Njiva, urwere hwavo uye mishonga. Zvirwere twenjiva, dzinokanganisa vanhu

It vagara njiva chiratidzo mufambiro wakanaka uye kutsvinda. Nhasi, shiri idzi zvinoshamisa vanogara pedyo nesu. Maguta akawanda makuru muEurope uye nyika haingayananisirwi kumbofungidzira pasina shiri idzi inonakidza. Njiva zvazova mhando kukwezvana, sezvo zviuru zvevashanyi chaizvo andobata kwavari kubudikidza izvo nemhaka kamera ake.

Kubvira pakusikwa ndidzo vavakidzani vedu, zvakakodzera kuteerera kuchinja maitiro avo, nokuti kazhinji chete nzira yokuziva kuti shiri anorwara. Usakanganwa kuti kune zvirwere twenjiva, dzinokanganisa vanhu. Monitor utano ravo kunyanya zvakakodzera hangaiwa varidzi, sezvo zvirwere zvinogona kutungamirira wakakwana kutsakatika zvipfuwo, uyewo chikonzero kukuvadza chinokosha kuti utano hwevanhu.

Kana ruminant shiri Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti, sezvinowanzoita nevanhu, zviri nyore kudzivirira chirwere pane kurapa pava paya. In ichi shiri "kwazvo" ndivo vainyanya hwakapararira. Kureva, kubvisa zvishomanana kuvhunduka (ndiko kuti kurasikirwa 1-2 vanhu) haazobudiriri. Pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana etiology zvirwere, izvo vafanorongerwa hangaiwa. chirwere dzavo uye kurapwa kunoda nyanzvi yokutaura uye nenguva kurapwa. Izvi ndizvo zvinobatsira kuchengeta vanhu shiri.

Mabviro zvirwere

Zvirwere twenjiva inogona non-chirwere uye rwarisa. By pokumuka zvirwere kazhinji kunotungamirira asiri kutevedzera zvinhu zvokudya, kuvariritira uye maberekero shiri, kutyora, uye utsanana noutsanana vanongodya munomwa uye yakakomberedzwa, inorema kunyange zvikamu zai kwenheyo. All izvi zvinoita pave rutapudzo neshiri kutapata uye kwakaderera muviri wayo.

Zvikuru ngozi utachiona njiva zvirwere zviri zvinokonzera zvirwere. Vangave kwemabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi, parasitic uye fungal mavambo. Pakati zvirwere mudzimba hangaiwa, ari kutapuriranwa hunhu hosha ndivo kupfuura ngozi. vamiririri vavo vanogona kuita muviri, zvichikonzera zvakananga kukura imwe chirwere kana neimwewo kuderera mumuviri dzokuzvidzivirira.

General zviratidzo

Kana ruminant njiva utano shiri zvakafanira kuti kunyatsotevera chaizvo, uye kana zviratidzo chirwere rokutanga pakarepo kubata murapi wemhuka yenyu. Saka chii kana paine zviratidzo chirwere twenjiva? Kana pane kutyora chero zvokurwara unhu: shiri regai dzinobhururuka, akavanda dzinerima, vanoramba zvokudya. Uyewo pasvika anofanira ruffled minhenga, akafumbira meso, kupfupika mweya, mukuru neutera nhengo dzinovaraidza. Kana utachiona shiri wakawedzera muviri tembiricha, kuchinja ruvara uye kwemashoko faeces, uye dzimwe nguva dzinosiyana kunyange gait.

Kana iwe uri njiva vanorwara, urwere hwavo uye kurapwa anofanira kunyatsoteerera kudzorwa. Somuenzaniso, imwe chiratidzazvizhinji vanorwara chinofanira kure zvachose nevanhu nezviratidzo chirwere wokutanga. In pamberi twenjiva tiite kubva pameso, mhino kana muromo hwobva kuona nyanzvi, sezvo kazhinji zviratidzo izvi zvinoratidza kuti kutapuriranwa yezvakaita chirwere.

