Pfungwa, misimboti, maitiro, nhanho, marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana kumabasa. Social kudyidzana siyana ...

Social Kudyidzana, dzidziso, misimboti uye nezvimiro zvayo Implementation vanoonekwa Mapato yerudzi rutsva nokuda Russia. Zvisinei, pasinei neizvi, zvave zvakatobviswa matanho dzinovaka zvainanga kusikwa nemasangano zvakakodzera. Ngatimboongororai zvimwe chii chinoumba nhungamiro, nezvimiro, magariro Kudyidzana.

General unhu

Social Kudyidzana, pfungwa, maitiro, marudzi vakagamuchira pamutemo nenzvimbo, anomira inonyatsobudirira nzira yokugadzirisa kunetsana kufarira kunobva chinangwa hukama pakati nevavanoshandira uye vashandi. Kunosanganisira nzira nekuita rinovaka nemhaka zvibvumirano zvibvumirwano pakati vatungamiriri zvebhizimisi uye zvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa. Pfungwa zvese, marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana kuumba hwaro basa ILO wacho. The sangano riri akamira yakaenzana inobatanidza vamiririri vashandirwi, vashandi uye hurumende munyika dzakawanda. Chainyanya kukosha mune dzekugonesa kubudirira mamiriro ichi vari nenzvimbo, kubatana uye kubatana chiito wezvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa, miviri yavo uye nhengo, kuti kuwedzerwa seboka zvibvumirano kuwedzera kukura, kuwedzera basa vechikamu vese vari kukurukurirana nokuda Implementation ayo sungiro, uyewo kuvandudzika kubva pamutemo rutsigiro.

Concept uye marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana

The mabhuku anopa tsanangudzo dzakawanda tsika. Zvisinei, chimwe chezvinhu kwakakwana uye yakarurama kududzirwa zvinotevera anonzi. Social Kudyidzana chinhu yakabudirira chimiro evanhu ukama kubasa, kuburikidza iro nechokwadi kuti Kufambisa uye kudzivirirwa zvido vashandirwi (Entrepreneurs), vashandi vehurumende masangano, yeko zvivako. Izvi runowanikwa mhedziso zvibvumirano, makondirakiti, achiratidza chido vabudirire nzwisisa pamusoro kiyi nzvimbo zveupfumi uye enyika kukura munyika. Marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana ndivo huchashandiswa kukurukurirana pamusoro veruzhinji uye hurumende. Zvinoumba chimiro ukama pakati nemasangano uye masangano ari chinzvimbo, zvirimo, mhando uye mamiriro mabasa akasiyana-nyanzvi mapoka, mamiriro ezvinhu uye nharaunda.

zvinhu

Achisiyanisa nezvimiro uye nenheyo munzanga Kudyidzana, nyanzvi dziri kudzidza chaiye socio-ezvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana Occupational strata, nharaunda uye mapoka, upenyu hwavo, kutengeka uye akavimbisa nzira kuti vaunze mari. Zvakafanana rinokosha kugovera upfumi maererano kuita zvinhu - uye kunopfuurira panguva ino, uye akaita adarika. Vose Mapoka aya zvinonamatwa mumagariro Kudyidzana. Rinobatanidzwa nokuumbwa uye kubereka vana bvumidzwa munzanga uye chakaita gadziriro Misiyano. Kuvapo Its anokonzerwa weboka basa, kusiyana basa uye nzvimbo munhu mapoka ari zvachose kugadzirwa.

zvidzidzo

Dzinokosha uye siyana evanhu Kudyidzana zviripo pedyo toreva vechikamu ukama. Kuti nyaya kubudikidza vashandi dzinosanganisira:

1. The Bhizimisi mibatanidzwa, izvo zvishoma kurasikirwa simba ravo, uye vasina kutorwa nzvimbo itsva iri zvoupfumi bhora.
2. Associations. Ivo muka kubva yakazvimirira kufamba vashandi uye havana chokuita kare kuumbwa mibatanidzwa kana tsika, kana mavambo.
3. Parastatal dzidzo. Ivo vanoita basa pachena Kutarisirwa madhipatimendi panguva dzakasiyana siyana.
4. Multifunction sangano, kusanganisira vashandi, musika-democratic nemunhu.

