Norway zvicherwa. Nature, okunze uye maindasitiri munyika

Zvirokwazvo unotoziva chinhu pamusoro nyika yakaita Norway. Panyika mepu unogona kuwana chinhu mamiriro iri Air Peninsula KuNorthen Europe. We zano kudzamisa zivo yavo nokudzidza zvicherwa, okunze, hunhu uye maindasitiri munyika.

Kubva kumaodzanyemba nokumabvazuva inoganhurana Norway uye Finland (736 km), Sweden (1630 km) uye Russia (196 km). Iye anogeza kuchamhembe-kumadokero Norwegian Sea, iyo Barents - kubva kumabvazuva, Gungwa North - kumaodzanyemba. 25 148? Km vari yegungwa.

Nharaunda kuti State unosanganisira Bouvet Island uye Jan Mayen uye Svalbard rezvitsuwa - chaiwo administrative Unit, kusanganisira Bear Island. Norway panyika mepu iri kukurukurwa pazasi.

Sezvaunogona kuona, munyika ndima atambanudza rakamanikana ubvise (asingasviki 420? Km zvinoita kuti widest chikamu) ichitevedza Air Peninsula, kuchamhembe-kumadokero. Kunosanganisirawo zvose yamatombo, uye zvitsuwa zviduku, iri miganhu mumvura.

Maererano nemashoko ose 1984, hurumende vemo aiva vanhu 4.140.000. Capital - guta Oslo. Country Norway rakakamurwa 18 kumatunhu. Dzinonzi fyulke. Norway - mutauro unonyanya. Norwegian Krone - mari. nyika iyi iri kubva muna 1960 nhengo European Free Trade Association.

Mafuta gasi reserves

Gas Kugadzirwa muNorway - chinokosha kwemauto hwenyika. reserves makuru negasi uye mafuta ari kusimbiswa muGungwa North, zvayo Norwegian zvekutepfenyura. Vari vanofungidzirwa mabhiriyoni 765 cubic metres. M uye mabhiriyoni 1,5 matani, ukuwo. Pane 3/4 nevakawanda minda uye matsime eoiri munyika yose Western Europe. Mumvura kuchamhembe kweArctic Circle sezvo reserves guru mafuta dzawanikwa. Norway nokuwanda anopindura 11 nzvimbo fung munyika. Hafu yose gasi muWestern Europe iri pfungwa pano. Panyaya iyi asvika rechi10 nzvimbo munyika Norway. Mineral pfuma nyika akapfuma uye yakafara. bhiriyoni 16.8 matani anosvika waunotarisira mafuta uye gasi - 47,7 tcm. m. Oil kurimwa muNorway - a kwemauto umo zvaisanganisira vanhu vanopfuura 17.000 munyika ino.

Kupfuura kota Norwegian mubhizimisi iri kuvakwa kuchera platforms, izvo riri kumavirira Bergen, muGungwa North. Pano, pane imwe huru minda negasi. Kudeuka Drilling chikuva munyika yakavakwa chaizvo vomuNorway. misha yaro matani mamiriyoni 1. Platform kukwirira - 465 metres.

marasha

In mamiriro ichi ndiwo deposits pakukura marasha mu kweArctic kuEurope. Vari riri pachitsuwa Svalbard (Norway). Coal inowanika vazhinji. Muna 2002, marasha zvinhu munharaunda zvinofungidzirwa Norwegian Vanodzidza pa mabhiriyoni 10 matani fungidzira nekusimba reserves iro uwandu kusvika anenge mamiriyoni 135 matani Reliable - .. mamiriyoni 35 matani kunyanya marasha reserves vari Barentsburg minda, Mount Pyramid. Longir (Paleocene), Grumant City. Huru marasha nharaunda pamwe 4 mumigodhi iri nechepakati chikamu chacho kumabvazuva Svalbard (Norway).

Mineral zvinhu hakugumiri pamusoro. We ndikuudze nezvevamwe mumwe.

simbi mhangura

Iron mhangura - chikuru chinogona kubva simbi, iro Norway ane. Mineral pfuma yacho vakanga dzinoongororwa muna 1999. Maererano gore rino, reserves esimbi deposits Norway anotora 6-7 nzvimbo pakati dzose dzimwe nyika muEurope. The mhando huru nhatu vanoonekwa muNorway simbi mhangura dhipoziti. Izvi Precambrian ferruginous quartzite (munda Bornevatn apo zvachose matura bhiriyoni 1 matani, kusanganisira matani mamiriyoni 100 - chinokosha), magnetite, hematite mhangura yeCambrian-Silurian (dhipoziti pamusoro Dunderlanna, Ford ronda) uyewo hematite, magnetite mhangura ilmenite, magnetite inotungamirwa (Rodsann, Telnes, code, etc.).

vanadium

On matura vanadium kunoitika 2nd muWestern Europe (pashure Finland) Norway. Zvicherwa, iyo iri zvikaramba (kuitira vanadium mune yakachena chimiro haawaniki zvakasikwa), kunyanya kusimbiswa mumunda Rodsann. Huwandu esimbi vanofungidzirwa matani mamiriyoni 12-15.

