The Lost rwendo: zvakavanzika uye kuferefeta. Kurasika rwendo Dyatlov uye Franklin

Kukudzwa avo vasiri kutya kusiya noushamwari uye unodziya musha, nomutsa tafura akapinda isingazivikanwi, vachiisa upenyu hwavo mungozi, nechinangwa chimwe chete - kuziva chakavanzika kana kuunza vamwe ayo kuparara.

Zvisinei, havasi vose danidziro dzaguma zvinobudirira. Vazhinji nzendo vakanga zvakatooma kutsanangura akarasika. Vamwe vanhu havana vanokwanisa kuwana, akawana zvisaririra nevamwe regai akajekesa zvinokonzera rufu rwavo, achipa mamwe Puzzles pane mhinduro.

Vakawanda asipo rwendo uye nhasi vane nyaya kuferefeta, sezvo kuongorora pfungwa kutambudza vatorwa ezvinhu Kutsakatika yavo.

On kutevera yakarasika kweArctic rwendo

Imwe rokutanga anosuruvarisa mazita asipo Franklin rwendo dzakanyorwa. Arctic kudzidza aishanda chikuru mhaka kwemashoko rwendo muna 1845. Chaiva kuongorora asingazivikanwi mugove Northwest Passage, riri pakati Atlantic uye makungwa Pacific mu dzinodziya latitudes, kureba vanenge 1670? Km uye kuvhurika zvausingazivi peArctic kumatunhu zvakakwana. The rwendo yaisangana nomukuru mukuru British rengarava --makore 59 okuberekwa John Franklin. Panguva ino akanga atova nhengo nhatu dzakaitwa kweArctic, vaviri raakanga kuenda. John Franklin rwendo ari kunyatsogadzirira, ndakava kare zvakaitika polar aiongorora. Pamwechete rikarira iye ngarava "Erebus" uye "kutya" (ane misha matani anenge 378 uye matani 331 ukuwo) nechikepe kubva Chirungu chengarava Grinhayt 19 May.

Nhoroondo vakarasika Franklin rwendo

zvikepe zvose vakanga vakanyatsoshongedzwa uye chakatorwa wekushandisa mune chando, zvizhinji yave akagovera zvivanakire uye ichinyaradzwa rakarira. Munhare akanga akatakura dzakawanda dzakatumirwa zvokudya kwemakore anosvika matatu. Mabhisikiti, furawa, yakarungwa nomunyu yenguruve uye nyama, zvomumagaba nyama, mumatanda kuti ndimu muto pamusoro chakakuvara - zvose akayera mumatani. Asi, sezvo yakawanikwa Papera, zvomumagaba chikafu, izvo zvakachipa rwendo kuisa anonyengera mugadziri Stephen Goldner, vaiva varombo yepamusoro uye, pamusoro kubvuma dzimwe vatsvakurudzi, vakashumira somumwe zvinokonzera rufu vengarava vakawanda kubva Franklin rwendo.

Muzhizha 1845 hama vaunoshanda akagamuchira tsamba shoma. Mutsamba akatuma Osmer, achiponesa ne "Erebus", akati kunge achimirira mokudzokera kwavo muna 1846. Muna 1845, vakuru whaling zvikepe uye Robert Martin Dunnett kuudzwa musangano nezvikepe vaviri rwendo, achimirira zvakarurama mamiriro kuyambuka Strait of Lancaster. Vatungamiri vakanga vokupedzisira vokuEurope kuona mhenyu Dzhona Franklina uye ake rwendo. Mumakore akatevera, 1846 uye 1847 chero nhau kubva rwendo kunge vakaudza anopfuura 129 nhengo dzayo dzakanga aenda zvachose.

kutsvaka

Boka Kutsvaga pamusoro kutevera zvisipo chikepe chokutanga akatumwa wake Dzhona Franklina chete muna 1848. Kunze nezvikepe Admiralty kutsvaka yakakurumbira aiongorora muna 1850, akabatana Thaazhika nenhatu midziyo: gumi vavo vari Britain uye vaviri - America.

