Silvio Berlusconi: biography, basa rezvematongerwo enyika, hupenyu hwehupenyu

Izvi zvinokakavara, asi pasina mubvunzo, mutungamiri wekuEurope anotyisa ane hondo yevadzivisi nevatsigiri, izvo zvakamubvumira kuramba ari musimba kwemakore anenge makumi maviri. Iye ane kechikwata chebhora reMican, ane danda rekutonga muFinninvest, ndiye muridzi wemabhengi, ane hurukuro yezvinyorwa-zvose ndezveSilvio Berlusconi. Nhoroondo yemumwe wevanhu vakapfuma kwazvo panyika (nzvimbo yechi 118 maererano nemagazini yeForbes) inopesana zvikuru, yakazara yezvakanaka uye zvishoma, kubudirira kwekunzwa uye kugadzirisa maitiro, asi zvechokwadi kunonakidza.

Kutanga kwebasa rakanaka

Guta rake reMilan, apo Silvio akaberekwa musi waSeptember 29, 1936. Baba vake, Luigi Berlusconi, vaiva vashandi vebhangi, uye amai vake - Rosella Bossi - amai veimba. Gare gare vakave nevamwe vana vaviri, Maria naPaolo. Mhuri yaive nemari yakawanda, asi nekuedza kwevabereki vose vana vakagamuchira maitiro akakodzera. Silvio Berlusconi akapedza kudzidza nekukudzwa kubva muKaturike Lyceum, uye gare garewo kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMilan, kwaakadzidza mutongi. Nokuda kwepfungwa dzake iye akatogamuchira mubairo. Kunyange mumazuva evadzidzi Berlusconi akatanga kutsvaga mukana wekuwana mararamiro ake munzira dzakasiyana-siyana - kubva mune zvekutengeswa kwemarudzi ose ezvigadzirwa kumitambo yezvikepe zvekutya. Basa rokutanga rokusingaperi raakagamuchira mukambani yekuvaka muna 1957. Pave paya, akange akafadzwa zvikuru nemunda unobudirira webasa iro mumakore 10 wakatanga sangano rake rokuvaka rainzi "Edilnord." Bhizinesi rakabudirira kwazvo zvokuti Silvio akazvipira makore anenge makumi maviri eupenyu hwake kune bhizimisi iri. Muna 1978, akanga atotanga nhengo yekambani yake Fininvest.

Uyu mutengesi wemabhizimisi

Asi mutengesi wechidiki aitsvaga nzvimbo itsva dzekuita basa. Chimwe chezvitoro zvekutanga kwazvo munyika yacho zvakazarurirwa kwavari. Asi yakabudirira chaizvo nekuda kwekugadzwa kwekutanga kutengesa terevhizheni yeItaly muna 1980. Mumwe muzvinabhizimisi akabudirira akatanga kukudziridza urongwa uhwu, kuwana nekuzarura mitsva itsva yeTV kwete chete munyika yake, asiwo muEurope yose, uyewo akaisa mari mune zvikamu zveimwe zvinyorwa zvemashoko. Basa rake idzva raiva kambani yekudhinda "Pubitalia'80". Panguva imwecheteyo, muzvinabhizimisi aisakundikana aifarira bhizinesi rekubudisa mabhuku, iro rakaguma rakaguma mukugadzirwa kweMandadori Publishing House, iyo mumakore ekuma 1990 yakatanga kuva Arnoldo Mandadori Editor Trust. Uye muna 1986, rimwe remari rakabudirira zvikuru reItaly rakakosha raiva yekuwana kwebhokisi rebhola "Milan", iro rakavonekwa iye akava mutungamiri.

Zvitsva zvakaitika

Pakupera kwema1980 Berlusconi akanga atova mumwe wevanhu vakapfuma zvikuru muItaly, kunze kwekubata kwebasa ravo, bhizimusi rebhidhiyo nekambani yebhola, muna 1988, ruzivo rwemahofisi makuru emadhipatimendi La Standardo rakawedzerwa. Kwapera nguva yakati, mumakore ekuma90, Berlusconi akatanga nhengo yeFininvest Mediaset, nzvimbo huru dzekutsvaga, multimedia, terevhizheni uye mafirimu. Vanhu vashomanana vanoziva nezvekugadzirwa kwaSilvio Berlusconi. Mafirimu aakatsigira pakutanga kwema1990 haazivikanwi kuvanhu vose. Iyi ndiyo "Matambudziko evanhu", "Ancestors", "Gungwa reMediterranean", pamwe chete nezviitiko zvakawanda. Asi dhiyabhorosi haana kumbomira ipapo, achiziva zvose zvitsva zvebasa rezvemabhizimisi, somuenzaniso, sehushuwarenzi. Muzvigadzirwa zvaro zvakanyorwawo zvakasiyana-siyana mari.

Enda mberi kune zvematongerwo enyika!

Muna 1994, chimiro chitsva chakaonekwa panyika - Silvio Berlusconi. I "Pamberi, Italy!" Chechi pakutanga yaiva sangano rezvematongerwo enyika, nokukurumidza kuwana mukurumbira kuburikidza nemafungiro ayo matsva uye chimiro chakanaka chemu mutungamiriri. Chirevo chayo chikuru chaiva nekubatanidzwa kwezvirevo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai sekusununguka kwevanhu uye hurumende yevanhu vakawanda. Dare rakakunda nyika yose rudo nekuteerera tsika dzechechi neKaturike. Silvio Berlusconi akava mutungamiri weItaly, apinda musarudzo muna March 1994, uye ari pakati-kurudyi "Kutungamira, Italy!" Yakagamuchirwa kupfuura 40% yevhoti ndokuumba sangano pamwe nemamwe mapato. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mumutemo wake ndechekudzivirira kwekufamba kune dzimwe nyika, kunyanya kubva kuAfrica. Asi hurumende yake haina kutora gore, sangano rakaputsika nekuda kwekusawirirana, uye Berlusconi akarega uye mushure mekusarudzwa kwemashure mutsva muna 1996 akapinda mukushorwa.