Titan

Norway matura chicherwa ichi ane kutungamirira nzvimbo pakati dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope. Major maindasitiri kufarira anorthosite dunhu eigersund. Heano deposits Europe guru iri mhando. Telnes zvangu, reserves Europe guru pakati ilmenite (yaifananidzira pazasi), zvinokoshawo.

mhangura

Copper dzinowanzotsigi- anogadzirwa kuchamhembe kure. Panewo minda pyrites wakashandiswa makemikari indasitiri nokuda kuzoita nesurferi yeimwe. Mukuwedzera, minda vari dzakabudirira-siyana kuvakwa ibwe, kusanganisira machena uye girenayiti.

On matura ores mhangura nyika pakati pamusoro munyika gumi European, maererano 1999. Industrial ukoshi muNorway imhangura mhangura nzvimbo: Sulitelma (Sulihelma), Trondheim (Fosdalen, Tverfellet, Lokket, et unto.), Grong (Skuruvatn, Kangausaru).

nezvimwe zvicherwa

In Norway, kuwedzera kune mamwe zvicherwa, pane sirivha mhangura. In Kongsberg chaizvoizvo ores sirivha uye kuna Bleykvassli uye Mufellete - kutungamirira-zingi deposits, iro simbi chinobviswa. Uyewo munyika ino matura endarama (pyrite deposits), graphite (nenguva inenge. Senja Skalani), phosphate ores (dhipoziti yekubvuma) nepheline syenite (chitsuwa Sherno), feldspar (dunhu Glamslann), olivine jecha (Aheym), talc (Gudbrandsdalen Valle, Filit Altenmarku), reraimu (Dahlen, Slemmestad, Kirholt), machena (Lyngstad), dolomite (Kragero nharaunda).

indasitiri kuNorway

Pari, maererano GDP Norway inoremekedzwa nzvimbo 26th pakati dzimwe nyika munyika (kwakaita 2006). vagari zvakanaka kunonyanya hakunei mafuta achinatsa uye gasi indasitiri.

The anononoka kumhanya dzichiri kugadzira maindasitiri munyika mubereko kwatiri. Izvi imhaka zvishoma guta Rwako, uyewo rakamanikana anopfuyiwa kumusika. 26% chakakomba goho uye 17% basa iri simba mugove kuvakwa uye kugadzira Mazinga. Energy-nyanyisa maindasitiri zvakatangwa mumakore achangopfuura. Industry kuNorway inosanganisira zvinotevera makuru mumapoka: electrochemical, ELECTROMETALLURGICAL, redhiyo, pulp uye pepa, shipbuilding. The soro pamwero kwemaindasitiri munharaunda pakataurwa Oslo Fjord. Hezvinoi kuramba pamusoro hafu zvose maindasitiri emakambani muNorway.

The vaitungamirira Bazi maindasitiri munyika ino - electrometallurgy. It achivaka pamusoro rakakura kushandisa kokupata hydropower. Aluminum makirisito chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa aruminiyamu oxide, ndiko kutorwa.

mushonga indasitiri

Mudunhu Telemark mukutanga remakore rechi20 yakanga akasikwa electrochemical kugadzirwa. Nenzira iyi kwaiva kutanga makemikari maindasitiri munyika.

Norway nhasi kunze kwenyika maindasitiri kushandisa zvinoputika, senitrogen fetiraiza, pendi, alginates. Ivo mukugadzira izvozvo anopindura kwete chete muna Europe, kutungamirira nzvimbo, asi kunyange munyika. Kwakasimbiswa nokukurumidza achangopfuura makore, petrochemistry. At chawo paiva kugadzirwa mapurasitiki nezvimwe chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu.

Nitrogen fetiraiza ndeimwe huru zvinogadzirwa kuti neve electrochemical indasitiri. Nitrogen anodiwa ichi, ari abudisa nokushandiswa yakawanda magetsi kubva mumhepo. It aivigirwa mugove chinokosha pamusoro ikabereka senitrogen fetiraiza.

mapuranga indasitiri

37% munyika rinosanganisira masango. Rakajairika muna Norway dondo muti marudzi - Birch, Scots nemipaini uye spruce. Huni Nehunde pari munyika iri 2 nguva anopfuura makore 100 apfuura. Kumboda mapurazi vari mhuri apo achitungamirira foresitiri uye kurima. Navo munyika iyi zvikuru. In Norway mhuri foresitiri zvakasiyana munhu zvichienderana uye diki kukura soumambo. Izvi zvinoita ezvinhu zvakanaka kuchengetedza munyika zvipenyu. An chinokosha kwemauto munyika yacho indasitiri ndiwo pulp nebepa indasitiri.

ouinjiniya

About 25% vashandi vose maindasitiri vanoshanda mu kugadzirwa pakufamba michina uye michina yakasiyana-siyana. Munzvimbo inokosha yebasa - chikepe kugadzira uye shipbuilding, kugadzirwa zvokushandisa nokupfuuridzirwa uye simba chizvarwa. Zvokuimba ouinjiniya - zvikuru vechidiki maindasitiri munyika ino. With kutora chikamu vemamwe guta mumakore post-hondo zvakasikwa shipyards makuru uye mafekitari, kushandisa pagadzirwe hydraulic turbines, kumhenderekedzo mafuta kuchera platforms, mutengi uye maindasitiri zvemagetsi uye magetsi.

