The parasitic honye: mifananidzo, ngozi uye kuzvidzora matanho

Vazhinji kwemarudzi ezvinhu zvipenyu zviri panyika yedu kwemazana emakore uye zvemakore, vakatevera nzira shanduka uye zvipenyu mberi. Zvisinei, pane vamiririri dzomusango kuti kubudirira zvikuru kubudirira nenzira yakasiyana zvachose - kana kubva atanga anoitwa musangano. Izvi zvakaitika sei uye sei kunogona kubatsira? Zvakaratidza kuti chinhu inodiwa zvimiso maitiro parasitic mararamiro. Zvikurukuru wakanyatsokodzera chinangwa upenyu vamwe dzakakwanisa siyana marudzi nehonye - helminths, izvo tozotaura mberi.

Sechivako parasitic Makonye

By helminths kana parasitic makonye, kusanganisira zvipenyu zvakadaro kuti akaderedzwa kugara mhuka nezvimwe zvisikwa, kusanganisira murume, nekuisa basa chakakomba kukuvara utano uye kunyange upenyu wehondo upenyu. Mumwe parasitic honye anokwanisa kushandura pamusoro upenyu kunoita anoverengeka wehondo. Zvakakodzera achengetedze simba uye kupona mazai, kureva mwana ramangwana.

Chokwadi, boka rimwe nerimwe rine vamiririri vayo avo, akavapindurawo, rusununguko zvinhu kusiyanisa kubva nemumwe uye kubvumira tupukanana kuti nemamwe. Zvisinei zvinobvira govera zvakafanana maitiro akawanda akadzadzwa ose parasitic nehonye.

1. Nemamiriro muviri une nhengo, achishumira yakanyatsoti pahondo muviri. Mienzaniso Kuziva nezvikorekedzo.
2. Kuvapo chaiyo integument, tisingabvumiri nehondo muviri kugaya navo.
3. Pomunhu ari vana mazai miriyoni wandei panguva uye kunzwisisa mamiriro dzokubereka nadzo (kazhinji androgynous mhando).
4. Regression marongerwo vose pfungwa. Zvomudumbu uye excretory gadziriro sezvo nyore marongerwo uye functionality. Afemeruke rinoitwa panyika muviri pamusoro.
5. Kugona bereka mumwe larval Danho.

All zvinhu izvi kuti marudzi akasiyana-siyana parasitic makonye, mumwe zvisikwa ichiita mabasa akawanda, uye ngozi chaizvo, aine huru tipone.

Kupatsanura pakati parasitic Makonye

mapoka makuru maviri chete zvinenge izvi vangazivikanwa.

1. Type Flatworms. Kuti parasitic siyana vari makirasi Belt, Flukes. Mhando parasitic flatworms kuti kutaipa: bovine tapeworm, nyama yenguruve tapeworm, yakafara hove tapeworm, Echinococcus, feline fluke, Schistosoma, leykohloridy gangaidzo, Fluke nevamwe.
2. Nyorai Roundworms. Kirasi Chokwadi roundworms. Mienzaniso zvipenyu anisakids, pinworm, roundworm, hookworm, Guinea honye, whipworm, Trichinella, filaria, uye vamwe.

Mhando parasitic ihonye siyana chaizvo. Nyanzvi Total dzinoti vamiririri 300 anogona kurarama mumuviri zita munhu, tisingatauri nedzimwe mhuka. Zvakakanganiswa zvisikwa izvi, zvechokwadi dzimwe nguva irreparable.

Kirasi Chaizvoizvo roundworms: parasitic siyana

Zvichienzaniswa flatworms, boka iri maererano nemamiriro muviri zvikuru yakatanga. Saka, kirasi iyi parasitic Makonye ane zvinotevera zvinhu.

