Vagari veOmsk dunhu: nhamba, maitiro emarudzi, kuverengwa kwevanhu

Vagari venharaunda yeOmsk nhasi vane vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni maviri. Kutaura zvakajeka, kune mamiriyoni 1 972 000 682 vanhu. Iyi ndiyo data ye 2017. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura yeSiberia, iyo mumakore achangopfuura yakakwanisa kukurira maitiro ekuderera kuderera muhuwandu hwevagari vemo. Nhamba yevanhu veOmsk mumakore mashomanana apfuura yatanga kuwedzera.

Omsk Region

Vagari venharaunda yeOmsk mumakore mashomanana akapfuura vari kuderera gore negore. Nharaunda iyi yakava nekubuda kwevagari vemo munharaunda yacho uye republic zvine maonero akanaka uye mamiriro ehupfumi.

Iyi nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba kumadokero kweSiberia. Guta guru ndiro Omsk, umo mune zvishoma kudarika mamiriyoni 100 vanhu zviuru zvuru.

Iko kushandiswa kukuru munharaunda iyi kuvaka nekutengeserana. Iyo mhizha inomiririrwa nehondo uye zvekurima magetsi, petrochemical uye zvokudya zvekudya. Hakuchina zvivako zvemasimba makuru munzvimbo iyi.

Munguva yeSoviet Union, kunyanya kuma1970, Omsk Region yaiva imwe yenzvimbo dzakagadzirwa zvikuru dzeSiberia. Mukuderera uko nzvimbo iyi nhasi, vazhinji vanopomera gavhuna wayo Leonid Polezhaev, uyo akatungamirira nzvimbo kubva muna 1991 kusvika muna 2012.

Nyanzvi dzinocherechedza kuti nzvimbo chaiye yehupfumi iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa. Chimwe chezvikonzero ndechekubuda kukuru kwevanyanzvi vanoziva kuTyumen neNovosibirsk, iri pedyo.

Nhasi, nzvimbo yeOmsk iri kukura. Panguva imwecheteyo, haina zvigadziriswa zvekukwira zvakasimba, asi inogona kubudirira nekuda kwekufambisa kwakakwana kweSiberia yose. Zvigadzirwa zvaro zvinokosha ndezvevhu, injiniya uye petrochemical production.

Nzvimbo yedunhu

Nharaunda yeOmsk nzvimbo inopfuura 141 makiromita makiromita. Iyi inenge 1 muzana yenyika yose.

Maererano nechiratidzo ichi, nzvimbo iyo nyaya ino yakapihwa inotora nzvimbo ye 28 munyika. Pakati peRepublic of Bashkortostan uye neOrenburg. Kana tikafungisisa chete Siberian Federal District, ipapo nzvimbo yeOmsk inotora nzvimbo yechinomwe munzvimbo iyo, shure kweKrasnoyarsk, Altai neZabaikalye, Irkutsk, Tomsk neNovosibirsk, nzvimbo dzeBuryatia neTyva.

Population population

Vagari venharaunda yeOmsk muna 1959 yaiva mamiriyoni 645 zviuru zvevanhu. Dhaka yakadaro inopiwa neAll-Union Population Census. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga yakarurama yakaenzana nenyaya yekuwanikwa ino.

Mune ramangwana, vanhu veOmsk dunhu vairamba vachiwedzera. Pakazosvika 1987, yakapfuura chiratidzo chemamiriyoni maviri evanhu. Chiratidzo chikuru chakasvika muna 1993. Zvadaro munharaunda yeOmsk yaigara mamiriyoni maviri uye vanenge 169 zviuru zvevanhu. Mushure meizvozvo, nhamba yevagari vemo yakatanga kuderera gore rega rega. Muna 2010, vagari vomunzvimbo yacho vakanga vari pasi pemamiriyoni maviri evanhu.