Clothing, zvokudya uye Whitehead Textile indasitiri

Food, zvipfeko uye Whitehead Textile indasitiri iri aivigirwa zvigadzirwa diki. Ivo kugutsa zvaidiwa nehurumende pachayo iri nguo uye zvokudya. About 20% maindasitiri vashandi vose Norway vanoshanda mumaindasitiri izvi.

hove kugadzira indasitiri

zvakakosha kuti Norway anenge uyewo mafuta uye gasi kugadzirwa. The chikuru nzvimbo hove kubudiswa - ndiye Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Alesund. A chinokosha chikamu vehove Russian pakati hove dzavo anopa kuNorway kuti kugadzira. Russia - zviri zvakare rimwe vatengi pakukura zvigadzirwa hove. Norwegian aquaculture okupedzisira makumi matatu kwakasimbiswa nokukurumidza. Rich ruzivo rave vawana kuti pagadzirwe siyana zvokushandisa kurimwa hove, kuongorora, uye kugadzirwa michina pasango hove kugadzira.

The chivezwa munyika

Relief uye zvinobatsira Norway pfuma, somumwe nyika, muri zvinodyidzana. Zviri zvakazorodza hunoenderana pairi, chii upfumi ane State. Norway - nyika iyo ane nzvimbo huru nharaunda nomunzvimbo dzine makomo. Air makomo - zviri kupfuura 70% of mamiriro. Ivo ruoko kubva kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira nokumusoro-vamabvazuva 1700? Km. Avhareji kureba Air makomo 1600-1900 M (kunonyanyisa - 2469 metres, gomo galdhøpiggen). Seaside rakamanikana bhendi (anonzi stranflat) uitore nokumapani. upamhi ravo 40-50? km. Zvinowanika kunyanya kumaodzanyemba kwenyika, zviri zvikamu zviduku, mudunhu Oslo Ford. On Fjeld (Plateau-peneplains) dissected ne fjords (mipata) regomo. North munyika iri pasi nemumakomo rwenze inonzi Finnmarken. kukwirira kwayo kuri 300-500 mamita. 1139 metres kusvika panhongonya dzawo (pamusoro Chuokkarassa), musango-achinaya mvura uye gornotundrovymi nharaunda. With Fjeld Kusiyana ndivo zvikuru dissected uye kumawere dzose Air kumakomo. Heano masango kunyanya taiga. Sezvaunogona kuona, hunhu muNorway ndiye siyana.

Munyika ino, zvitsuwa zvizhinji (Sarufa, Magere, Senja, muVesterålen, Lofoten). Nzizi pakukura: Logen (Gudbrandsdalen), Glomma, Logen (Numedal). Nature Norway chiri dzinoratidzwa pamberi makungwa. Anogara anenge 4% mundima. madhamu ava vainyanya chando. The guru - Mjøsa. About 27% of mamiriro rinosanganisira masango. Archipelago Shpitsenbergen (Islands Spitsbergen, Edge, Nordaustlandet, Bear, Barents, et unto.) Uri dzinoratidzwa rakatumbuka nenzvimbo dzakakwirira, anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye mipata paupamhi. Mukati fiords kwayo kumahombekombe. vanova mukuru pano - Newton (kukwira - 1712 m). Ice machira akafukidza kupfuura hafu yezvitsuwa. Permafrost yakatanga kwose kwose.

Climate

Pasinei chokwadi kuti, kufanana nevamwe Nordic nyika, Norway hapana kudziya zvakasiyana yechirimo, zviri tinoberekwa yakanaka okunze. inofambiswa Iri Gulf Stream. Okunze munyika ino unozvidzora, kunyunguduka - iri kure kuchamhembe, gungwa - mune kumahombekombe munzvimbo. Country Norway zvakare dzinoratidzwa yechando nyoro zvikuru. Muna January, avhareji tembiricha iri kubva -12 ° C kuchamhembe nokumaodzanyemba - +2 ° C. Summers vari inotonhorera (+6 ... + 15 ° C), kazhinji mhepo yakasimba uye mvura. Precipitation zvichisiyana 300 mm pagore (kumabvazuva) kusvika 3000 mm (kunyanya kumadokero dzakatenuka). Kumabvazuva mujinga ari intermountain nembiya hwakaratidzwa Continental ekunze. Ice machira vazhinji Fjeld. The zvachose nzvimbo echando ari vanenge 5000 sq. ? km. Mukati fjords yegungwa.

seismicity

Achipedzisa kurondedzerwa Norway, wedzera vaviri mashoko pamusoro seismicity. Country mukati vematunhu, dzinoratidzwa pasi zvizivikanwe nemichina basa. Zvikurukuru, epicenters ari muzvizhinji kudengenyeka kwenyika duku dziri pamwe kuAtlantic pamhenderekedzo.