1. Dioecious. Vanhurume vane testes uye vas mugero yokutanga kupinda hindgut. Vakadzi - ovaries, tichibatanidza mune chimwe nyinyo. Kubereka chete zvepabonde.
2. Low nemano panoda vakarasika nhengo dzomuviri, sezvo nhamba masero ipfupi.
3. Rinooneka horo. Saka zvomudumbu hurongwa ane chimiro nyore chubhu randinogara, dzaiita zvokutaurwa mugove pakati uye nokunobuda netsvina Canal.
4. Tsinga ine ganglia. Kunyange zvazvo zviri nyore, asi zvisinei huripo.
5. Excretory hurongwa mhando protonephridia.
6. Muviri nezvifukidzo akaturikidzana matatu, kuchivanze - the hypodermis. It haana chete rwokudzivirira basa, asiwo skeletal ushande. Paro kupfuura muviri.
7. Nhongonya muviri ari mubishi psevdotselyu - mumwe mhango umo pane mvura. Iye kuridza basa ropa.

A parasitic honye mukirasi iyi kungaita mararamiro akasiyana. Saka, kusunungurwa bio- uye geoparazitov. By biohelminths zvinofanira Classified avo zvipenyu kuti anofa munguva upenyu Varidzi shoma uye nokudaro vakaparadzira. By geohelminthes - avo vane kupararira kuitika kwokunze zvakatipoteredza.

whipworm

Izvi roundworm parasitic inoreva geohelminthes, nekuti akanga kuwanda kukura kunoda maviri ezvinhu:

• kuvapo womunhu muviri;
• kwakajairika nyoro pasi.

With mwero dzakadaro hazvishamisi kuti kwakaita helminth mukuru kwazvo. Roga, vakuru honye kazhinji otonga kureba 5 masendimita zviri varume nevakadzi zvisingapindirani rwemberi kuguma muviri :. Pakutanga zvinonzi thickened uye spirally yakakoswa, uye wechipiri - ane elongated threadlike.

Rinodya kuti chisvetasimba haisi kugutsikana kwevanhu ura, dzinoti ropa rake, saka pakurapa zvachinokonzera inoda chaiwo. Iye chinobata zvikuru intestinal rusvingo, saka anogona kukonzera kuzvimba. Unoshamisa muviri zvibereko kwayakaita.

The chirwere anokonzerwa chisikwa ichi inonzi trichocephalosis. Chirwere kunoitika kuburikidza tactile kuonana nevanhu nematope michero uye miriwo, mvura. Zviri panyaya idzi bochonkovidnye chisvetasimba mazai, izvo tisvike zvepabonde kukura mukati mumuviri mune shomanana.

Matafura mazai ne faeces uye kubudirira mune zvakatipoteredza - iri noushamwari, nyoro ivhu. Back murume ikavamedza zvakare.

pinworm

A parasitic roundworm kuti kunoitika mwana anenge ose wechipiri anogona kuvapo uye ari mukuru. Small tupukanana chena Kashoma yokusvika kureba kupfuura 5 mm. Chavainyanya chinhu, izvo ambotirega zvikuru kuparadzira, - pasina muridzi shanduko. Ndivo parasitic mumuviri mumwe, vachidya zviri ura hwake.

Usiku kubva horo uye horo yacho denderedzwa akarara yakawanda mazai. Izvi zvinokonzera vomwana kuvaviwa uye akashatirwa, iye asingazivi anotanga muchiroto kuti muvare nzvimbo ino. Saka mazai kuwira pasi nzara, apo zvakare muna nemumuromo mhango uye akapoteredza zvinhu.

Pashure kuisa mazai, munhukadzi anofa. Naizvozvo, panyaya uko kunenge infestation isina kuchengetwa, zvinogona kuporesa muviri pasina zvokurapa kupindira. Chirwere anokonzerwa pinworms, anonzi Enterobiasis.

fleshworm

The parasitic honye iri chidukuduku saizi. Kashoma wasvika rimwe kureba 3.5 mm. Vanhurume iduku. Rinoreva biohelminths. Tupukanana muvanhu uye mhuka. Achirova tsandanyama sezvo Musara uye kugadzirisa maari. munhukadzi Mumwe anogona kuisa yakawanda mazai (anosvika 2 zviuru), uye ipapo akafa.

Pashure peinenge mwedzi miviri mazai kuita mazana, izvo pamwe kwazvino node uye ropa kupararira panyika muviri, achisimbisa tsandanyama uye kudzivirira ichishanda zvakanaka. Zvirwere akadana trichinosis, ane simba kusvibiswa pamwe tupukanana inogona kuva kuurayisa.

