Suzdal, Pokrovsky Monastery: kare, description, zvinonakidza zvinhu

Kure miganhu nyika yedu inozivikanwa kwayo munhoroondo nzvimbo Russian guta rekare Suzdal. Mumwe Monument, riri panyika, pasina kupamhidzira kunzi Nyanzvi kwete chete yeRussia asiwo munyika mapurani.

Nhasi tinoda kukoka pamusoro rakapotsa rwoku Suzdal iwe. Pokrovsky Monastery iri zvikuru vashanyi, uye naizvozvo isu achashanyira wemamongi.

nzvimbo

Wemamongi riri pamahombekombe picturesque Kamenka River, izvo anotakura mvura yaro pamwe Suzdal. White zvivako, riri pamusoro wemarudzi, vasiyana wemamongi vamwe shamisa, nakisisa maonero. Uye chokwadi Kamenka - rwizi tsvarakadenga, kunyanya mu June, kana akafuka maruva mvura maruva. Tinozivisa vose vaya vari kuronga kushanyira Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) chechechi kero: Ul. Kureverera, 76.

Nhoroondo wemamongi

Masvingo ichi chekare kuvaka akabata zvakavanzika zhinji uye dzinonakidza chokwadi, izvo zvichiri vafarire zvikuru pakati dzekare uye nevaongorori. Chokwadi chokuti Pokrovsky wemamongi haana achigara senguva pfungwa shoko; zviri kushumira upenyu linked vakadzi yokumusoro kirasi. Kazhinji hazvina ndokudzingwa pano vamwe zvivi guva, asi chete nekuti munhu aifanira kubvisa pavo. Kudzosera nemasisita whiled kure dzasara hwavo mudondo mumasero, kutapwa kwavo rakange rakanamwa, saka wemamongi aiva pevhu crypt, apo apedza upenyu hwake hwepasi pano yezvinongoerekana.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chitarisiko chavo Holy Virgin Monastery (Suzdal) rotsvakwa chishamiso. Sezvo makarekare ngano, Prince Andrew K. akadzokera kumusha kwake Nizhny Novgorod, kana dutu kumboitika simba. Prince apika kuti kana akararama, ipapo kuva nechokwadi kuvaka yekwake yemamongi vakagara. Zvinofanira vaifungidzira kuti rwendo rakapera zvinobudirira sezvo muna 1364 akatanga kuvaka Intercession Monastery (Suzdal) muchanza kumahombekombe Kamenka River. Nhoroondo wemamongi rinowanikwa pamwe 1364.

Pamusoro-soro St. Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) uchibata yaitonga Vasily III. Akapazve wemamongi pakutanga XVI remakore, hombe mari yakawanda kuti dzave kushandiswa pakuvaka hwakawanda huripo Holy Gates uye St. Basil Cathedral, uye kwete zvichengeteke fenzi uye masero.

asinganzwisisiki sisita

Mumwe wokutanga chinozikamwa hadzi vasungwa yemamongi akava mudzimai Vasily III Solomonia Saburova - Grand Duchess. Muna 1525 Vasily III akapomera mudzimai wake, uyo akararama kwemakore makumi maviri makore mbereko. Iye akamukurira mhiko sezvo sisita uye akatuma muna Pokrovsky wemamonk. Mumazuva iwayo, kurambana kwakanga kumbonzwiwa, uye kuti vawane kubva Ecclesiastical vakuru mvumo kune mumwe muchato, Vasily III allocates mari yakakura nekuti kukura wemamongi.

Zvisinei, munguva pfupi zvakava pachena kuti Basil III kupomerwa asakwanisa kuita vana pasina. Yakanga inoverengeka kwemhiko, uye Soromoni mwanakomana, asi nokuda kwokutya nemanomano itsva mudzimai Aimbova murume Eleny Glinskoy (mai yemberi Ivan ari Anotyisa), iye akamanikidzwa kushuma rufu womuchinda.

Pane dzidziso kuti Soromoni akatuma mwana ari Crimean Khan, uyo gare gare zvange munhau, akava nomukurumbira sembavha Kudeyar. Mushure mhiko Solomonia Sofia vakagamuchira zita chechi somusande sezvo St. pashure pokufa Sofiya Suzdalskaya. Gare gare, zvakaonekwa sezvo vaichengetedza pamusoro Suzdal.

