Vagari India uye China: pamutemo mashoko uye Zvaifungidzirwa. China neIndia raMwari wevanotungamirira negwaro

Vagari India uye China iri kuwedzera nokukurumidza ose gore. Panguva iyoyo, nhamba yevanhu vanogara Pasi anenge mabhiriyoni 7,2. Zvisinei, sezvo nyanzvi UN kufanotaura kuti kubudikidza 2050, nhamba iyi yaigona kusvika $ 9.6 billion.

Countries hwenyika rinezvigaro vanogara zvinofungidzirwa muna 2016

Funga kunyika 10 apo vagari ndiye soro munyika, sezvo mugore 2016:

1. China - vanenge mabhiriyoni 1,374.
2. India - vanenge mabhiriyoni 1,283.
3. United States - 322 694 000.
4. Indonesia - 252.164.000.
5. Brazil - 205 521 000.
6. Pakistan - 192 miriyoni.
7. Nigeria - 173.615.000.
8. Bangladesh - 159.753.000.
9. Russia - 146 544 000.
10. Japan - 127,130 mln.

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva pamazita, ivo vanhu India uye China ndivo kupfuura vazhinji, uye vanopfuura 36% yose nyika munharaunda. Asi UN nyanzvi ripoti, asi wevanotungamirira mufananidzo muna muna2028 zvichachinja yekudyidzana. Kana ikozvino anotungamirira ndohwake China, ipapo pashure pemakore 11-12, vanhu India vachava kupfuura China.

pashure pegore, mune imwe neimwe munyika idzi akafanotaurwa uwandu vanhu mukati bhiriyoni 1.45. Asi kumhanya hwevanhu wokukura China achaita havadi, apo kuIndia, vagari kukura kuchapfuurira kusvikira 50-ies rino remakore.

Ndeipi yevagari arambe achirema mu China?

Vagari China muna 2016 vanhu 1.374.440.000. Pasinei guru nzvimbo munyika, China haasi dzine vanhu vakawanda. Vakazopinda the Chinese vanhu gogonera nokuda vanoverengeka munharaunda zvinhu. The paavhareji vagari arambe achirema 1 mativi kiromita vanhu 138. Inenge chete chokupika dzakabudirira European dzakadai Poland, Portugal, France uye Switzerland.

vagari India nokuda 2016 idukusa muna China, vanenge mamiriyoni 90, asi ayo arambe achirema ndiyo 2,5 nguva yakakwirira uye anenge 363 vanhu por 1 mativi kiromita.

Kana Chinese nharaunda isina chose kugadziriswa, nei nezvei overpopulation? Zvechokwadi, paavhareji Data havagoni kuratidza rose zvinoreva dambudziko. In China, pane nzvimbo apo vanhu arambe achirema 1 mativi kiromita zviuru, somuenzaniso: muHong Kong nhamba iri 6,500, nepo Macau - 21 000. Ndechipi chikonzero chiitiko ichi? Kutaura zvazviri, vakawanda vavo:

• okunze;
• nzvimbo yomugariro imwe ndima;
• The upfumi chezvinonhuwira nomumwe nharaunda.

Kana tikaenzanisa India uye China, nharaunda wechipiri wehurumende iri zvikuru. Asi kumadokero uye kuchamhembe kwenyika chaizvoizvo isingagarwi. In mumatunhu aya, izvo zvinokonzera vanenge 50% of nharaunda yose nyika, musha 6 chete% vemo. Zvinenge dongo vaiona kumakomo Tibet uye Takla Makan uye Gobi.

vanogara China muna 2016 mune rimwe guru nhamba kusimbiswa yakaorera nzvimbo munyika, iyo kunyenga North China Plain, uye pedyo zvikuru waterways - the the yangtze uye Pearl River.

Guru pakukura China

maguta Huge nemamiriyoni nevagari ndezvenguva nokuda China. The Kudeuka mumaguta ndiwo:

• Shanghai. Muguta rino, kune vagari mamiriyoni 24. It riri mu pakukura pachiteshi munyika.
• Beijing - ndiro guta guru China. Heino hurumende hurumende nemamwe masangano chourongwa. Guru musha vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 21.