Yakanga ichangobva kugone kugadzirisa mamiriro aya. Muna 2015 bedzi. Kuverenga kwevanhu vemuOmsk kwakaratidza kuti kwekutanga kokutanga mumakore gumi nemaviri kwakange kuri kuwedzera munharaunda, uye kwete kuderera kwenhamba yevagari vemo. Mumakore maviri anotevera, chizvarwa cheOmsk nzvimbo haina kukosha, asi ichiwedzera. Muna 2017 zvakare pakanga pane imwe kuderera.

Dunhu reNharaunda yeOmsk

Munharaunda yeOmsk mune zvikamu 32. Iko huru ndeye Omsk, Tarsky uye Tavrichesky.

Vagari vomuOmsk dunhu kune vanhu vanopfuura 100 000, iyo nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mumusha weRostovka. Vanenge 45 mamiriyoni vanhu vanogara mudunhu reTarsky (inzvimbo yehutungamiri muguta reTara), uye muTavrichesky-vanenge vanhu zviuru makumi matatu (nzvimbo yekutarisira mumusha unoshanda weTavricheskoe).

Kutaura kwakasiyana kunoda musha weZnamenskoe Omsk nzvimbo. Iyi ndiyo nharaunda yedunhu reZnamensky. Nzizi dzakawanda dzakakura dzeSiberia - Irtysh, Osh, Big Aev, Big Nyagov naShisha - vakaisa mukati maro kamwechete.

Musha weZnamenskoe mudunhu reOmsk muenzaniso wakajeka wekugadzirisa mungozi. Kana kusati kwave neHondo Yenyika Dzakakurumbira vanenge vanenge zviuru makumi mana vanhu vaigara munharaunda iyi, nhasi kune vanenge 11 500 vavo vakasara. Panguva imwe chete muZnamenskoe vanorarama zvishoma kune vanhu zviuru zvishanu.

National composition

Iyo yakarongeka yenyika yeOmsk nzvimbo yakasiyana zvikuru. Kune marudzi 35 munyika. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvose munharaunda yenharaunda ino inogara upenyu hweRussia. Nhamba yavo ine 85% yehuwandu hwevanhu vanogara munharaunda yacho.

Munharaunda dzose dzeOmsk, nzvimbo yeRussia inomirirwa muhuwandu hwakazara. Mune zvimwe, chiyero ichi chinodarika 90%. VaRussia vashomanana vanogara muPavlograd weruwa - 52% chete. 24% yevaUkraine uye 16% veKazakhs vanogarawo pano.

Vanhu veChuvash veAmsk munharaunda ndeimwe yegumi diasporas yakakura munharaunda. Maererano nehuwandu hwekuverengwa kwevanhu, vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu Chuvashes vanogara munzvimbo ino yeSiberia. Uyewo pakati penyika gumi dzakakwirira, kuwedzera kuRussia, Ukrainians, Kazakhs, Germans, Tatars, Armenian, Byelorussians, Azerbaijanis uye Ubeks.

Panharaunda yenharaunda iyi kunewo nyika dzisina kufanana seFinnns (vanenge 200 vanhu), vaGiriki (vanenge 500 vanhu) uye vaChina - vanenge 800 vagari.

Zvitendero zvakagadzirwa

Sezvo huwandu hwakawanda hwevagari vemo munharaunda idzi ndiRussia neUkraine, chitendero chikuru chinonzi Orthodox. Panharaunda yeOmsk munharaunda mune nzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzakakurumbira pakati pevaKristu vanofambira.

Imwe imba yevatongi veAkaya inotangwa muna 1890 imire zvakasiyana. Upenyu hwakanyarara hwamatari hwakaputsika nekuuya kweSoviet simba. Panharaunda yemunharasi, imwe yemakoloni eGulag yakatangwa. Yaiva nevanhu vane chiuru nenguva. Vasungwa havana kutombofanira kupfura. Vakangofa nemamiriro ezvinhu asingatambudziki, nzara uye kutonhora.

