Refugees mu Europe. How kuwana mupoteri hweHIV?

Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira misoro, iyo yava kukurukurwa panguva dzakasiyana-siyana mumatunhu - vapoteri mu Europe. Zvechokwadi, nyaya chokuita navo, uye kutyisidzira kwavo kuchitendero tsika nemararamiro European, akazvitorera mumapepanhau. Asi zvichida haana zvose zvakaita sokuti pakutanga kuaona? Ngatitorei tsanangudzo kuongorora nyaya, uye panguva imwecheteyo kudzidza kuti mupoteri chinzvimbo munyika dzokuEurope.

Ndivanaani vapoteri?

Chokutanga, ngationei ndiani anofanira akataura vapoteri vari Mupfungwa yakazara.

Vapoteri - vanhu avo, nokuda zvimwe zvikonzero kunoshamisa akasiya zvachose nzvimbo yokugara. Zvikonzero izvi zvingava zvakasiyana: hondo, dzinongoitika kana nevanhu njodzi, political udzvanyiriri, nzara, etc ...

Vapoteri vose inogona mapoka mapoka maviri: nechinzwano zvekunze. Misha yavo - Ndivo vanhu vari kumanikidzwa kuti vachinje nzvimbo yavo yokugara mukati ezvinhu. Kwokunze, nekusiyana, vari kutamira kune dzimwe nyika. Sezvo isu ichakurukurwa vapoteri kumabvazuva Europe, ticharamba kutaura chete pamusoro kwokunze vanotama.

nyaya nhoroondo

Vapoteri mu Europe - iri mubvunzo kwete zuro. Iye yave kutanga kwemakumi emakore. Economic Kugadzirwa Europe hwagara sokuti vagari wechitatu nyika nyika somunhu neparadhiso. Zvaidavirwa kuti, kamwe pashure kutamira pano, tinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko ose zvemari. Saka, munyika European kutsvaka kwete chete kune vanhu uchinyatsoda pokugara, asiwo vaya kungoti kurota ane upenyu nani. Saka, nyaya vapoteri hwakada zvakanyatsobatana nyaya zvisiri pamutemo yokutama.

aibuda vapoteri kupinda Europe ikatanga panopera Hondo Yenyika II. Izvi akwanise nokusavapo yokurwisana nezvombo kondinendi, yepamusoro upenyu munyika dzeEurope, uyewo zvishoma nezvishoma mazvake mitemo vevanhu. Nokufamba kwenguva, kuerera kunova vachiwedzera, akatendeuka kare kuti tsika, wevanotungamirira uye upfumi chinetso Europe pacharo.

Zvikonzero vaitamira dambudziko

Asi chaiyo vaitamira dambudziko rakanga chete pakutanga 2015. Izvi akwanise ne hombe kuparara ekare hwoudzvinyiriri kuMiddle East, izvo kwakaitika ezana XXI remakore, izvo zvakakonzera bongozozo munyika idzi pamwe, kunyanya hondo yevagari muSiriya yechipiri. vapoteri kuti muSiriya Europe panguva idambudziko guru kuti zviremera zvenyika dzeEU. Mukuwedzera, chinokosha chikamu vanotama vaiva vanhu vaibva Iraq, Afghanistan nePuti, sezvo paiva yakanyanya zvikuru kurwa munyika idzi.

Uyezve, mamwe zvikonzero mutsika vapoteri Europe runoonekwa kuti haingakwaniri mari misasa yavo muna Joridhani, Turkey neRebhanoni, uyewo chinokosha rokuwedzera nharaunda raitungamirwa magandanga sangano "kwechiIslam State." Uyewo, panguva iyoyo yakaramba kurwa Libya, mamwe kuwedzerwa zvinhu.

Huru dambudziko rakanga kwete zvikuru mutsika vapoteri sezvo kusada kunyika dzokuEurope kutsungirira kwamuka mamiriro ezvinhu. The mupoteri ezvinhu Europe iri kuramba chakawedzerwa ne: havana nzvimbo nenzvimbo, uye kupa vanotama asina kuisa mamwe mari mu EU bhajeti. Uyezve, nyika dzokuEurope hamungavuyipo rwakafanana chibvumirano hwokubata vapoteri. Mumwe mamiriro vangada nechokwadi brunt vevanhu vaifanira kutora dzimwe nyika, asi kwete kwaari.