Nokuti kumaguta makuru ndiwo Harbin, Tianjin uye Guangzhou.

Chinese People

The chikuru Chikamu vagari Middle Umambo Han nyika (91.5% of zvachose population). Uyewo ari munharaunda China musha 55 vemarudzi vashoma. The kupfuura yakawanda aya:

• Chuang - 16 miriyoni.
• ChiManchu - 10 miriyoni.
• Tibetans - miriyoni 5.

Small vanhu Loba haina vanhu vanopfuura 3,000.

The chinetso chigadzirwa Software

Vagari India uye China ndivo kupfuura vazhinji munyika, iyo ndokusaka pane kukurumidza dambudziko zvokudya zvokudya munzvimbo idzi.

In China uwandu nyika arable iri anenge 8% yose inowanwa nzvimbo. Muchiitiko chino, dzimwe nzvimbo munyika kusvibiswa dongo uye kukodzera kuti kurimwa. Mukati dambudziko munyika chikafu haagoni kugadziriswa nokuda Tichitarisa pokushomeka kwezvokudya. Naizvozvo, Chinese vanoita vari achitenga yakawanda zvokurima uye chikafu mabasa, uye kutora rendi ivhu rakaorera mune dzimwe nyika (Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan).

anodana chisarudzo utungamiri reRepublic ndiyo zvakananga zvinobatanidzwa. Chete muna 2013 yakanga yashandiswa mabhiriyoni 12 emari kuti kutenga zvokudya indasitiri pose.

Vagari India muna 2016 vakapfuura mabhiriyoni 1,2, uye paavhareji arambe achirema ichiwedzerwa kusvika vanhu 363 chete 1 mativi kiromita. Izvi nhamba dziri yekudyidzana kuwedzera mutoro pamusoro cropland. Zviri zvakaoma kupa zvokudya vazhinji, uye dambudziko iri richiwedzera kuomeswa rimwe gore. Vakawanda vanogara muIndia anogara pasi urombo mutsetse, hurumende ine vaite vemo mutemo kuti zvimwe itibatsire mamiriro ezvinhu. Kuedza kumisa kufambira kukura vemo akasuma kubva pakati rokupedzisira remakore.

Wevanotungamirira wokuti China neIndia zvainanga yokudzora kukura nhamba yevanhu vari munyika idzi.

Zvinoumba wevanotungamirira negwaro iri China

Overpopulation pakati China uye kuramba kutyisidzira chigadzirwa uye zvoupfumi vakamanikidza Hurumende kuita matanho kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana. Kuti izvi zvidaro, isu akakudziridza chirongwa pamuviri. Wakatangwa kukurudzira hurongwa kana akura chete 1 mwana mumhuri, uye vaya vaida kutenga vana 2-3 aifanira kubhadhara chakazvibata fines. Haasi munhu wose munyika anogona kuuya nacho yakadaro. Kunyange zvazvo vashoma utsanzi haingasviki kupararira. Vakabvumirwa nevana vaviri uye dzimwe nguva matatu.

Kuwanda varume China chitonge munhukadzi vakawanda, saka kuberekwa vasikana kunokurudzirwa.

Pasinei ose zviyero ashandiswe neHurumende, dambudziko overpopulation yasara unsolved.

Kutanga wevanotungamirira mutemo pasi sirogani "imwe mhuri - mumwe mwana" kwakaita kuti migumisiro yakaipa. To musi, China yave rwacho kukwegura, kureva, vanhu vakuru makore 65, pane vanenge 8%, panguva mwero 7%. Sezvo pasina mamiriro mudyandigere hurongwa, nehanya mapopoma vakwegura pamafudzi vana vavo. Zviri kunyanya kuomera vanhu vakura vanogara pamwe kana havana vana vavo vakaremara.