Zvinyorwa zviviri zvinotevera

Muna 2001, Silvio Berlusconi zvakare akasarudza kumhanyira kunzvimbo yemutungamiriri wehurumende nehurongwa hwakasarudzwa hwekusarudza, izvo zvinosanganisirazve nyaya dzekuenda kune dzimwe nyika, kuchinja kuwanda uye kuwedzera kwehupenyu hwevanhu. Mukusarudzwa kweparamende kwegore rimwechete, sangano re "House of Freedom" rakakunda kukunda kwakasimba, uye Silvio zvakare akaonekwa pamberi wehurumende. Asi kare muna 2002, nekuda kwekuiswa kwe euro muItaly, muitiro wekurarama wevagari vemo wakaderera, pasinei nezvivimbiso zvekusarudzwa kwehutungamiri. Pachine nguva yake yechipiri, Berlusconi akatora imwe nzira yekukwirirana neUnited States uye akatsigira kuendeswa kwemauto kuIraq. Itaire zvakare yakatumira zvigaro zvayo zvehondo kune iyo kutsigira vashandi. Hurumende yeSilvio Berlusconi yakaramba iine simba kubva munaJune 2001 kusvikira munaEpril 2005 uye, pasinei nokuwa kwebumbiro uye kusunungurwa kwekupedzisira, yakazova imwe yevanhu vakagara kwenguva yakareba mumutauro weItaly. Nemhaka yenhamo yehurumende, sachigaro weChristian Council of Ministers akadzoka zvakare kunzvimbo yake yekupera kwaApril 2005, uye hurumende yake ichangobva kuumbwa yakashanda kune rimwe gore.

Kunyadziswa mune zvematongerwo enyika

Mumwaka wegore ra2006, sarudzo dzakaitwa zvakare. Achitenda mutemo wake, Calderoli, uyo anobva abuda zvinopfuura hafu yezvigaro muparamende yekupinda mutambo, Silvio Berlusconi uye hurumende yake yakangorasikirwa zvishoma nechokuruboshwe, asi izvi zvainge zvakakwana kuti zvirasike. Somugumisiro, "Pamberi, Italy!" Uye nyanzvi yake yekukurudzira yakaenda mukurwisana uye muna 2007 yakabatana nehurumende ye "People of Freedom". Mukusarudzwa kwa2008, Berlusconi akapomerwa mhosva yekuputira uye kudzvinyirira pamusoro pezvinyorwa, asi pasinei nezvose, mutungamiri wekuItaly anonyanya kushamwaridzana akanga ari pachigaro cheBumbi reMasangano kwechina. Zvisinei, zvinokanganisa zvakasiyana siyana zvakaperekedza izwi rose raSilvio Berlusconi. Akatopomerwa muna 2009. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu aipisa, kunyanya pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu ekuderera kwehupfumi muItaly, tsvina yekupedzisira yaiva mhaka yemhosva yakazarurirwa kumutungamiriri wehurumende, saka munaNovember 2011, akarega zvakare. Vachitaura nezvenyaya yakaipa, munyori wezvematongerwe enyika akatosarudza kudzoka muna 2012, asi akarasikirwa nesarudzo kune vezvematongerwo enyika uye zvakare akazviwana ari kupikisana. Muna 2014, akatongerwa kusabhadhara mitero, akagamuchira gore remabasa ehurumende uye kurambidzwa kubatanidzwa mumabasa ehurumende.

Upenyu hwega

Silvio Berlusconi nevadzimai vake vave vachigara vachitarisa vanhu uye nhau. Mukurwisana kwemashure akawanda emanzwi uye makuhwa, zvose zvewanano yake hazvisi kunyange dzakakurumbira, nokuti dzinobatanidzwawo nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutongwa. Aine mudzimai wake wokutanga, Kara Elvira Dell'Olho, zvinhu zvose zvakanaka chaizvo. Vakaroorana muna 1965, vane vana vaviri, Maria Elvira uye Pierzelvio. Vakaroorana vakarambana mushure mokunge Silvio awira murudo naVeronica Lario mumakore ekuma80, avo vakazova mukadzi wake. Mushure memakore makumi matatu ekuroora uye kuberekwa kwevana vatatu - Barbara, Eleonora naLuigi, pamwe chete nematambudziko akawanda ane chivimbo chekusatendeseka, vaviri vacho vakapedzisira varambana muna 2014. Asi kunze kwekuenderera mberi kwaisazova Silvio Berlusconi. Mukadzi wacho akakumbira alimony yaive yakakodzera kwaari maererano nemutemo, uye wezvematongerwo enyika akaedza kuderedza mari yacho nezvose zvinogona kuitwa. Vaimbova mutungamiriri wehurumende vaipomerwa mhosva dzepabonde dzinosanganisira vana vaduku, asi akaregererwa zvachose muna 2011. Mumwe mudiwa anodiwa naSilvio akaonekwa mugore rimwe chete. Yaiva mufananidzo Francesca Pascali. Nezvezvinyorwa zvinonakidza zvehupenyu hweBerlusconi: akagamuchira mibairo yakawanda uye mirairo yemarudzi akasiyana, akabudiswa matatu albhamu, akaita chirongwa chepurasitiki, ari nhengo yeMasonic lodge, uyewo shamwari yaVladimir Putin.