Rabbi - Munhu anoziva sei kududzira mutemo wechiJudha

Shoko "Rabhi" pamusoro zvinoisa zhinji aomerwa. Vavakabayira kudana vaJudha - muparidzi, mupristi, kana chete vane kuziva Torah murume? mubvunzo uyu akapindura munzira dzakasiyana uye kakawanda zvikuru dzinopesana. Kuti tinzwisise kwazvo zvose, ngatiedzei vagonzwisisa.

Nezvekwakabva shoko "Rabhi"

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani, pakati pevaJudha vaaizoshanyira anogona kunzi Rabhi, yeuka kuti shoko rechiHebheru "Rabhi" rinoreva "ishe" kana "mudzidzisi wangu." It yava nenguva ichishandiswa pachinhu varume vakadzidza uye vatungamiriri vechitendero - ndiko kuti, kune vaya zvakasiyana noruzivo rwake uye saka akanga kodzero zvikuru kuremekedza.

Kutonga zvinyorwa, akati izwi akatanga kushandiswa anenge 1. n. e. Kunyange New Testament vadzidzi noruremekedzo anoreva Jesu: Rabhi. Uye munguva iri Talmud, Rabhi - zita iri basa dare kana Talmudic Academy kuti munhu akadzadzwa kudzidza yakakwana, unogona kuita uchiziva zvisarudzo pasango mutemo.

How kubhadhara basa Rabbi

Sezvineiwo, wokutanga rabbi havana kugamuchira mari basa iri, uye saka vakanga kumanikidzwa zvebhizimisi kana basa, kuitira kuti awane nechouviri. Gamuchirai mubhadharo kubva munharaunda aigona vaya akava mudzidzisi, kana chete kuswera mune chevaRabhi mumatare.

Kana ukaedza muchidimbu kutsanangura zvinhu chikuru kushanda rabhi akanga tinogona kutaura izvi: rabhi - murume kwazvo vakadzidza uye saka anokwanisa kudzidzisa uye kududzira mutemo wechiJudha. Kwaari zvaibvira kutsvaka mhinduro kuti yomuka gakava mumatare.

Vanarabhi kwagara airemekedzwa nevanhu, nomukova nevaJudha, uye vakanakidzwa dzimwe ropafadzo nokuda ichi. Saka, pakazosvika rechi15. misha yevaJudha vamusarudze rabhi uye akaripa naye nguva muhoro, uye iye mberi achipfeka Somuenzaniso, riri kutarisira dzidzo uye kuchengeta mitemo kushandiswa kwezvokudya (kashrut), kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana zvakakosha.

Ko mufundisi kuparidzwa?

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuparidza uye mumishinari basa kwete kare mune mabasa rabhi, sezvo muchiJudha hakuna chinhu chakadaro. Asi Munharaunda panguva iyoyo rabhi - kazhinji ane Cantor, Mohel (munhu kuitisa yokudzingiswa vakomana Jewish achangoberekwa) kana Shoher (slaughterer anoita tsika wokuurayisa). Kureva, kwete zvakananga, asi enderana zvaidiwa zvinodiwa Torah rabbi vakatakura ruzivo yechitendero vomunyika yake.

The rabhi akataura kakawanda uye somumiririri munharaunda pamberi pamasimba achireva basa akadai nekunhonga mitero.

In makuru munzanga basa vaiva Vanarabhi akawanda. Uye muIsraeri uye UK, somuenzaniso, hapana kare mukuru rabhi munyika, nharaunda uye guta.

Mabasa Vanarabhi muRussia

Munyika dzose pane nevaJudha, rabbi kazhinji chete basa ravo kuti chitendero uye zvikoro. Rabbinate kazhinji vanobatanidzwa nehurumende kuzviisa pasi, uye kwayakaita inodzorwa nemitemo chaiyo kana mitemo.

Saka, muna Tsarist Russia wakatangwa mumurayiro 1855 kuti waida vanhu rinorondedzerwa pavanaRabhi, akadzidziswa avanarabhi chikoro kana kugamuchira dzidzo vakawanda chesekondari uye tertiary masangano. Kana musarudzo idzi havana kutendeuka kubva, kuti vomunharaunda aibvumirwa kukoka masayendisiti vaJudha kunze (wokupedzisira utongi yakaguma muna yakafanira).

Rabhi weRussia aifanira kuziva German, Polish kana girama Russian. Human qualifiers, hurumende dzematunhu akagadzwa yepamutemo chinzvimbo, uye akava anonzi pamutemo rabhi. Asi nokuti kuti, sezvo mutemo, vanhu ava havana kuva zvakafanira ruzivo kusangana uye kuitisa mhemberero yechitendero, pamwe navo munharaunda, paivawo rabhi womudzimu, kusarudzwa munharaunda pachayo.

kusarudzwa ake kwemakore matatu uye kuwedzera netsika nokunamata zvinoisa musengwa kuitisa kuzvarwa, uyewo kusarudza kwemamiriro kana pokufa muchato.

Vanarabhi munguva yedu

MuRussia ano, sezvo kunyange dzimwe nyika munyika, nhasi pavanaRabhi munharaunda pasi mumwe munhu akapfeka musoro "Supreme kana mukuru rabhi." Izvi basa rokureva mutungamiri yechiJudha yakanga pamutemo muna 1990

The huru kusimbisa mabasa rabhi kuitwa pamusoro dzidzo uye magariro mabasa. The chikuru muupenyu hwavo basa pamwe vomuchechi, mharidzo, uyewo kuita mabasa munzanga yechiJudha.

Munguva yedu, Rabhi - kuchikonzerwa mutungamiri mumudzimu uyo kwete chete anodzidzisa Torah uye anoziva subtleties zvaidiwa zvechitendero, asi anogona kupa mhinduro chero mubvunzo kana kugadzirisa ezvinhu akaoma chaizvo. Rabbi anogona kuva chero vakadzikama munhu akadzidziswa. Asi pano tiine kodzero zvakaoma. Pashure pezvose, munhu anotendeukira kwaari kumirira Rabbi Council, kwete chete pamano ruzivo, asiwo uchenjeri vakatakura kuburikidza emakore.