On chikamu vashandirwi mumagakava achidyidzana kunosanganisira:

1. Dare miviri emakambani ehurumende. In nedanho privatization, commercialization uye corporatization, vari kuwana rusununguko uye kuzvionera.
2. Mamaneja uye varidzi oga makambani. Kubva pakutanga chaipo dzidzo chiito pasina ehurumende zvivako.
3. Social uye enyika kufambira Entrepreneurs, mamaneja, maindasitiri.

Pakazosvika mamiriro vanotongwa mumagariro Kudyidzana vari:

1. General enyika uye magariro chidhiraivho. Havana avepo kugadzirwa havana zvakananga chokuita vashandi, ivo vashandirwi. Nokudaro, havaiti kuchikosha nezvainoita ukama nokure kugadzirwa.
2. Household masangano uye neshumiro. Zvisinei, havasi kubereka zvakananga basa nokuda kugadzirwa muitiro, vane ruzivo pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo munyika vachida.
3. miviri State, kuita basa musika murau panguva makro chechetere.

Education Problems Institute

Pfungwa zvese, zvemagariro Kudyidzana mafomu sezvakaratidzwa kumusoro, vari yakatarwa nemirayiro pamutemo. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kukura tsika yose iri zvakaenzanirana kunzwisisa uye dzakareba muitiro. Nyika dzakawanda munguva dzinopfuura imwe gumi, vakatamira paumbwe mumagariro Panodyidzanwa ezvinhu somunhu anokosha chezvinonhuwira kuti basa mutemo. Kana Russia, chirongwa paumbwe akatanga rakanga rakaoma nezvinhu zviviri. Pakutanga munyika akanga asina ruzivo pamusoro pokushandiswa ezvinhu panguva mugovanisi nguva. Saizvozvowo, ndisipo mureza fastening TC nekuti TBN dzematongerwe vanoramba kudiwa kuti ishande. Zvinokoshawo ndezvokuti akanga akakwirira prices nerokuparadzwa pre-yaivapo paradigm, kusimba ari mazvake evoruzhinji-ukama okuwana. Zvinhu izvi zvakaita kuti vasanyanye mamiriro muchinangwa kumabasa uye, naizvozvo, kwakaderera kuchengeteka vemo '. Zvino zvakaoma kuwana nhau ingadai akapokana kukosha zvemagariro Kudyidzana sezvo inonyatsobudirira nzira yekuwana evanhu runyararo, kuramba nengaidzo pakati zvido vashandirwi uye vashandi, kuitira akatsiga kukura munyika yose.

basa ehurumende

Munyika tsika, kukura siyana evanhu Kudyidzana anopiwa kanoda simba. Pakutanga ndiwo mamiriro ane simba kuti mitemo uye mamwe mirayiro kugadzira mitemo uye pachishandiswa kugadza pamutemo nyaya. Panguva iyo hurumende inofanira kuva mufambisi uye rubatso ari kupedza yokurwisana siyana pakati vechikamu noukama. Politics zvakare kutora mashandiro pakuparadzirwa inonyatsobudirira siyana evanhu Kudyidzana. Zvichakadai, kukosha wehurumende uye nemakanzuru masimba havafaniri kungogumira kungotaurwa kuti chivimbo vashandirwi kutora hune wazvipira chokuita muridzi pfuma, vari mutsetse pamwe socio-upfumi mabasa uye zvinangwa ehurumende nemaitiro uye kwete kanganisa zvinodiwa nyika. The simba saka haagoni ringabviswa pakutevedzera kuzvidzora mabasa. Atungamirire Implementation ane yakabudirira evanhu pamwe iri democratic hwaro rinofanira kuitwa mvumo nehurumende miviri.

Key Points System

Hurumende anotora mutoro kuva mutemo. Zvikurukuru, TC enshrines kiyi misimboti munzanga Kudyidzana, rinorondedzerwa zvinonyatsorehwa wezwi uye hunhu pamutemo mutemo pamusoro noukama kuti munguva zvoupfumi uye mumaindasitiri zvekutepfenyura. Tsika hunovakirwa:

1. Wakaenzana mapato.
2. Nehanya uye kuremekedza zvido zvevanhu.
3. Batsirai States pakusimbisa uye kuvandudza mamiriro ezvinhu ane democratic hwaro.
4. Kufarira paumbwe contractual ukama.
5. The kwemitemo pakuita mabasa.
6. Plenipotentiary Mumiririri we vechikamu ukama.
7. Rusununguko rwokusarudza kukurukura nyaya chokuita basa bhora.
8. Kwokuzvidira wazvipira.
9. Chokwadi mashoko zvibvumirano uye zvibvumirano.
10. Fanira ånd of mitemo.
11. Monitoring abvume zvibvumirano uye zvibvumirano.
12. Basa vechikamu uye avo vamiriri kuti kukundikana kuzadzisa zvinhu wakasiyiwa yavo mhosva.

