The tsika remakore rechi20 rive pakaunda pakunamata uye materiality

Zvichienzaniswa yapfuura eras, tsika remakore rechi20 aiva maruva rinoshamisa. The Kukura nokudzika Zvakawanikwa itsva dzinenge minda zvose ounyanzvi (science, mabhuku, kupenda uye zvichingodaro.) Vakanga dzinokatyamadza. Zvisinei, pamwe kwaita vazhinji kwesainzi, nzanga akatonyanya uye zvinhu zvakawanda. A Tenzi Education, akavapindurawo, ndizvo zvikuru mwoyo nepfungwa yokuti vanhu yakatsiva dzayo pakunamata pamusoro chaiye, kutadza kunzwisisa nyika uye pachavo.
Kukura sayenzi zvakakonzera kuti ruzivo yava rinoparadzirwa kuburikidza hurukuro uye periodicals. The chidzoke rwokuzvarwa nesayenzi revolutionized kunzwisisa vakawanda kwouzivi dzidziso, ndokusaka vateveri Marxism uye pfuma akava zvishoma uye zvishoma. Saka, tsika remakore rechi20 zvikuru achinja kukosha kwayo pasango zvokunamata.

Vamwe vanhu okusika mauya kuzoona mabasa ake, zviitiko uye manzwiro munhu kudanwa kupukunyuka kubva pakunzwa chokwadi mu kurota uye zvitendwa. Izvi kuitika mune inonzi decadence. Paivawo imwe itsva kuitika - modernism, iyo anodzivisa dzenhoroondo aesthetic ruzivo rwevanhu, tichiratidza yemunyori kuzviitira maonero. Chinangwa chake chaiva kuda kwacho, utsanzi chanhasi rwokugadzira kuita. Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe vanyori kuenda mhiri ichi uye akanyevera vaverengi nezvengozi nyika nevanhu. Modernism ndiyo sangano zvakaoma uye vaiva munzvimbo dzakawanda (futurism, Chirevo, etc.), Vari ndaramba chaizvoizvo unyanzvi. Asi hatigoni kutaura kuti tsika remakore rechi20 zvachose kurega kutevera tsika. Part of unyanzvi akaramba akatendeka kuna realism, iro zvechokwadi uye kwakarurama vakatsanangura kunzwisisa nhoroondo yacho. Dzimwe zviri kuitikawo uyewo inoshora modernism, kudzivirira tsaru dzemitemo. Akaramba basa rayo uye vatenzi chikuru shoko, akadai Chekhov, NdiTolstoy, Gorky. Izvi uye zvimwe inofananidza rechi20 tsika remakore makaita rakakura dzekare mabhuku.

Modernism yakabuda mune zvinhu hwemashiripiti. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, paiva nomumwe zvakawanda chinhu - "chains-garde". Rinoreva yakasiyana dzinokura zvikoro kuti vanoshora tsika nemitemo nemirayiro (ari runako, ruvara, Zano), vanouya ano uye yepakutanga. The kukonzera wakanga utsanzi uye kuvandudzwa.

Zvokuridza tsika remakore rechi20, zvakare, Zvisinei ndavhiyiwa vamwe kuchinja, ukaramba, vamwe chamazuva pamwe weclassical. The kufarirwa zvokunamata chakaziviswa Vanyori (Rimsky-Korsakov, Rachmaninoff, Scriabin) ari lyricism nemabasa avo. Rapprochement pamwe Mutsika dzimwe nyika zvishoma nezvishoma vakaumba pakutevedzera zvachose itsva.

Kazhinji, tsika Russia mukutanga remakore rechi20 yakanga kunzwisisa tsvakurudzo kwouzivi vakanga rairatidzwa dzakawanda dzenzvimbo, rimwe nerimwe akaisa mberi yayo maonero enyika uye zvinangwa zvaro.