Nhau dzairamba pakati wemamongi

Muna 1551, apo mwanasikana makore akafa Ivana Groznogo, Conception chechi yakanga kuzodzosera yakavakwa kuti yake, izvo kwakatsiva chakasakara pakazotanga yematanda mamiriro (XIV remakore). Apse zvakanga awedzera zvikuru gare gare (XVII remakore.). Around iyoyo kumonasitiri paiva kari uye akaramba kuvaka fenzi, iyo yakatanga muna XVI remakore.

Suzdal, Pokrovsky Monastery iri XX remakore

Kufanana zhinji nzvimbo dzokunamatira kuRussia, wemamongi yakavharwa uye vakabirwa muna 1923. Kubvira muna 1933, pakava zvipenyu hondo rabhoritari, Bureau of Special Chinangwa GPU - sangano umo vasungwa zvakashanda. Ava noruzivo nyanzvi pane unyanzvi siyana. Vose vari mubasa kugadzira zvombo zvoutachiona. Muna 1935, vasungwa B. Ya. Elbert uye NA paGati akasika pano mumwe mushonga pamusoro tularemia. Laboratory akashanda wemamongi kusvikira 1936.

Mune sixties remakore rapfuura iri yemamongi zvivako basa rokudzorera, uye gare gare vakanga miziyamu kuratidzira. Mukupera eighties riri vashanyire yakaoma, yaiva resitorendi, mu zvikuru Cathedral of Intercession aiva konzati horo. Pane kunyange akazviratidza imwe hotera kuti vashanyi, asi tichazvidudzira nezvazvo pashure.

Munguva nineties, kuchinja kuitika munyika, kwakakanganisa guta Suzdal. Pokrovsky yemamongi 1992, akanga adzokera nechechi, hazvina rakandiponesa simba yemamongi upenyu. Nhasi kushanda yemamongi. Iye muridzi Church, outbuildings, kuvaka almshouses, kari-masero.

akitekicha

Zvivako wemamongi rokutanga vaiva emapuranga. Nhasi tinogona kuona kuchangobva zvivako, izvo nyanzvi vanoti kusvika XVI remakore. White ibwe masvingo, anoshamisa mapurani kuti rinobatanidza uye vakwegura Russian uye Western okunze, yakanatswa yakarongedzwa.

Asi, chokwadi, nechepakati Monument ino Ensemble inoshamisa ndiyo Pokrovsky Cathedral Pokrovsky yemamongi Suzdal. It yakavakwa 1518 panzvimbo wekereke emapuranga. Zvinosuruvarisa mazita vatenzi havana kuchengeta munhoroondo. Ichi hombe ina-shongwe mamiriro ane mukuru chawo uye takapoteredzwa maviri-storey rakavhurika maberere kumativi matatu, kuti zviri zviviri nomungoro masitepisi.

Kubva rwizi chivako adjoins tsvene mahwindo dzakakwirira riri yakadzika pakadzika. Apse vakaparadzana kumeso mbiru uye decorates cornice wakavezwa dzakarukwa zvakanaka hwakarongwa. It inodzokororwa pamasikiro chiedza ngoma, yokupedzisira cupola nengowani. Walls Cathedral, rakakamurwa mashizha zvitatu. Vakapedza keel zakomars.

Mukati menyika Church rakanyatsojeka kuzviomesera: pamadziro chena usina chetsika kupenda, dema tiled uriri. The chikuru kushongedzwa menyika yagara Vakamupfekedza mifananidzo uye nemasango hwokudhirowa nezvakarukwa. Vamwe zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuonekwa nhasi iri miziyamu pakati wemamongi. Cathedral rakavakwazve kakawanda zvayo kare, asi ayo yepakutanga chitarisiko vakadzorerwa muna 1962.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

1. The Church yakava nzvimbo yokuviga dzakawanda dzinozivikanwa nemasisita pakati wemamongi.
2. Wemamongi chechi panguva kupemberera tercentenary of Romanov youmambo akashanyira Nikolai II.
3. Muchirimo 1994 bhishopi Suzdal uye Vladimirskiy Evlogy akagadza Cathedral of Kurevererwa Musikana. Makore mashomanana gare gare, mumwe mutsva The ina-iconostasis paakagadzwa pano, icho akashongedzwa mifananidzo, uyo akanyora nemasisita.

belfry

mamiriro ichi pakarepo kuona munhu wose anouya Suzdal. Pokrovsky wemamongi ane yakanaka chaizvo bhero shongwe. Riri kuchamhembe-kumavirira Church. repasi chikamu charo stolpoobraznaya chechi yakavakwa muna 1515. Zvakanga octagonal, zvikamu ane cupola. In yechipiri yezana XVII remakore pamusoro chechi yakanga yakavakirwa pana yokufeva weDanho, iyo pamwe chete akamira pedyo noruzhowa, uye yakakwirira tende, yakashongedzwa mitatu yamabwe mahwindo dormer iri pamatanda.