The chikuru siyana evanhu Kudyidzana

Kutaurwa aripo munyaya. 27 TC. Maererano ndozvakajairwa evanhu Kudyidzana siyana vari:

1. Collective bargaining pamusoro pokumuka zvaMambo seboka zvibvumirano / zvibvumirano zvavo mhedziso.
2. Kubatanidzwa kuti vamiririri Vashandirwi nevashandi vari pre-kutongwa kugarwa munyaya.
3. Bvunza mumwe panyaya mutemo maindasitiri nezvimwe ukama chokuita navo, kuti pave kodzero vashandi uye uvandudze mitemo sectoral.
4. Kutora chikamu vashandi vavo vamiririri iri kurapa vachida.

Zvinonzi risati kuitwa TC akaita Zvinofungidzirwa inotungamirwa uye kukura tsika. Chakazobvumwa nokuondomoka tripartite basa rinokosha iri mutemo okuwana uye mamiriro ezveupfumi (RTC). Maererano neizvi, kutora chikamu revashandi (mudonzvo vamiririri) iri kurapa kambani akaita sechinhu chinokosha muchimiro munzanga Kudyidzana kumabasa.

Pre-kutongwa ugari kurwisana

Kuriita vashandi uye tsvimbo vamiririri vane uwandu zvinhu. Pre-kutongwa chisarudzo hunongotaura Munhu nharo sezvo seboka nokurwisana pavazhe havanzwisisi. Kana pakutevedzera chimiro ichi evanhu Kudyidzana kumabasa, nemitemo ounyanzvi. TC 382-388. zvinodiwa izvi kutaridzwa nzira kusika Nomufananidzo vechikamu ukama. Mitemo seboka kupokana, kunze Danho ranwa, kunobva pemisimboti mumagariro Kudyidzana. Nyanzvi kuongorora Art. 27, vakasvika pakugumisa kuti kutonga ine kururama mhirikiro. Kunyanya, nyanzvi zvamaronga kurishandura tsanangudzo siyana evanhu Kudyidzana, kupa kugarwa yokurwisana unotevera - kutora chikamu vamiririri vashandirwi uye mudonzvo uri extrajudicial uye pre-kutongwa zvekufamba. Panyaya iyi, ekupedzisira ichanongedza zvichiita nokubvumira wacho, uye vokutanga - seboka kukakavadzana.

Specificity Categories

Pamutemo siyana evanhu Kudyidzana kokutanga Mutemo of Leningrad nharaunda. It wainyatsotaura Mapoka anotsanangurwa se marudzi chaiwo nekuita zvidzidzo nokuda kukura uye Implementation pamusoro coherent socio-zveupfumi uye maindasitiri uye zvoupfumi negwaro. In manotsi kuti TC marudzi evanhu achidyidzana sevanhu nzira ukama pakati vechikamu kudzora vashandi nezvimwewo kukurukurirana chokuita navo. Mupe kuMudzidzisi tsanangudzo uye emunharaunda mitemo.

mamwe nezvipoka

Kana kuongorora mitemo iripo, nyanzvi dzinotaura zvichiita kuwedzera Art. 27. Kunyanya, maererano nyanzvi, kuti marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana vari:

1. Urongwa zvemagariro vaifarira mutemo shanduko mune upfumi, pfungwa Kudzikamiswa uye kukura wechipfuwo mukugadzira zvekutepfenyura.
2. Development, kuitwa uye Implementation rwakashodoka sarudzo.
3. Development kubudirire nzira yokudzora munzanga uye basa ukama.
4. Joint rinoitwa vechikamu mumatare uye mimwe miviri mvumo.
5. Pamwe mukugadzirwa uye sumo iri Legislative Assembly of nharaunda yacho gwaro mitemo pamusoro evanhu, zvoupfumi, uye basa nyaya.
6. Pakusarudza murayiro kufambiswa mugadziriro zvibvumirano zvibvumirwano pamusoro vashandirwi vasina kubatanidzwa muchitokisi dzavo pasina kubatana magwaro pave nemitemo kuti accession kwavo akati mabasa.
7. Vanobatsira Implementation purogiramu vanotenderwa.

Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, zvokusarudza ataurwa vane payakaipira akawanda. Pakutanga pane declarative zvimwe zvokudya, ndichisunga kune zvivako kuti simba dzika navo. Panguva iyoyowo, marudzi evanhu Kudyidzana, makasimbiswa munharaunda, mutemo, kupa chinokosha rokuwedzera inogona nhengo ukama tichienzanisa Art. 27 TC. Powered wokuyera somunhu mishoma, zvekuti inogona mberi dzakaonda panze uye Code nemamwe mirayiro. The akakodzera muvaravara aripo ari akati nyaya. Zvikurukuru, inoti kuti siyana evanhu Kudyidzana anogona usimbiswe mumutemo wenyika nharaunda, kuti seboka chibvumirano / chibvumirano, imwe munharaunda chiito zvavakanga vachida kuita.

Art. 26 TC

Forms uye kwevari mumagariro Kudyidzana vari anokosha nhengo anoumba nhau tsika. The TC haripi akajeka tsanangudzo asi tiri mazita, kupatsanura uye maitiro zvinhu. Saka, muna Art. Code 26 inoratidza yeUnited, sectoral dzakapoteredza, miganhu uye nemakanzuru mumatunhu. Kuongorora muchikwata wakapiwa, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinotaura kutyora pfungwa kuvaka pasi. Tsanangura kwenyu mhedziso nyanzvi nezvokuti rine chikamu, yakakamurwa yakazvimirira kupatsanura zvinhu.

miganhu chokuratidza

Social Kudyidzana aripo yeUnited, matunhu neminisiparati, kwematunhu uye masangano mumatunhu. Pamazita Izvi zvinoita kukwana. In Art. TC 26 haatauri zvakawanda rimwe - yeUnited-weruwa pamwero. Muna May 2000, purezidhendi akasaina chirevo pamusoro paumbwe maruwa. Maererano chiito ichi, iye akagadzwa vamiririri Namachinda State uye mumiririri mahofisi. Pari, zvose yeUnited maruwa akasaina chibvumirano 2-kana 3-party. Ndivo zvakakodzera kusika rwakafanana socio-zvoupfumi nzvimbo County, vatevedzere zvinodiwa nevanhu, kodzero kuvatungamirira vagari, kukura evanhu Kudyidzana, uye zvichingodaro.

indasitiri chiratidzo

Forms uye kwevari evanhu Kudyidzana kuti kuvapo panguva remunharaunda pachiyero, akapa pamutemo kuumbwa, kuMudzidzisi zviri munharaunda, nhoroondo uye tsika dzechinyakare, uye zvichingodaro. The mitemo RF vaanotonga, kunze sezviri Art. 26 TC, pakaitwa yakatarwa (chipfuro) chechetere. Panguva iyi sandara, pane mhedziso nyanzvi ukama.

mhedziso

Dzimwe nyanzvi hunoratidza kuwedzera unyanzvi. TC 26 dzakawanda uye ezvokutengeserana chechetere. Zvisinei, kuti unyorwe okupedzisira zvinoita rokusamhanyira zvevakomana. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro yemakambani vanochiva ipapo achiwedzera kuti ive huripo mazita parizvino seisingashandi. Izvi imhaka rakananga hunhu ichocho. Panguva iyi sandara, kukabatanidzwa sangano, sectoral, miganhu uye dzakawanda zviratidzo mumagariro Kudyidzana. The yokupedzisira chaitwa kunyanya zvinoenderana zvokudya zvibvumirano chinoguma dzimwe nyika zviri Russian Federation tichitarisa kukonana mitemo yacho basa mutemo. Kujekesa zvinhu, nyanzvi dzinoti kushandura kududzirwa Art. 26. Mukuona kwavo, nyaya anofanira kuratidza kuti miganhu pamwero - (. Constitution, zvakatemwa uye Defence mabhizimisi, mirayiro hurumende, uye nezvimwewo) chikamu Russian Federation, takatsunga maererano nemitemo. Kushanda Institute rinoitwa munyika yose, mumaruwa, kumatunhu, uye makanzuru zvakananga pane Enterprises.