Popper kuti chokuratidza. Disclaimer uye provability

Remakore nemipfumbamwe yaiva nguva apo paiva yakajeka kukura muuzivi positivism. Nechekwokutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, mukuvamba 1900s, yakaumbwa nevanhu inonzi Vienna Circle masayendisiti vaiona kuti sayenzi yakanaka, ndivo dzakaoma chokuita nevanhu, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vavo vakanga pachavo kwevanhu. Pakati nhengo Vienna Circle unokosha aiva Karl Popper. Zvavakawana ake zvaikosha chaizvo. Popper kwakaita chokuratidza rinoshanda kwete chete kuti sayenzi asiwo pakutonga tsika.

Purofesa akatsamwa?

Herr Popper aiva mudzidzisi yakaoma chaizvo hunhu. Aigona kudzinga mudzidzi aine hurukuro pamusoro kuchangotanga Kusawirirana kana mubvunzo benzi. Zvisinei, vaya vanoda kumuteerera aigara kwazvo. To muuzivi Popper nehanya prohibitively kutsoropodza, akakurudzira vadzidzi kufunga vakazvimiririra, asi inzwi panguva hurukuro ake aiva nebhizimisi nengozi. Kunyanya kana mudzidzi akabvunza kana zvichibvira kushandisa nheyo falsifiability kusvikira nheyo falsifiability. Zvakanga zvakakwana kutaura zviri nyore tautological mashoko kuti mudzidzisi ane meso akatsvuka. Chii musimboti Popper?

Science ane ehupfumi

Kuti kuverenga mashoko, munhu pfungwa kana dzidziso sayenzi, zvakafanira kuti zviri musimboti zvinobvira kuvhara. Popper kwakaita chokuratidza rinoti pane rebuttable vasingasiyani chepfungwa zivo yesayenzi. Kana chinhu haugoni disproved, zvino uye haukwanisi uchapupu. Panewo chinodiwa kuitira kuti mashoko akanga zvakakwana pachena, kana mashoko, pfungwa kana dzidziso kurasikirwa refutable. Kana hazvibviri kuramba ndakatendeka ruzivo, ipapo kutsigira iye chete achiita Yesayenzi.

Falsity haina nekusimba

Popper kwakaita chokuratidza inoti ruzivo, isina rebuttable anoita hazvo nhema. dzisiri zvakawanda Somuenzaniso, havasi nhema vanongotevera nesayenzi - ndiko, zvechokwadi haagoni kwakaratidza. Tichangobva handizivi, uye haagoni kuziva zvachose. Chii ruzivo chokuratidza Popper rwoga chinoita Yesayenzi?

Kunyanya nechokwadi nokuremekedza ichi, vanonzi esoteric ruzivo. Dzinowanzotanga zvikuru kwazvo akagadzira, mumwe munhu anogona kukuwanira zvinosimbisa kana achida. Vazhinji esoteric nheyo hazvigoni kuongororwa, saka ruzivo urwu mhando anofanira anoonekwa somunhu chigadzirwa zvousimbe kwevanhu akasikirwa yokufaranuka. Asi regai kuvabata kuzvikoshesa.

Arkansas bhizimisi

Sezvambotaurwa, chokuratidza akashandisa Popper uye jurisprudence. Somugumisiro, nyaya dzidziso zvakasikwa muzvikoro kwave vakaratidza kuti dzidziso iyi hazvigoni kunzi sechikamu sayenzi zvepanyama, uye tinofanira kutora nzvimbo mukufamba chitendero, kubvira ruzivo urwu mhando hazvigoni akaratidza uye pachena. Pashure chiitiko ichi, muna 1982, musimboti ichi chaifanira kushandiswa mune ramangwana kana kuti kusarudza zvesayenzi kana nesayenzi, kunyange litigation uyu mhando - husiri nyore kuwana kunyange pakati vokuAmerica vanoda kunokumbira.

Saka, Karl Popper nheyo ano kunzwisisa nesayenzi. Kuti akakwanisa nekutaura chii nguva yedu munhu sokuti pachena. Zvisinei, kwete saka pachena kana tikayeuka zvinobatsira esotericism ...