Directions rwokufamba vapoteri Europe

Pakutanga, chikuru nokuyerera vapoteri kupinda mukati Europe nomugungwa - mhiri Mediterranean kubva Africa. Yaiva nzira nengozi zvikuru. Muna April 2015 rakauya iyo vakati vanopfuura 1,000 anorarama dungwerungwe nepagungwa dzoga pamwechete nezvikepe vatama avo tikurirwe. Uyezve, nzira iyi haisi kubvumirwa kupinda Europe vakawanda vanoda nokuda yakaderera anokwanisa mugungwa zvifambiso.

Asi muna May, vapoteri vakawana nzira itsva - vachishandisa muBalkans. Zvaiva nani zvikuru kune yapfuura mumwe, mukuwedzera, akanga zvachose parinogumira bandwidth, iyo yakawedzera zvikuru mutsika vanotama kuti Europe.

Zvinofanira kugamuchira vapoteri

The dambudziko raiva pakuti, maererano Schengen zvibvumirano, tsika Kudzorwa pakati EU Member States yakanga yabviswa uye akaramba chete panguva kwokunze kumuganhu European Union. Naizvozvo, kamwe muna mumwe ari dzeEU, vapoteri waikwanisa kufamba takasununguka mune dzimwe EU inoti.

Maererano muDublin zvibvumirano, mutoro ichipa kuwana munharaunda vamhan'ari kuti mupoteri chinzvimbo kuradzikwa yokutanga EU nyika uko vakawira. Saka, usati kuti kubvuma kuti munharaunda kuti State zviremera vanofanira kuongorora zvakadzama nyaya yokusarudza, zvirokwazvo vatama kutsvaga hupoteri kana vanhuwo vashandi pamutemo. Asi kuMiddle East pane mamiriro ezvinhu kuti vakawanda vakatamira kuita mutemo European kodzero mupoteri mamiriro. Asi, nokuda nhamba dzavo, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti ritsigire ukoshi hwomukova neimwe. Naizvozvo, pane zviitiko zvakawanda apo, pamwe vapoteri EU munharaunda rakapinda vanotama.

The delicacy acho ezvinhu akanga ari chokwadi kuti, zviri zvakafanana muDublin zvibvumirano nyika kuti maiva vapoteri, anovapa kodzero chokugara mundima yavo. Asi kana vanhu ava kungadai zvawanikwa pamusoro munharaunda vamwe EU nhengo rinoti, vaifanira kuva vakaendeswa wokutanga nyika uko purofiti. Saka, maererano epamba mitemo yacho European Union, chikuru mutoro asunga vanhu vakapiwa kuti nyika pamuganhu, iyo, sezvingatarisirwa, yokupedzisira vaiona tsvete. Izvi chaizvoizvo nokuda kwounyanzvi mahwanda muna EU.

kusembura of dambudziko

Vapoteri pamusoro kondinendi European infiltrated kubva Turkey, kuburikidza Greece uye Macedonia. Wokupedzisira izvi hachisi nhengo EU, uye saka akanga asina akabatanidza muDublin zvibvumirano. Pakutanga Macedonia akaedza kuti usatadza vapoteri munharaunda yavo, asi ivo dzakapasanura napakati ematongerwo. Pashure paizvozvo, hurumende simba kuti ape IDPs-zuva matatu vhiza kuti hapana kunyoresa akabvumira kuyambuka muganhu Macedonia pamugwagwa EU. Izvi zvakasimbisa itsva kuti vapoteri Europe kwakawedzera yekudyidzana kuwanda. Saka, hurumende Macedonian kuvhura vharuvhu, iyo rega chekubuda vanotama kuramba Europe nokuramba kutora kuti tive nechokwadi pachavo.

Vapoteri kutanga akaenda dzimwe nyika yaimbova Yugoslavia (Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia), uye ipapo - muAustria uye Hungary. Zvechokwadi dzinotaura yokusvika vapoteri vakawanda vaiva inoti pamwe soro mararamiro - the Air nyika, Germany, France, uye Great Britain.

Kuwanda misha

Zvino ngationei vapoteri vangani mu Europe. Muna 2015, apo paiva yepamusoro yokutama vatama, vanenge 700 000 vanhu kushandisa kuti mupoteri mamiriro kwave vakanyorwa muEurope.