Zvino funga zvirwere ngozi chokuita njiva. chirwere dzavo uye kurapwa kunoda kutarisirwa chaizvo pamusoro chikamu muridzi, nekuti vanogona kukuvadza iye.

dzedzereka

Rakajairika uye dzinouraya chirwere twenjiva - dzedzereka - kukwanisa pfupi kuti varove zvose njivavarungu yevagari. It kunokonzerwa paramyxovirus, iyo kana kutsikwa muviri Shiri anomuitisa rutivi rwomuviri uye incoordination. In kwazvo dzenzvimbo vanogona kuva kuzvimba uropi. The ngozi huru iri zvinobvira yomunyika ropa mukati dzinokosha nhengo.

Vatakuri chirwere muri dzinovaraidza vanorwara uye shiri dzedenga. Hutachiwana uhu wakapiwa kushandisa kuenda neherikoputa mumate, asi zvinokwanisika noutachiona kuburikidza waterers uye vanongodya.

Ndezvipi nevamwe zviratidzo chirwere twenjiva? Zviratidzo dzakananga uye kuitikira 4-5 zuva chirwere. Varwere shiri vakachengeta zakidyvanie musoro, izvo chokuita kukuvara tsinga. Chirwere rinopararira panguva semheni, kazhinji, kare pazuva 9 chirwere kunoitika nzufu shiri.

Kukura whirligig zvipembenene vaipemberera inoshandiswa pakutsigira:

1. The kwokutanga Danho - kurasikirwa kudya, yakawedzera nyota, lethargy, ruffled minhenga.
2. Akafa mitezo Danho - rutivi rwomuviri kubvira pamutsipa avamba, ipapo kurega kutamira namapapiro, makumbo, shiri akawa, iye tilts musoro wake.
3. Chakakomba chinyamunhari chinorwadza.

Zviri ngozi chaizvo nokuti munhu chirwere twenjiva. Dzedzereka anogona kukanganisa node nodes uye kukonzera conjunctivitis.

The chirwere haisi rinorapika. Pane zvakawanda zvikuru zvakagadzirirwa matanho, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira hombe kupararira chirwere:

1. shiri A vanorwara inofanira pakarepo kubviswa kubva njivavarungu. The kamuri anofanira disinfected uchishandisa 5-10% mhinduro mishonga kana 3% formalin mhinduro.
2. Young hangaiwa kuti nhomba pa mazuva 30 oupenyu. Shandisa "Boron-74" mushonga "La Sota" mwero 2 samadonhwe gadziriro 2 nguva zuva shiri rimwe pamusoro 5 mazuva.

chibhokisi

Chibhokisi njiva - kusachengeteka kukuru chirwere yakakonzerwa rudzi njivavarungu ultravirusom. Dzinoratidzwa maronda ari mucous membranes uye ganda. Kana zvikuru azara chirwere kazhinji inova chisingaperi.

Kazhinji chibhokisi mberi muzhizha. Chirwere muvamwe vechiduku njiva vave vatakuri. HweHIV nomukombiyuta voga nemarara, uyewo kuburikidza zvipembenene vectors. Mukana wokutapukirwa ichiwedzerwa varombo ezvinhu, kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, zvakaomarara okunze, uyewo kushaya vhitamini A. The incubation nguva iri mazuva 15-20.

Kune mhando nhatu twenjiva chirwere ichi, zviratidzo izvo yakasiyana imwe:

1. Chibhokisi fomu - dzinoratidzwa chimiro craters vari muromo, anopenya uye mutsipa uye ipapo makumbo uye pasi pamapapiro. Kukura anomera rinoitwa kwemazuva 12-15, pashure iyo yokumusoro firimu yabviswa, vachisiya ropa nemvura. Pazuva rechi20 zuva ronda hwaoma uye anoporesa. Dzimwe apore mberi kusvika 2 months.
2. Diphtheritic chimiro - pockmarks vari yakaumbwa pamusoro mucous Kamudzira mumuromo uye pharynx. 7-9 zuva chirwere vakachengeta yepamusorosoro apo pockmarks kwakawedzera zvokuti shiri haana angavhara muromo wayo. Uyewo zvingakanganiswa nasal mucosa, conjunctiva, cornea ziso.
3. Mixed chimiro - kune zviratidzo kaviri pakutanga.