Chimwe chinetso chakakomba ndiye China chechikadzi kusaenzana. Kwemakore, nhamba vakomana vakawanda kudarika vasikana. 100 Vanhukadzi chakaita kuti varume vanenge 120. Zvikonzero matambudziko akadai anokonzerwa zvepabonde zviri mudumbu kuziva nhengo iri trimester pamuviri uye vakawanda pamuviri vokutanga. Maererano nenhamba zvinofungirwa kuti mumakore 3-4 nhamba bachelors munyika kuchasvika mamiriyoni 25.

Wevanotungamirira Policy mu India

Mumakore okupedzisira remakore nhamba vanhu China neIndia rakura dzimwe nguva, nemhaka iyo dambudziko kwekuronga munyika idzi mhuri kuroorana panguva mamiriro pamwero. Pakutanga, chirongwa hwevanhu mitemo zvaisanganisira yokuronga kuti dzikurukure zvakanaka mhuri. Pakati dzakawanda dzichiri kusimukira India mumwe wekutanga ndokutora zvakafanana mubvunzo. Chirongwa kwakatangwa muna 1951. Kuti kudzora kuberekwa zvazvingava, nzira idzi uye mbereko, rakanga raitwa nokuzvidira. Men dzinobvumirana zvakadaro kuvhiyiwa, kukurudzira States kupa mari mubayiro.

Male vagari dziwande koshesa pamusoro munhukadzi. Sezvo chirongwa raiva basa, izvozvo akasungirirwa muna 1976. Vanhu vaiva nevana vaviri kana kupfuura, dzakamanikidzwa mbereko.

Mune 50s remakore rapfuura muIndia vaibvumirwa kuroora vakadzi makore 15 uye vanhu makore 22. Muna 1978, ichi mwero wakati yakawedzera kusvika makore 18 uye 23 azvaitwa.

Muna 1986, ruzivo China pocherpnuv mu India zvazvingava yakaiswa vana 2 chete mhuri.

Muna 2000, kuchinja vakaitwa kuti wevanotungamirira negwaro. Main pari kusimudzira kuvandudzika kuti mararamiro emhuri nokuderedza nhamba yevana.

India. Major mumaguta uye marudzi

Mumaguta makuru munyika ndiwo musha kusvika chetatu Indian vemo. ndiro rakakura mumaguta:

• Bombay (15 ppm).
• Calcutta (13m).
• Delhi (11m).
• Madras (6 m).

India - a multiethnic nyika, musha vanopfuura 2,000 siyana vanhu uye mapoka emadzinza. Wekumusoro vakawanda vari:

• vaHindu;
• Bengalis;
• Marathi;
• Tamils nevamwe vazhinji.

Nokuti marudzi maduku dzinosanganisira:

• Naga;
• Manipuri;
• Garo;
• miso;
• tiper.

About 7% vemo ndezvaJehovha marudzi shure, zvichitungamirira anenge chinyakare mararamiro.

Sei muIndia wevanotungamirira chezvawanyora zvishoma kubudirira pane China?

zvinoitwa India uye China Socio-upfumi vari rakasiyana mumwe. Izvi imhaka akundikana uye wevanotungamirira nomutemo wemadzimambo vaHindu. Funga chikuru zvinhu nokuti risingagoni yekudyidzana kukanganisa kukura vokuparidzira:

1. Mumwe pavatatu vanhu India vanoonekwa kuti murombo.
2. padanho dzidzo zvikuru pasi munyika.
3. Zvaidiwa siyana nevanhu vezvitendero.
4. Early muchato maererano tsika eMillennial.

Most dzinonakidza ndechokuti muna kworuwa kwouwandu hwevanhu yakaderera munyika. Iyoyo iri nezvenzvimbo vakadzidza zvikuru. vanhu kuverenga 91%. Nekuti mukadzi ose munyika ine 5 vana, apo vagari Kerala - zvinenge zviviri.

Nyanzvi dzinoti kuti 2 Makore vanhu India uye China achava nehasha chete.