T-80 matangi: maitiro, kugadziriswa, zvombo, mufananidzo

Matangi T-80 - motokari huru yemasoja, yakabudiswa seri mu USSR, kubva muna 1978. Basa racho rakaitwa kusvikira muna 1998. Iyi hondo yekugadzirisa ndiyo yaiva yekutanga iyo yakagadzirwa nehurongwa hwekudzivirirwa kunorwisana nemahombekombe, pamwe chete nesimba rekugadzirisa kubva kune turbine yegesi.

Chiedza T-80 matangi akabudiswawo kubva panguva ya1942 kusvika muna 1943. Zvidzidzo makumi manomwe chete zvakabudiswa. Pakupedzisira, pamiti, "punching" yake yakatsiviwa nekugadzira zvombo zveSU-76M. Chiedza chemasikati T-80 chakanga chisisachagadzirwa.

Nhoroondo yezvisikwa

Nhoroondo ye tangi yakatanga muna 1964, apo yakasarudzwa kuumba motokari itsva yehondo mumusangano weCPSU Central Committee, kutora sechikonzero che T-64. Iyo tangi itsva yakagadzirwa semutakuri wejini injini yejini inogona kupa chikamu chinokwana 450 km inosvika 1000 horsepower uye warranty nguva yamaawa 500.

Chikonzero chekuita chisarudzo ichocho chikonzero nekuda kwekunyarara kweT-64. Vatungamiri vakavimba nemagetsi emagetsi engoro senzira yekuvandudza mararamiro ekushanda emuuto wehondo. Chimwe chezvinhu izvi chaiva kusashaiwa kwechidikanwi chekudziya-tanga usati watanga basa, izvo zvakanyatsopfupisa nguva yekuunza kuverenga kwetangi muhondo yakagadzirira. Kunyanya munguva yakaoma yechando.

Maedzo ekutanga

Inenge kubva muna 1968 kusvika muna 1974, matanho eT-80 anoedza (asi achiri kuve nemazita mashoma ekuenzanisa akadai se "Object-219") akawana mutsva miedzo. Vamwe vakaratidza migumisiro isina kugutsikana mubasa reimwe mhando yejini, vamwe vakanga vasina kukwana.

Pashure pekuverengeka kwekugadziriswa, kuongororwa kwegadziriro yacho zvakare kwakagadzirwa - mumamiriro ezvinhu ehupamusoro guru, ipapo panguva yekufamba kwechando chakavharwa nevhu remhandara.

Matangi eT-80 ane injini yeaderieri akacherechedzwa nekusimudzika kwepamusoro pakubatana nemakumbo emagetsi ehondo. Imotokari iri nyore kutamira kunzvimbo dzepamberi kuitira kurwisa muvengi, kukura nekukurumidza kwema20 kusvika ku 30 km / h.

Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, matangi aya akaratidza kuvhara kwemasvondo kubva 20 kusvika ku40 km / h, asi kushandiswa kwemafuta kunosvika zero, uye mafuta emafuta aive kubva 435 kusvika 840 litita.

Tank T-80. Unhu uye mazuva ano

Muna 1976, "Object-219" yakagamuchirwa kwebasa pasi pekucherechedza T-80. Saka pakanga pane matangi ekutanga ane injini yegesi injini. Kuenzanisa: IAmerican tank "Abrams" yakaiswa mumhepo muna 1980 chete.

Tangi yeT-80 (mufananidzo uri pasi apa) yakanga ine muviri wakagadzirwa nemapuleti akafukidzwa nengoro, yakafanana neyevakatangira T-72 uye T-64A.

Iyo shongwe yakakonzerwa zvachose kubva mune zvigadzirwa zvesimbi, ine hurongwa hwakaoma uye yakagadzirirwa nehuwandu hutsva. Mucherechedzo wepfuti ndeye 125 mm, iyo kanini inosungirirwa nekaseti muchitsime chedu, nzira yekugadzirisa uye chirongwa chekutumira projectile iri mumamiriro akawanda akafanana neT-64A. Uyewo pane shongwe yaiva yepfuti yemapuraneti ye "Utes" uye yePKT.

Rudzi rwezvombo: iron yakakungurutswa uye yakakandwa, uye pamwe chete. Kurema kweT-80 tangi yaiva matani 42. Iyo yakareba (pamwe chete nepfuti) inenge 9,656 mm, mutumbi uri 6780 mm, uye upamhi huri 3525 mm, kureba (kubva pakaderera kusvika kumusoro kweshongwe) nde 3525 mm.

T-80BV nedzimwe nzira dzokuvandudza

Kufambira mberi kwekambani hakuna kumira. Muna 1978 ikoko kwakaonekwa shanduro yakashandurwa - T-80B. Yakanga yakasiyana nekuvapo kwechirongwa chinotungamirirwa chirongwa "Cobra", tactical system yekuendesa mabhomba eutsi "Cloud" uye kuwedzerwa zvombo zvose zvehombe uye shongwe.

Mukufananidza, muenzaniso weT-80BK wakagadzirwa padivi reOmsk.

Muna 1985, mufananidzo T-80BV unoshanda. Icho chinopesana nekugadziriswa nekuvapo kweshongwe uye muviri wekudzivirirwa kwakasimba.

Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira uye kwakabudirira kwakange kuri mufananidzo T-80U, wakagadzirwa muna 1985-m. Izvo zvinyorwa zvekugadzira zvakabva pane zvekare zvakarongwa zve "makumi masere". Kurema kwacho kwakawedzera kusvika 46 matani.

Mamiriro ekugadzirisa moto akawana huwandu hunovandudzika, hwakadai seusiku uye masikati chinangwa chemuiti wepfuti uye mutungamiriri wekombiyuta-kuona maitiro.

Zvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvakaita kuti zvigone kurwisana kwete chete nechinangwa chehondo, asiwo nechepasi-inobhururuka helicopter nemhaka yehutachiona hwehurongwa hwemakumbo akatungamirirwa "Reflex". Iyo projectile inopfurwa inotariswa panhotera nelaser bend iri kure nemamita 100 kusvika 5000 mamita.

ТТХ ye novelties

Matangi eT-80 aifungidzirwa kuti ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakanyanya kufambira mberi zveRussian design ideas. Kuenzanidza, maitiro avo uye unyanzvi hunofanira kuonekwa.

I-T-80BV yakanga ine masendimita 43.7, asi T-80B yakanga yakanyanya uye yakayerwa zvinopfuura 46.

Kureba kwekutanga nepfuti kwakange kune 9651 mm, apo purogiramu yakavandudzwa yaiva shoma-9556 mm.

Kana iri nyaya yacho pachayo, pano pane zvinopesana. I-T-80B ine urefu hwe 6982 mm, yakafara 3582 mm, uye T-80U yakanga ine unhu hwe 7012 mm uye 3603 mm, maererano.

Kusiyana kwehupamhi kunenge kusingaoneki kune ziso rakashama. Nhamba yacho inoratidza kusiyana kwezvinyorwa chete - 2219 kunopesana ne 2215 mm.

Discontinuation of production

Tangi yeT-80 (mufananidzo uri pasi apa) ine huwandu hwekugadziriswa hunodiwa kutengeserako kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzepasi. Kune zvakawanda zvakadai. Somuenzaniso, mufananidzo we "makumi masere" pane injini yeadieri yakabudiswa muKharkov pasi peT-80UD, ndiyo yaiva yezvigadzirwa zvehondo zveUkraine: "Shandisa", BM "Shandisa" uye T-84.

Kugadzirwa kwe "makumi masere" kwakaguma muna 1998. Zvikonzero, nhamo, hazvizivikanwi. Kunyange zvakadaro, motokari yekurwa iri ichiri kushanda neuto reRussian Federation.

Armata

Musi waMay 5, 2016, chizvarwa chitsva T-14 tangi pachikwata che Armata chakaendeswa kuvanhu vose pamusangano weRed Square.

Yakagadzirwa mukati megadziriro yegurojekiti "Kurwisana Nedzidzo dzeHamangwana", pamwe nekubatanidzwa mu "network centric war". Izwi iri rinoreva dzidziso yehondo inoparidzirwa nenyika dzeNATO, iyo ndiyo kubatanidza kwezviito zvemasimba anokuvadza kana kudzivirirwa, akabatanidzwa mune rimwe chete ruzivo rwekunamata.

T-14 yakava yekutanga tangi muRussia. Muviri wemakina inovakwa kubva kune chinhu chakakosha chinoita kuti zvive nyore kuziva nzira kuburikidza nemafungu makuru anozivikanwa e-radar uye zvinowedzera kuderedza chikamu chakakosha kuti chinangwa chigadziriswe neJavelin kana Brimstone missile mazano ekutungamirira.

Ichokwadi kuti tangi ndeyekuti vashandi vakanyatsosvika munzvimbo iyi. Iyo shongwe inogara isingagari, iyo inobatsirawo kudzivirirwa kwemitezo yekuverenga mumamiriro ezvinhu ekurwisana.

Complex "Armata" yakagadzirirwa ne "Afghanistan" system, iyo inobvumira kubvisa mahombekombe. Iyo yakagadzirirwa muhutano hwekugadzirwa kwehutsi-metal maketeni inoita kuti zvikwanisike "kupofumadza" radio-inodzorwa drones nemigodhi nokuda kwekusavhiringidza kwechiratidzo nematauriro akataurwa. Izvi, zvakare, hazvikuvadzi zvecheche uye zvombo zvinosangana nemotokari yekurwa.

I-T-14 yakagadzirirwa nhumbi dzokurwa dzakasimba, iyo yaro inowanikwa pakupfutirwa kwepani yakadzivirirwa pamusoro pekubhururuka kunotenderera. Zvinotendwa kuti iyi nzira yekubhuka inogonawo kuratidza shots kubva kune anti-tank grenade launcher.

Kufambira mberi kwehupirisiti hakusi kumira, zvitsva zvezvombo zvinenge zvichishandiswa zuva rega rega mubazi rekuviga. Inonyatsozivikanwa kuti Armata yakashandiswa pakugadzirwa kwemvura kusvikira 2020. Uye havasi kuronga kupesana ne "punching" yezvigadzirwa zvemhando itsva kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu edambudziko.

Asi chii chichava ruzivo, runogona kupfuura T-14, chaizvoizvo maturistic walking tanks? Nguva ichataura.