Nuclear hondo: sei vanhu vachapera

Mushure nokuputika bhomba rimwe renyukireya riri Japanese mumaguta paHiroshima neNagasaki, ngozi yehondo yenyukireya aiva chaiyeiye. Masayendisiti akadzidza zvakadzama zvingangoitika Migumisiro kuputika zvikuru simba: sei achatambanudza nemwaranzi, ndedzipi kuparadza zvipenyu, okunze migumisiro.

hondo yenyukireya - sezvo zvinoitika

Nuclear kuputika - iri guru kadikidiki bhora moto kuti zvachose kutsva kana chars zvinhu zvipenyu nezvisiri zvipenyu hunhu, kunyange kure kwazvo kubva kwacho. Imwe-chetatu kuputika simba ukasunungurwa muchimiro chiedza kupomba, inova kane zviuru kupfuura kupenya kwezuva. Kubva chiedza ichi zvose zvinobata moto zvinhu zvakadai semapepa uye jira. Vanhu vakaumba Hutsvi.

Primary moto regai vanokwanisa vesa - Ivo zvishomanana extinguishes ane simba mhepo kwebhosvo. Asi nokuda zvinobhururuka nezvitsiga nokupisa Marara, nematunhu pfupi, zvipfuwo gasi Kuputika kutsva peturu vakaumba refu uye yakakura yechipiri moto.

A muzvizhinji remoto nomumwe chete dzinouraya moto dutu, rinogona kuparadza chero guru. firestorm kwakadaro akaparadza Hamburg uye kuDresden panguva Second World War.

In nechepakati dutu chaizvo kupisa, nokuda makuru vakawanda izvo inokwira panguva pamusoro vakaumba madutu, iyo inotsigira chaikosha moto migove itsva okisijeni mhepo. Utsi, huruva uye chin'ai kukwira stratosphere, uye gore aumbwa, iyo pfungwa dzomutauro wokutanga dzingasajeka anenge zvachose zuva. Somugumisiro, chando chinouraya yenyukireya kunotanga.

hondo yenyukireya kunotungamirira yechando ine refu yenyukireya

Nokuda hombe kusarudzwa moto zvichiitika mumhepo huru rakawanda aerosols, iyo achaita "usiku yenyukireya". Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hondo kunyange zviduku omunharaunda renyukireya kubhombiwa muLondon uye New York hunotungamirira vasina chezuva pamusoro Northern Hemisphere kwemavhiki mashoma.

Kokutanga pamusoro kunorira moto mikuru kuti vanotsamwisa mamwe kupindana kusingarapiki kuchinja okunze uye biosphere, akati Paul Kruttsen, munhu akakurumbira musayendisiti wokuGermany.

Chokwadi kuti hondo yenyukireya kwaizoguma kutungamirira yechando zvenyukireya, akanga asati aziva mukati rokupedzisira remakore. Miedzo zvenyukireya kuputika rwaiitwa kuroorwa uye dzoga. Uye kunyange kunetsana yenyukireya "nyoro" kunosanganisira Kuputika mumaguta akawanda. Uyezve, nemiedzo rwaiitwa nenzira yakadaro kuti moto guru Penina akanga asina. Uye Hakasi, mune co-mashandiro nyanzvi zvipenyu, mathematicians, masayendisiti okunze, yefizikisi vakakwanisa kuisa pasi wemauto mufananidzo migumisiro nokurwa yenyukireya pamwe chete. The munharaunda nyika akaongororwa zvakadzama chii chaigona kuva nyika pashure hondo yenyukireya.

Kana kukonana inofanira kushandiswa chete 1% of anogadzirwa panguva zvombo zvenyukireya, mugumisiro uchava akaenzana 8200 "Nagasaki uye Hiroshima."

Kunyange muchiitiko ichi hondo yenyukireya kuti kunotoreva kuti okunze kunoita yechando yenyukireya. Nokuti chokuti chezuva havagoni kuuya pasi, kuchauya refu mhepo kutonhora. Zvose mhuka isina pobignet mu moto, achaiswa vakatongerwa kuoma nechando.

Pakati nyika uye gungwa kuva kunokosha tembiricha kusiyana, sezvo miviri hombe remvura vane yakawanda chafariz inertia, saka mumhepo achapiwa dzaserera ikoko zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuchinja mumhepo vamise mvura izonaya, uye pamusoro kondinendi Kunyudzwa akakwirira munotonhora usiku, uye kwakakwana chando, kusanaya kwemvura ichatanga.

Kana hondo yenyukireya kwakaitika muzhizha kuNorthern hemisphere, kwevhiki mbiri tembiricha ikoko wakawira pasi zero, uye zuva ringadai akanyangarika zvachose. Panguva iyoyo vari kuchamhembe hemisphere, zvinomera zvose kwaisazobuda zvachose, uye kumaodzanyemba hemisphere - muchidimbu. Tropical uye subtropical angadai akafa anenge pakarepo, nekuti nemiti ipapo anogona kuvapo mukati rakamanikana chaizvo tembiricha siyana uye zvimwe zvinhu chiedza.

Kushaikwa chikafu kuchatungamirira kutsakatika mhuka. In shiri, pachava shoma mukana vapone. chete goroondo anogona kuramba.

masango akafa, izvo kuumbwa munzvimbo huru ichava mashoko moto itsva uye manyowa kubva kasvisto akafa uye fauna of achaita choutsi mumhepo hombe yakawanda carbon dioxide. Saka, kuputswa yose kabhoni kugutsikana uye muviri. Kutsakatika rezvinomera achaita yose kukurwa kwevhu.

Pachava kuparadza anenge zvachose mararamiro, iyo zvino kurarama panyika. Kuparara zvose zvokurima zvinomera nemhuka, Zvisinei, zvinogona zvichengeteke mbeu. The unopinza kuwedzera ionizing mwaranzi achaita zvakakomba nemwaranzi kurwara uye kutungamirira kurufu zvinomera, mhuka neshiri.

Air choutsi pamusoro oxides ose senitrogen nesarufa achaita nengozi asidhi mvura.

Mumwe chero vakati zvinhu ingadai yakakwana kuti kuvhundusa muzvizhinji kuti zvinhu zvipenyu. Kuipa ndechokuti vari pashure hondo yenyukireya uchatanga kuita pamwe chete, kusimbisa uye achisimbisa nemumwe chiito.

Zvakaitika dzinonetsa pfungwa, pashure iyo ichatanga aiparadza Climate Change uye biosphere Nyika, kuti rinokwanirwa yenyukireya kuputika zviduku - 100 MT. Nokuda irreparable njodzi achaita zvikuru zvakabatsirawo chete 1% aripo zvombo zvenyukireya kuunganidza.

Kunyange nyika avo pamusoro ane ndima Havazomuki putika, hapana bhomba renyukireya vachaparadzwa zvachose.

A hondo yenyukireya chero wawo chinotyisidzira chaiyo kupona kwevanhu uye zvose upenyu panyika.