Chii nyika vanosarudza kuvapoteri vari Europe? Germany ndiyo nehondo anenge 31% vevanhu vose, Hungary - 13%, Italy - 6%, France - 6%, Sweden - 5%, Austria - 5%, UK - 3%. The soro arambe achirema kutamira hama kuti mugari Vagari nyika - muHungary. Pano nhamba mupoteri rinosvika 0,7% of zvachose kwevanhu. A mukuru inorwara vatamira Germany, Austria neSweden. Vapoteri muEurope, kumusoro, kubvira 0.2 kusvika 0.3% kubva zvachose kwevanhu.

Nezvinetso vaitamira dambudziko

Vapoteri Europe ndakasika dzinoverengeka zvinetso European inoti mumwe nomumwe, uye nokuda EU sesangano.

Chekutanga zvose zviri:

• nyaya okuwedzera mari;
• enyika mapoka muEU panyaya nechokuita vanotama;
• ngozi kugumiswa munzvimbo Schengen;
• kudiwa kuwedzera havashandisi mari yakawanda pamusoro vatsigirane vapoteri;
• kupokanidzana pakati dzeEU;
• makwikwi misha pamwe veko pabasa pamusika;
• mainstreaming mukati munhu dzeEU kuti mubve nhengo dzaro;
• sefungu ugandanga.

Mubvunzo wokupedzisira wava kunyanya kukurumidza kuitwa pashure France, Belgium uye Germany, kwaiva dzakatevedzana kurwiswa nemagandanga, izvo zvaisanganisira kusanganisira vapoteri.

Nzira mhinduro

Pasinei kwakakura dambudziko vapoteri hazvina sezvisingakundiki kuti Europe. With yakakodzera yokutaura, dambudziko iri rinogona kugadziriswa, asi izvi zvinoda nepavanogona chiito pakati zvose dzeEU. Panguva ino tiri kuona nyika yose European vari kuedza kuderedza kwokuomerwa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi pamafudzi mamwe anoti.

A yakakura dambudziko yaizova kumira ruvengo pamusoro nharaunda kunyika panobva mafashamo vapoteri, uyewo kuvandudza magariro uye zvinhu kuchengeteka kwevanhu munyika idzi.

Mumwe nzira kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko chevapoteri chinhu asiri kubvuma kuti nharaunda EU kana nokudzokorora mitemo pakatanga zvikuru inoomesera nezvirambidzo, kana kusikwa muupoteri munyika yechitatu inogutsa nderemagariro.

Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vakawanda vanofunga kuti kana dzeEU kuti zvakanaka kuparadzira Rwako kutamira pachavo uye kuti vagadze sangano zvakajeka kunyange kurarama panguva mutsika vapoteri haangavi kwavari zvinetso zvakakomba.

Muitiro chokuwana mupoteri

Zvino ngationei sei kuti mupoteri chinzvimbo muna EU.
Kuti vawane mamiriro ichi, mumwe munhu anofanira kuratidza kuti pamba akanga vakatambudzwa nokuda dzechitendero, nyika, dzinza kana magariro chikonzero. Rinonyatsooneka chikonzero zvikunde vapoteri mamiriro hondo iri mundima chizvarwa mamiriro nokuda vatama.

Kuti vawane mamiriro munhu nokushandisa nokuti, anofanira kuzadza fomu kuti hupoteri profile. Next zvigunwe uye rakagara kuchipatara basa. Zvadaro, mukati mwedzi anyora chikumbiro, Kutama Service anoitisa kubvunzurudzwa pamutemo (kubvunzurudza). Pahwaro chisarudzo charo pamusoro hupoteri.

General zvechadenga dambudziko

Chokwadi, dambudziko vapoteri ndeimwe inonetsa zvikuru muEurope ano uye nyika. Kugadzirisa nyaya iyi misha yavo iri zvoupfumi uye enyika ndege. Panyaya iyi, chinhu chechipiri chinotonyanya kukosha. Pashure pezvose, kwehondo roga kuMiddle East kugadzirisa dambudziko mutsva pamwero mukuru mutsika vanotama.

Chero zvazvingava, kugadzirisa dambudziko vapoteri kunyika dzokuEurope vachava zvichibvira chete padzinoshanda panze zvakafanana mutemo chokuita nyaya iyi uye zvichava zvakajeka uye mirawo kutevera.