Flat Type, kirasi Tapeworms

Vamiriri ichi mhando kunogona kunge vakasununguka-mupenyu uye parasitic siyana. Nokuti vose zvavo vanoonekwa nevamwe peculiarities marongerwo muviri.

1. Bilateral symmetry.
2. Kushaya muviri mhango.
3. The hwakakura tichikwanisa patsva.
4. Kunonyanyisa anoitwa pasi zvomudumbu hurongwa.
5. Ruzhinji zvipenyu - hermaphrodites.

Huru tupukanana ndivo makirasi maviri - Belt uye Flukes.

Broad tapeworm uye Echinococcus

Broad tapeworm - a parasitic tapeworm, kunotsiviwa ne wehondo matatu upenyu. Wokutanga ndivo crustaceans, wechipiri - hove, wechitatu uye yokupedzisira - murume. Kureba helminths izvi zvinogona kusvika mamita anoverengeka. Vakaguta zviri ura, zvichiita unopinza pane nenzara uye kushaya zvokuvakisa upenyu muridzi.

Chirwere kunoitika kuburikidza hove unodya vanhu. The chirwere unonzi bothriocephaliasis.

Echinococcus - ariwo parasitic tapeworm. peculiarity Its ndechokuti murume kwaari - ive zvenguva hondo. imbwa nemhumhi ndivo. Zvisinei, kamwe muna kwevanhu muviri, asi mazana vakatakudzwa ne muropa. hexacanth - mazana ipapo uende. Zvinoumba sefuro iri kutanga kukura. chirwere ichi anonzi hydatid chirwere.

Vose vaiona chisvetasimba zvipenyu vane mitsara inoverengeka rwakabata zvikorekedzo rooting pahondo kupfuura zvimwe zvakakanganisika uye marwadzo. Kazhinji uye zvinotyisa tupukanana pakati bhandi ndiyo nengetani - bovine uye porcine.

Schistosoma uye gangaidzo leykohloridy

Nokuti vamwe parasitic honye dziri dzinoratidzwa yekupindurwa muridzi pamwe kutora chikamu gastropods? Mhinduro ndeyokuti zvinovinga flukes zhinji. honye ichi, vane zvakawanda suckers. Zviri ivo, vari wakaiswa mumuviri wokupedzisira vehondo, inova munhu.

Schistosoma - iri mhando, chirwere kunoitika apo kugeza mumvura, apo mazana dzinoshambira. Vakaguta ropa mhuka. chikuru ngozi yavo - yakatesvera panyanga dzacho dziri mumuviri, ivo kuurura masvingo zvomukati, vachashora kuzvimba, chimiro cysts, anomera. Pakurwara tupukanana izvi zvakaoma.

Leykohloridy gangaidzo - anoshandisa gastropods somumwe wehondo. Wokupedzisira pfungwa noupenyu honye ichi asarudza shiri. Zvinofadza kuti mumuviri nedhambakura yacho dukutu inokura uye igova convex kuitira kuti kuoneka kubva kunze. Afanane rakajeka munyoro nomupedzachose, izvo chinokwezva shiri. Ivo Peck izvozvo, zvichiguma pakusvibiswa.

Matanho kurwisa parasitic Makonye

Kurwisa parasitic Makonye - zvisinei nyore. Chikurukuru - nokungwarira kuchengeta zvose zvakafanira matanho. Zvikuru ndiye oga uye voruzhinji utsanana. Pasina kurwa ichi helminth mazai zvichibvira. Chechipiri, zvinokosha zvechokwadi yakanaka chafariz kubudiswa zvokudya.

Kurapa nerimwe dzakananga mhando chisvetasimba kukurairisai nomumwe uye basa chiremba. Kakawanda iri pahwendefa ( "Vermoxum", "Dekaris", "Pyrantel" uye zvichingodaro. D.). Zvisinei, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvikuru uye zvinodiwa majekiseni, IVs, nemwaranzi nezvimwe nemigumisiro.