Chibhokisi njiva ngozi nekuti muropa utachiona vanogona dzakapararira muviri, kukonzera kukundwa mitumbi itsva. With nenguva mabatiro shiri vakaumba kutapata upenyu-refu.

Zvokukura pakurapwa uye kudzivirira:

1. Kana ganda lesion site: Fabric kurapwa pamwe 2% boric asidhi mhinduro. Kana waoma crusts vari kubatwa ne mhinduro ine ayodhini uye ipapo cream.
2. In maronda beak they: lozevalya mucosa kubatwa shuga mhinduro kana ayodhini. Njiva kupa tetracycline inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
3. Disinfection mvura yokunwa iri pasi 1% mhinduro kubva chloramine. Kamuri kubatwa ayodhini kugadzirira.
4. Dokeriro kubatwa Lugol anogadzirisa. Mukati 5 Mazuva shiri dzinopiwa nemishonga, mavhitaminzi, uye immunomodulators.
5. The mazai sei vakawana kubva varwere njiva, anofanira kuparadzwa.

papukaija chirwere

Psittacosis njiva - akabatwa chirwere kunokanganisa kufema turakiti. Kazhinji richiwanika muchimiro yakavanzwa, izvo ngozi kunyanya munhu vangava nechirwere utachiona. Kunzwisisa kwakaita kurapwa uye kudzivirira ndiwo utachiona kuti aratidze yakakwirira kugadzikana pasi ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana. Kwemashoko Utachiona kuburikidza mucous zvinoyerera nemarara.

The incubation nguva iri 1 kusvika 4 months. Zvikuru kubatwa utachiwana juveniles.

Ko 2 marudzi chirwere:

1. The chenjera chimiro - sick hangaiwa zera kubva 2 kusvika 12 mavhiki. Nemuumbi lethargy, mutsvina yadzo anova pfumbu zvakavhenganiswa neropa, kufema kwakaoma, pane purulent conjunctivitis uye muviri, izvo chinourayisa.
2. The chirwere chimiro - kuonekwa nedzevakuru. Typical zviratidzo - utera, lethargy, conjunctivitis. The chirwere ane zvakanaka mugumisiro. Pakurwara shiri kuva manyuko chirwere.

Paaiita matanho varwere njiva akaurayiwa, mumba mishonga yokuuraya utachiona yakavakirwa kuiisa chlorine uye phenol. Mushure kutsakatika panomuka vari dovecote kumanikidza kupatsanura varwere kuti 6 mwedzi.

Paratyphoid, kana salmonellosis hangaiwa

Paratyphoid njiva - akapararira zvirwere kunokonzerwa Salmonella.

Panobva chirwere chiri utachiona vanhu. Paratyphoid ngozi iri pakuti kana yekutapurira njiva vari zvachose chena. Juveniles perebolevayut munzvimbo rikwanise muchimiro.

Ko 2 marudzi chirwere:

1. Intestinal - kutanga vakapemberera mvura chetsoka yakavhenganiswa ropa, uye ipapo kunokanganisa majoini, kwakaratidzwa tremor wamativi, shiri haigoni kubhururuka uye tikachirega. The muromo uye maziso kungava nodules.
2. Neural chimiro - chiratidzo chakajeka romusoro wake chakakandwa musana. Hosha rinoguma murufu kana kunova chisingaperi.