Akafukidza maberere dzaibatanidza bhera shongwe uye Church, dzinoratidzwa vakanatswa yakarongedzwa: maviri yepakutanga archways ennobled rustication uye mahwindo azviveza pamwe kwezvokufuka casings yakakamurwa rusticated pilasters.

masuwo vatsvene

Chimwe Monument yekare wemamongi ndivo Gate Mutsvene uye Gate Church. zvivako izvi zvakare kunzwisisa 1515. Gates rakasiyana nemamwe, pakutanga kwezvose, mabasa avo; vakanga vari kereke uye simba nenhare shongwe.

Treglavaya chechi riri pamusoro quadrangle, iyo kwabva maviri yokufeva mawindo, uye zvinonyatsorehwa nziyo zvikuru yakafanana hurukuro yacho Pokrovsky Cathedral. Pamakona dzekereke pane mbiri chapero duku, iyo korona chiedza ngoma ngowani-domes, uye nechepakati, zvikuru hombe Drum pamwe mahwindo akapfigwa rinoshandisa tiers maviri zakomar.

Dzokunze masvingo yakashongedzwa yakagozha yakarongedzwa chinoratidza woodcarving. Gate Church, zvakare, kakawanda vakavakazve, asi muna 1958 basa kudzorerwa kuitwa racho AD Varganova, akadzokera yepakutanga pakuonekwa nedzimwe Monument.

Trapeznaya Pokrovsky chechechi (Suzdal)

Chivako ichi, iri kuchamhembe Pokrovsky Cathedral, ane zvakawanda chokufananidza muPoland pane wokuRussia mapurani. It yakavakwa 1551. Pakazosvika kuzviomesera chimiro ine nhurikidzwa mbiri chivakwa pedyo yokudyira rakanyatsojeka duku Conception chechi, izvo vangazivikanwa duku cupola. Wandisa hwakavigwa mumakamuri refectory horo, riri panhurikidzwa yechipiri, kutsigira mbiru, amire pakati.

Uriri akanga dzinounzwa basa musha. The chete kushongedzwa ichi chivako anganzi chishongo muchimiro lozenges dzvuku chidhinha, hamvuropu rwakapoteredza chivakwa mukomberedzo. Kurutivi rwamavirazuva pane hexagonal belfry.

Refectory muna Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) rakashandiswa kuti takapoteredzwa outbuildings akawanda. Single-storey kari, yaishandiswa pakubika, rakadzikwa muzana XVII remakore. Nhasi zvinonzi yakadzorerwa uye haiwanzowaniki muenzaniso yemamongi mapurani.

Gidheoni dumba

In kumaodzanyemba wemamongi hwaponeswa Monument wokuRussia vehurumende mapurani - Gidheoni dumba. omukati ayo pakutanga XVIII remakore, vakadzorerwa muna 1970. Mubako kuvaka ndiwo bhegi anonzi ibwe. Yaiva musungwa ndokugarapo.

fenzi

The fence ibwe yemamongi yokutanga chaizvo yakavakwa kare XVI remakore, uye gare gare yakanga reconstructed kakawanda, uye XX remakore AD Varganov nayo akadzorera. Zano iri anguva noruzhowa ane tende neshongwe, isina kushongedzwa, ndezvenguva XVII remakore. It riri kuchamhembe chikamu ndima nokuumba yepachivande pemarata diki. Tower (XVIII remakore), yakashongedzwa hemispherical domes, chaizvo wakajeka. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti, zvichida, pakutanga ivo vaiva canopied.

Hotel "Intercession"

Russian uye vatorwa vashanyi kuyemura Suzdal yekare. Pokrovsky Monastery zvaisanganisira ari purogiramu zvinenge zvose excursions. vafambi vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti pasuo wemamongi vanoona akashambidzika yemapuranga dzimba.

The ndechokuti kumhanya nguva perestroika kumonasitiri raiva hotera "Intercession" chinhu stylized yokurenda. Vaida kumisa vatorwa vashanyi. Muna 2008 hotera ikanyarara mashandiro ayo, uye varidzi akapa wemamongi dzimba. Zvino hoyu nherera kuvasikana, uyewo masero yemamongi.