Visual vachivavhiringidza - zvikonzero uye kudzivirira

Dambudziko kutadza kuona zvakanaka kunonyanya rikwanise nhasi. In kirasi yokutanga, mumwe mwana chechina ane chiratidzo nematambudziko, kirasi rechitanhatu - kare mumwe muna matatu, uye kudzidza - ose wechipiri. Ngationei ndedzipi rakajairika kutadza kuona zvakanaka kuvana, chii chikonzero uye chii chingaitwa kuti muzvidzivirire.

Visual vachivavhiringidza kuitika apo, nokuti chero kwezvikonzero, ziso anorasikirwa kukwanisa aro zvakakwana refraction (refraction chiedza), uye mumwe anotanga kuona zvinhu akavhiringika. Zvichienderana ichi, akazivisa wandei pakubhadhara inokosha chirwere.

myopia

In mamiriro ichi kuti vapiwe vari chete zvinhu kuti vari sezvariri panguva ruoko kuti urefu. Chimwe chinhu zvakanaka vaiona zvisingaiti, blurry, haana nzira yakajeka.

Yeziso pavarwere vane myopia kazhinji kunopfuura 5-6 millimeters, kupfuura vanhu hwakanaka. chirwere ichi kunoitika nokuda kwenguva refu uye kugara ziso epfungwa. Kana mwana ari kazhinji anofungawo kutarisa kunyatsotevera munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva midziyo, ziso tsandanyama akaora kushandiswa uye spazmiruyutsya ari mamiriro ichi. Kugona kutarisa zvakasiyana nechokure kuvakazve zvinhu akarasika zvikuru.

Pane mwero akawanda zvirwere:

- Nounyoro myopia: kusvika - 3 diopters;

- High myopia: kusvika -6 diopters;

- Zvakakomba myopia: vanopfuura 6 diopters.

Very zvakajeka kurondwa nemagene kubatwa kuti myopia. Izvi imhaka kuti muviri uye aikanganiswa ari ocular tsandanyama, izvo chakasvitswa kubva kumarudzi namarudzi.

With myopia Magirazi zvinopfekerwa zvakanaka kuona zvinhu kure mumugwagwa uye zvidiki zviri mufurati. Kana uchiverenga kana kunyora magirazi zvinofanira kubviswa.

hyperopia

Zviri mamiriro kunopesana myopia. In Kuona zviri mberi, ari pedyo chinhu, zvikuru Blurred yacho hurukuro. Saka, zvinhu kure zvinonyatsooneka. Uye pamwero wenyika Kuona zviri mberi, zviri pachena zvinoonekwa chete zvinhu pane imwe kure.

In chirwere ichi, kuti izvo nechakatsinhiwa kuti chiedza refracted haina kukwana, uye pfungwa achiumbwa kunze the retina.

Hyperopia rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana siyana uyewo pfupi-kwehurumende.

Zvikonzero parinowanika - nhodzera, kubva overvoltage, kakawanda kuzvimba, uye zera-chokuita nokuchinja yeziso.

Kana Kuona zviri mberi Magirazi zvinopfekwa kuverenga uye kunyora, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko hazvina kudiwa, kana ukuru hosha haina guru chaizvo.

astigmatism

Izvi ziso vachivavhiringidza voznkayut kana yakavhiringidzwa idenderedzwa Maumbirwe cornea. Akabva yakabereka zvakasiyana radii, riri sei chiedza refracted panguva dzakasiyana pamakona. Kana astigmatism ari kuchengetwa zvose myopia uye hyperopia uye zvakajairika chiratidzo. Panguva iyoyowo murwere anoona akawanda contours zvinhu panguva iyoyo.

Kusiyanisa corneal uye lenticular astigmatism - zvichienderana chii chikamu ziso riri akaremara.

Nokuti mwana kunhonga dzinokosha magirazi uye lenses, vakaitwa kufungisisa kuonekwa nomumwe pamusoro astigmatism.

Kakawanda chirwere ichi Rinobatanidzwa nhaka uye vachiberekwa nemamiriro ziso.

Kudzivirira kutadza kuona zvakanaka muvana.

Kudzivisa kutadza kuona zvakanaka hakuna kuoma. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kutevera vamwe mitemo uye unyanzvi.

- kutanga yakafanana kudzivirira kunogona vachiri paucheche. Kuti aite izvi, ugoisa rira manyoro, yellow uye Orange mavara ari masendimita 30 kubva pameso nomwana. Zvinobatsirawo kuti kutyaira chitoyi pedyo uye mberi kubva mwana, saka akadzidzisa maziso yakataura panguva dzakasiyana akareba.

- TV uye kombiyuta kunonyanyisa muganhu. Maererano dzemunharaunda, preschooler anogona kupedza pazviri hapana anopfuura 40 maminitsi pazuva, rimwe mudiki chesekondari - kwete kupfuura kweawa, uye vana makore 10 - maawa anenge mumwe nehafu. Muchiitiko chino, maminitsi 20 ose zvinokosha kuti hwatsvuka duku ziso muviri.

- mwana anofanira kufamba panze hafu kune maawa maviri pazuva kupa muviri pamwe zvakakwana okisijeni.

- Ivai nechokwadi chokuti mwana anogamuchira ose anodiwa mavhitaminzi uye zvicherwa utano. Kuona, kunyanya, rinokosha mavhitaminzi A uye C.

- Do pachako uye kudzidzisa mwana wako kuti nyore kuona nokuchengeta, saka ivo chokutyira maziso uye kusimbisa ziso netsandanyama.