Somugumisiro, refu kuramba kutsvaka squads vakawana mamwe kungoda kunorwa: makuva matatu vakafa vezvikepe, magaba vakapiswa Goldner. Gare gare, muna 1854, John Rae, imwe chiremba Chirungu uye mufambi, kungoda nhengo rwendo ari munharaunda ano yawanikwa Canadian mapurovhinzi Nunavut. Maererano Eskimos, vanhu vaiuya mumuromo rwizi Bắc, nenzara, uye pakati pavo paiva zviitiko kudya vanhu.

Muna 1857, chirikadzi Franklin pashure nezvingaitwa oedza kunyengetedza hurumende kuti atumire mumwe kutsvaka chikwata pacharo anotumira pakundopambara kuwana mamwe zvisaririra murume wake arasika. In yose, kundotsvaka Dzhona Franklina uye chikwata chake vakapinda 39 polar nzendo, vamwe vavo dzakanyatsoumbwa mari wake. Muna 1859, nhengo imwe rwendo rinotungamirirwa mukuru, William Hobson, zvakanyorwa mashoko pamusoro rufu Dzhona Franklina June 11, 1847 mu chepiramidhi matombo.

The zvinokonzera rufu Franklin rwendo

150 refu makore akaramba isingazivikanwi, kuti "Erebus" uye "kutya" vakanga tsvikinyidza ice, uye chikwata, vakamanikidzwa kusiya ngarava, kuedza kusvika dzeCanada, asi utsinye kweArctic kwezvakatipoteredza zvichida vapone hapana kuruboshwe.

Nhasi, ushingi John Franklin uye ake rwendo akafuridzirwa vemifananidzo, vanyori, vanyori manyorero kusika mabasa nezvoUmambo upenyu vacho.

Mysteries of eSiberia

Zvakavanzika Lost rwendo harimiri ovhurazve pfungwa venguva yedu. In yanhasi mberi nguva apo munhu akapinda muchadenga, akatarisa mukudzika kwegungwa, akaratidza chakavanzika mabhomba musimboti, kuramba hazvitaurwi, inoshamisa zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoitika munhu pasi. zvakavanzika izvi zvimwe asipo rwendo ari USSR, kupfuura inoshamisa pakati pavo evashanyi boka Dyatlov.

Nharaunda huru wenyika yedu, wayo enigmatic eSiberia, Ural yekare makomo, unonyatsoruramisa kondinendi muzvikamu zviviri nyika, dzechembere vazhinji pfuma yakavanzwa muura dzenyika, agara zvakabata kuziva pfungwa nevatsvakurudzi. Chitima rwendo ari taiga - tsaona chikamu nhoroondo yedu. Pasinei zviremera zveSoviet kuvanza kana Gloss pamusoro nhamo, pamusoro vazhinji vaparara zvikwata, kuunganidzwa makuhwa uye hakungagoni ngano kusvika vanhu.

Hazvitaurwi ezvinhu rufu Igorya Dyatlova uye ake rwendo

With zita gomo Holat-Sjahyl (iyo anoshandura se "Gomo Vakafa"), riri nechokuchamhembe chikamu Urals, Zvakabatana mumwe unsolved chakavanzika chokuita chisipo rwendo ari USSR. Vagari munzvimbo idzi dzinza Mansi vachiziva kupiwa muhomba ndiro yamanenji zita: nguva pano zhinji zvachose anyangarika kana vakaurayiwa nokuda kwezvikonzero isingazivikanwi, vanhu kana boka revanhu (kazhinji rinoumbwa 9 vanhu). Hazvitaurwi dambudziko zvakaitika mugomo usiku kubva 1 2 February 1959.

