatangwa muna 1771 tichiregeredza kuti nyuchi chipo chinobva Catherine II. Uyezve, mipiro hama kushandiswa. Chivako chitsva yakanga yakatsaurwa papera gore (1772).

A muenzaniso chechi yokuZarefati akashanda chechi imba Lichtenburg. Chivako ane chaizvo wakaoma mapurani maitiro. Ndiye kunoenderana canons "gerngutskogo Baroque". Kirch munhu rectangular maviri-storey chivako chine mukoko denga uye zvinenge zvisina mapurani kushongedzwa. Kwaari neruoko rumwe zvakanzi vasiyana bapiro. Paiva Apartments sachigaro nyuchi uye nevafundisi.

Pashure October Revolution pamusoro 1917 basa mukereke kwakapfuurira kwemakore anoda kusvika 20 makore. Kunyange zvakadaro, muna 1930 zvakanzi chirevo pamusoro nokuvhara payo. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi zvakaitika muna 1937. Pashure Second World War chivako rakarongwa mabhaisikopo "Kultarmeets". In redesigning neshongwe yacho yakaparadzwa, namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara muviri, akabvisa bhero, vakaisa vamwe mawindo napamahwindo. Kurutivi rwokumusoro kwaiva kuwedzera, iyo dzichengeterwe mabhaisikopu foya. Muna 1967, yemitambo yakanga yakavharwa, uye chechi iri mumba yokuchengetera zvinhu.

Nhasi, nokuti vashanyi vakawanda vachiuya Volgograd Sarepta yaisanganisira ari fanira pamazita dzinoyevedza. Vanogona kuona kuchinja rinokosha kuvaka chechi, iyo yaiva chikamu miziyamu muna 1991. Kwapera makore mana (1995) pane kwapfuura yokutanga mumakore akawanda, yakatarwa yokunamata.

nhego

Vazhinji yakasiyana zvenhoroondo Zvivako vakakurumbira Volgograd. Sarepta anotora nzvimbo akakodzera pakati pavo. Mumwe mukuru zvinokwezva zviri kuonekwa muviri kuiswa muchechi.

Akanga akapa munharaunda yeguta Vehtersbaha (Germany). chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo yake kukubvumira kuchinja evoruzhinji panguva mutambo. chechi The Lutheran kunoramba inoitwa paku nenyere Concerts. Nhasi ndiro chete remunharaunda sangano pamwe mhenyu inzwi, pasina zvemagetsi migumisiro.

Sculpture equilibr

Panguva miziyamu unogona kuona kwokufananidzira chivezwa kuti Kuwirirana - Equilibre. Chipo ichi kuguta-gamba hanzvadzi yake Cologne. It hwakagadzwa muna 2004 munguva mhemberero Mazuva German Culture.

Basa rinoitwa ibwe, munyori Rolf Schaffner - yakakurumbira muvezi kubva kuGermany. chikamu ichi chikuru anoumba zvinosanganisira zvinhu shanu. Vanongoda mumaguta mashanu European - Cologne (Germany), Cork (Ireland), Santo (Spain) Kronheyme (Norway). Zvino, murwiyo huripo Volgograd.

dzidzo basa

Nokuti vose vashanyi vachiuya Volgograd Sarepta anoita rakakura pfungwa. Uye ndichengetedze nhoroondo Zvivako kwete chete. Museum-Reserve kugara interregional misangano kwesayenzi, "denderedzwa matafura", Misangano, rinobudisa Regore yayo kwesayenzi uye pepanhau "News yeZarefati."
The miziyamu ndiyo yakanakisisa munharaunda, experimental German raibhurari basa Russian, German uye Kalmyk tsika nzvimbo.