Plato kwakaita uzivi.

Plato ndiro rakakura kare muzivi wechiGiriki. mudzidzisi wake akanga Socrates pachake. Plato - muvambi Academy - chikoro dzakavanzika uzivi. Onawo kuti ndiye muvambi idealist uzivi.

uzivi hwaPlato, zvishoma pamusoro izvo munhu haagoni kutaura, akaita mupiro mukuru kukura nesayenzi ichi. Murume uyu akanga asina chete anofunga kukuru, asi mudzidzisi anogona kusimbisa vadzidzi chido ruzivo. Kusiyana mudzidzisi wake, iye akasiya mabasa mazhinji akanyorwa. Chinonyanya kukosha kwavari:

- Apology yaSocrates;

- Laws;

- The State;

- Gorgias;

- Parmelid;

- Feodon.

Vazhinji mabasa ake akanga akanyorwa muchimiro nhaurirano.

Plato kwakaita uzivi

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ndiye akatanga idealism. dzidziso yake rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma ndivo mazano anotevera:

- nyika yakatipoteredza ari dzichichinja. Iye haapo somunhu yoga fuma;

- anogona zvechokwadi chete kuvapo usina muviri (mambure) pfungwa;

- nyika - hazvina asi zvinoratidza pfungwa yakaisvonaka;

- Pfungwa akachena kugara, isingaperi, wechokwadi;

- zvose zviripo nezvinhu zvakatipoteredza tiri kupangidza pfungwa yepakutanga - kuti akachena.

Plato akaisa mberi pfungwa dzidziso vanamwari vatatu vatatu. Sezvazvakanyorwamo hwaro zvose aripo kunobva matatu zvinhu: rimwe, pfungwa, mweya.

Mumwe hazvisi hwaro hwose, irege chokuita chero nevakawanda zvinhu. Chaizvoizvo, muuzivi Plato, anoti kuroorwa ndiyo nheyo pfungwa hwakachena. Chimwe chinhu.

Kubva pfungwa imwe chete chaitika. Haasi chete aparadzana nevakawanda, asi chiri pakatarisana. Icho chinhu pakati musimboti zvose, mumwe zvavo wevapenyu zvose.

The mweya, muchiitiko ichi, chiri Mobile fuma, unobatanidza pfungwa dzakadai "mumwe - hapana," uyewo "pfungwa - mhenyu". uyewo asunga zvakakwana zvinhu zvose uye mananara munyika yedu. Mweya munyika uye munhu. Rinogonawo kuva zvinhu. Mweya zvinhu uye zvipenyu - ndiko chimedu mweya wenyika. Ivo haifi, uye rufu yepasi - kungotadza chikonzero kuitwa imwe deko itsva. Changing kwomuviri goko iri pakutsvaga dzinongoitika mitemo pezvakasikwa.

uzivi hwaPlato kazhinji anobata dzidziso ruzivo - ndiko epistemology. Plato akapikisa kuti pfungwa chaiyo inofanira kuva nyaya ruzivo nokuti zvinhu yose chinhu asi kupangidza pavo.

uzivi Plato ndiyo kazhinji anobata zvinetso ehurumende. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mibvunzo yakafanana vamutangira asiri akabata. Maererano Plato, pane kuti hurumende mhando nomwe:

- umambo. Kwakavakirwa kururama simba munhu mumwe;

- vanodzvinyirirwa. Zvakafanana umambo, asi kusaruramisira simba;

- the vakakwirira. Rinobatanidzwa ne mutemo akanaka pamusoro boka revanhu;

- oligarchy. Apo simba runobva kuna boka revanhu vanobata zvisakarurama;

- hweruzhinji. Pano, simba ndohwaJehovha ruzhinji, unova mutemo wokururamisira;

- timocracy. Kutonga kusaruramisira ruzhinji.

Uzivi Plato anounza nezverangano nemamiriro hurumende imwe mhando. In mamiriro ichi, vanhu vose vari muzvikamu zvitatu pakufara mumapoka: vashandi, vazivi, uye varwi. Munhu wose anofanira kuita chimwe chinhu. Uchifunga nyaya iyi, Plato kazhinji ainetseka pamusoro private pfuma.

Plato naAristotle

Idzidziso dzaPlato naAristotle vane zvakawanda zvakafanana. Izvi hazvishamisi, sezvo wechipiri ari mudzidzisi kutanga. Aristotle akatsoropodza Plato nokuda pfungwa ake akachena, nokuti ndaifunga kuti nyika iri dzichichinja - funga chinhu zvinogoneka chete pachishandiswa kuchinja vakatora nzvimbo kumativi. Maererano Aristotle, pane chete vamwe chaiyo uye munhu nezvinhu, uye pfungwa dzakanaka ndiko chaizvoizvo zvisingaiti uye musoro.