Uye nyaya iyi yakatanga chokuti musi waJanuary 23 Boka mapfumbamwe Sverdlovsk vashanyi, akatungamirira Igorem Dyatlovym, akaenda vakaronga the kusvetuka, kunzwisisa izvo ndezvaJehovha chikuru muchikwata, uye kureba kwakanga 330 makiromita. Zvakare, pfumbamwe! Ko Zvakangoitikawo kana chinouraya pekusadziviririka? Zvechokwadi, muna 22-zuva kudii pakutanga vaifanira kuenda vanhu 11, asi mumwe wavo nezvikonzero zvakanaka vakaramba pakutanga, uye mumwe, Yury Yudin, vakadzika musasa, asi arwara uye rakamanikidzwa kudzokera kumba mumugwagwa. It akaponesa upenyu hwake.

The yokupedzisira Kuronga boka, vadzidzi mashanu, vatatu vakapedza kudzidza Ural Polytechnic Institute, Murayiridzi musasa nzvimbo. Of vapfumbamwe nhengo - nevasikana vaviri. All vashanyi rwendo skiers vakanga ruzivo uye neshwiro kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.

Chinangwa murayiro waiva muhomba skiers Otorten kuti nyevero "usaendako" rinoshandurwa kubva mutauro Mansi. The kurwara-fated February usiku kukupfura chakashongedzera musasa pane rimwe mawere Holat-Sjahyl; pegomo wakabva naye chinhambwe mamita mazana matatu, uye Mount Otorten - 10 km. Manheru, apo bhendi akanga kugadzirira kudya, uye ari mubasa vanyorwa pepanhau "Evening Otorten" kwaiva chinhu asingatsananguriki uye yaityisa. Chii chaigona vatye vana saka uye nei vakatiza mavhunduka kubva mukati chekawo yetende, zviri kujeka nanhasi. Panguva kuongorora zvakanga Vakawana kuti vashanyi akasiya tende kukurumidza, vamwe havatombofaniri nguva kupfeka shangu.

Chii chakaitika rwendo Dyatlov?

Panguva yakatarwa boka skiers haina kudzokera, uye kwete kwakaratidzwa pachayo. Veukama vana akamutsa aramu. Vakatanga kuonana zvikoro, kumisasa, uye mapurisa vachida kutanga kutsvaka oparesheni.

On February 20, kana kufamba nguva puranga tarisiro, nhungamiro Polytechnic Institute, boka rokutanga kunotsvaka chisipo rwendo Dyatlov yatumirwa. Nokukurumidza kuteverwa nevamwe mapoka kuti vabatanidzwe mapurisa uye ezvirevo zvechiuto. zuva kutsvaka maviri namashanu chete akauya mamwe results: makawanikwa tende, akagura kudivi, izvozvo - pristine chinhu, uye kwete kure pekugara nzvimbo - mitumbi vanhu vashanu vane kufa vakanga kunokonzerwa hypothermia. Zvose vashanyi vakanga vakaungana kuzorwa inotonhora nzvimbo, mumwe wavo kukuvara musoro hwakanyorwa. Muna vaviri - zviratidzo epistaxis. Sei kudzingwa patende shangu uye scantily vakapfeka vanhu vasingagoni kana ndisingadi kudzokera kwairi? mubvunzo uyu chinoramba chakavanzika nhasi.

Mushure memwedzi yakati kutsvaka pamusoro chando mabhanga rwizi Lozvy zvitunha zvakawanda mana akawanikwa nhengo rwendo. vaakawana Ivo nomumwe mutezo mitswe, uye kukuvara nhengo dzomukati, ganda akanga orenji nomutsvuku. Chitunha musikana akawanikwa ari chinoshamisa chinzvimbo - vakagwadama mumvura, uye akanga asina rurimi.

Zvadaro, rose boka akavigwa Sverdlovsk pa Michael Cemetery mune vakawanda guva, uye nzvimbo rokufa kwavo anoratidza kuva nebheji mazita vakafa uye kupopota mashoko "Kwaiva mapfumbamwe." Invictus Group Pass Kubvira ngakuzivikanwe sezvo Dyatlov Pass.