Mumusha weBolshekulachye uri muSt. Nicholas Monastery. Temberi yekutanga munzvimbo idzi yakaonekwa pakati pezana remakore re XVIII. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 kereke yebwe yakavakwa. Asi rakaparadzwa pakarepo mushure mekukunda kweChitto Revolution. Kudzorera chivako cheimba yemamiti yakatora muna 1988. Basa racho rakapedzwa pakati pemakore ekuma90. Nhasi iyi ndeimwe yepamusoro yeOrthodox tsvene munzvimbo tsvene. Mariri munhu anogona kuona uye kunamata zvidhori uye Theotokos kupa Upenyu.

Munharaunda yeMaryanovsk munharaunda yemusha, Tatyanovka nhasi inoshanda muStastra Monastery yeSt. Maererano nenyaya, iyo inozivikanwa kusvika zvino, yakavakwa naamai Varvara. Akaenda kunogara mumatanda, aigara muchikepe uye akanyengetera pasina. Chokutanga, chikamu chematanda, akazvivakira. Yakazogadzira chechi.

Kudzorerwa kwevaOmsk vagari

Vose vagari venharaunda yacho vakapatsanurwa mumaguta matanhatu, 21 vashandi vomunharaunda uye misha yekumaruwa. Ikupedzisira inopfuura imwe nehafu hafu.

Mune guta guru renharaunda yacho, guta reOmsk, vanopfuura 55% yevanhu vemuSiberia vanogara zvachose. Munharaunda ino, iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kukwirira yevagari vepakati penharaunda, iyo inofananidzwa nedzimwe nzvimbo.

Chaizvoizvo, misha iripo iri pamwe nemakwikwi ekutakura mitambo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kuTrans-Siberian Railway, iyo inoparadza nzvimbo kubva kumadokero kusvika kumabvazuva, uyewo Irtysh River huru yezvi nzvimbo idzi, inoyerera kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuchamhembe. Nokudaro, inosvika kune rumwe rudzi rwekutakura mutambo. Iye, nenzira, inoratidzwa panguvo yezvombo zvenharaunda yacho.

Kubereka uye kufa

Kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvakadaro sezvo kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa munzvimbo yeOmsk kwakatanga muna 1970. Zvadaro kune vane zviuru zvese vanogara vanenge vanenge vana makumi mapfumbamwe vakaberekwa. Ichi chiratidzo chakakura kusvika muna 1985, apo yakave kusvika vanenge makumi maviri vachipfuvura kune vagari vane chiuru. Ipapo akabva atanga kuwira zvakasimba. Pakazosvika 2001, 8.5 vagari vatsva chete vakaberekerwa vagari veOmsk vane chiuru.

Kana tikataura nezvekufa kwehuwandu, ivo vari kukura vasingatyi kubvira muna 1970. Nevanenge vanenge 8 vakafa kune vagari vane chiuru kusvika 15.5 muna 2005. Mumakore mashoma apfuura, nhamba idzi dzave dzakwanisa kugadzikana. Uye kufa, kunyangwe pamwero muduku, asi kunowira. Maererano nehuwandu hwemashoko, vanhu vashoma vanopfuura 13 vanouraya chiuru chimwechete vagari veOmsk munzvimbo gore negore.

Lifespan

Upenyu hutariro munzvimbo iyi hwakatanga kunyorwa muna 1990. Zvadaro yakanga yava makore makumi manomwe. Kusvikira muna 1994, tarisiro yehupenyu yakaderera zvakanyanyisa, inosvika makore anenge 65 nehafu.

Kubva pakati pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu yakatanga kukura zvakare. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, kuve kune kuwedzera kwemaitiro kune kuwedzera kwemavhareji tarisiro yehupenyu munzvimbo yeOmsk. Maererano nehuwandu hwemashoko, iyi nhamba inenge makore makumi manomwe. Izvo zvaiva muna 1990, apo nhamba dzakatanga kutungamirira.

Nhasi, nzvimbo yeOmsk inosangana nezvimwe zvinetso nekukura kwevanhu, sezvo nhamba yevanhu vanobva munzvimbo iyo inodarika avo vanosarudza Omsk senzvimbo yavo itsva yehupenyu.