Mibvunzo pasina mhinduro

Chii chakaitika rwendo Dyatlov? Saka kure kune shanduro dzakawanda uye zvekungofungira chete. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi mhosva kufa UFO kukupfura uye sezvo uchapupu vataurwa vakaona pamusoro pakuonekwa usiku pagomo Vakafa yeyero fireballs. State ekunze chiteshi akanyorawo vasingazivikanwi "idenderedzwa zvinhu" munzvimbo rufu vashoma kukupfura.

Mune imwe shanduro Vakomana vakaenda yekare Aryan pevhu chezvipo, nokuti iro akanga auraya naye zvaichengeta.

Pane shanduro umo Dyatlova vasisina rwendo akafa maererano kuidzwa zvombo siyana (kubva kwenyukireya kusvika Vacuum), pamwe doro chepfu, aine kava pamusoro bhora mheni, pamwe kurwisa bere uye Snowman, pamwe avalanches.

The pamutemo Version

Muna May, 1959, yakanga wakabudiswa chakarongwa mafungiro pamusoro rufu Dyatlova rwendo. Inoratidza kwayo chikonzero: kwesimba zvakasikwa, mumwe mhando riri kukunda vakomana vasingagoni. Chaikonzera kumboiswa kuwanikwa. By Mutongo First Munyori Kirilenko, nyaya yakavharwa, kuomerera Classified uye hwakatamisirwa Archive pamwe nomurayiridzo ndirege kuiparadza kusvikira rinokosha hurongwa.

Pashure pemakore 25 kubva kuchengetwa, zvose namahwindo mhosva vaparadzwa. Zvisinei, "It Dyatlova" pakupera iri kukamurwa nguva uye anoramba avete huruva echiShinto.

Chitima schooner "Saint Anna"

Muna 1912, kuti schooner "Saint Anna" nechikepe akapoteredza Air Peninsula uye anyangarika. 2 chete pemakore patinofamba shure yakaoma V.Albanov aidzidzisa uye mukwasvi A.Kondar. Last akaenda pachake, iye Akakurumidza kuchinja mhando yebasa uye asingadi kukurukura zvakaitika pamwe schooner kumbobvira nomunhu. Albani Ukuwo, akati kuti yechando 1912 "Saint Anna" chando kupinda chando, uye wakatambudzika kweArctic Ocean. Muna January 1914 vanhu 14 kubva chikwata mukuru Brusilov mvumo pamhenderekedzo uye pachavo kuenda budiriro. Munzira 12 vakaurayiwa. Albanov vakatanga dutu kwebasa, kuedza kuronga kutsvaka icebound schooner. Zvisinei, ngarava Brusilov kumboiswa kuwanikwa.

Other vasisina rwendo

Vazhinji ikavamedza Arctic: aeronauts vanotungamirirwa musayendisiti wokuSweden Salomona Andre, Kara rwendo pasi Rusanov, chikwata Scott vake.

Zvimwe asipo rwendo remakore rechi20 chokuita zvinosuwisa uye tsarukano rufu Yechinwiwa City paititi vaitsvaka iri huru mumatondo yeAmazon. Nokuti nekugadzirisa chakavanzika ichi 3 nzendo dzesayenzi dzakatangwa muna 1925 - vachitungamirirwa weBritish muchiuto pachivakwa uye Forseti muna 1972 - Franco-British chikwata Bob Nichols, uye muna 1997 - kunorwa of Norwegian ANODZIDZA Havksholla. Vose akanyangarika pasina zvikasawanirwa. Zvikurukuru achirova Kutsakatika muna 1997, apo hwokugadzira kwemashoko rwendo waiva soro chechetere. Havana kugona kuwana! Local nharo wose kutsvaga Golden City ichaparadzwa Uachipayri rudzi - maIndia, vari kurinda chakavanzika guta.

Kurasika rwendo ... Chinhu chakavanzika uye kwakavanzika nhema nemashoko aya. Nzendo idzi dzakabatsira vakanga kurongedzerwa akatuma kugadzirisa dambudziko kana kutsanangura kuti nyika imwe chakavanzika, asi Kutsakatika wavo chaizvo akava vakararama uye nokuzvizvarwa chakavanzika.