Nokuti kurapa akashandisa biomycin, sintomitsina, furazolidone kana terramycin zvachose dose 100 zviuru inokwana zviyero por 1 kg kuti chikafu mazuva 10, 7 days kosi wakadzokororwa. Kamuri pasi disinfection.

trichomoniasis

Pigeons trichomoniasis - chimwe chirwere. The causative mumiririri ndiyo kirasi nyore flagellates. Vachirwara kunyanya vechiduku shiri makore kubva 2 weeks kusvika 2 months. Sevatakuri chirwere ndivo vakuru vanhu vanorwara. Hutachiwana uhu kuburikidza dyisa uye mvura. Under yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu uye kupa mukana wokutapukirwa inowedzera.

The chirwere kunoratidzwa paumbwe iri nemumuromo uye pharyngeal mucous whitish-yellow nodules. Njiva anokotama musoro wake wokumborerutsa muitiro pakuparadza. Kunoonekwa manyoka pamwe madzihwa, nasal yapfuura, kupfupika mweya. Duration zvirwere wakabva 2 maawa kusvika 2 weeks, pamwe kakawanda zvinouraya mugumisiro.

With nenguva mabatiro twenjiva anogona kupora. Zvipatara Kwaiitirwa iodinated mukaka, iyo yakagadzirirwa kubvira ayodhini, potassium iodide uye mvura iri nhamba 1: 2: 10. Zvadaro, 1 chikamu kugadzirisa akawedzera mukaka panguva mwero 1: 9. Asati apa mushonga kuti shiri, mukaka mhinduro yakanga zvakare rakasanganiswa nemvura (1: 9).

coccidiosis

Coccidiosis kunokonzerwa majemusi pakati twenjiva Group of coccidia kuti zvirwere mumasero ura, chiropa uye bile ducts.

Shiri cherechedza ruffled jasi, kuneta, lethargy, manyoka zvakasanganiswa neropa. Chirwere akafumura juveniles. Peak chirwere aona muzhizha.

Nokuti kurapa akashandisa mishonga - 0,05 magiramu of 2 kanomwe pazuva, uyewo quinacrine, izvo rakasanganiswa pa mwero 2 magiramu zvinodhaka ari mugomo wemvura.

paramyxovirus

Paramyxovirus njiva ndiyo causative mumiririri Newcastle chirwere. Chirwere rinoitwa kuburikidza muguruva. munhu asina chakakomba. Pakutanga pakuonekwa chirwere ndiyo nyota anyatsoona uye manyoka. Untreated anozivikanwa muviri, nokukanda musoro. A shiri haagoni kudya uye kunwa inouraya mugumisiro. Treatment haasi kuwanika. Kudzivirira nokushandisa kubaya gadziriro Colombovac PMV.

Pigeons chirwere uye kurapwa. Kubviswa zviratidzo kukonzerwa tupukanana

The inonyanya zvirwere njiva ndiyo askaridioze. Utachiona - ascarids nehonye mhuri. Kwakaitwa duku ura, kazhinji rinozivikanwa blockage. Uyewo, pane lethargy, uremu, uye manyoka. Wechipiri Inonyanya ndiye capillariasis, izvo utachiona vari rinowanikwa ura duku. kuzvimba intestinal mucosa rinozivikanwa. Chirwere anoiswa alimentary nzira. Parasitic zvirwere zviri chirwere kudzidza nemarara, umo mazai aonekwa utachiona. Nokuti kurapa vakashandisa zvinodhaka "Piperazine" panguva mwero 0,05 magiramu por 1 chiratidzazvizhinji 3 kanomwe pazuva, kurapwa akanga mberi 3 days, zvichiteverwa yokumbozorora 3 mazuva, uye ipapo kudzokorora kosi. Zvakakodzera kuchenesa njivavarungu nhoko kubva hweHIV.

Njiva: kwavo chirwere uye mabatiro yeziso

ziso chirwere nevakawanda hangaiwa kazhinji. Vari anokonzerwa kwemabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi, parasitic uye zvirwere nevasori, uyewo vhitamini kukanganisika. Apo chirwere hunhu nayo utachiona, kurapwa zvinofanira zvainanga kubvisa utachiona hwakakura. Kana vhitamini kushaikwa shiri zvokudya vafumiswa pamwe vhitamini A.

Kuzvimba ziso zvingabva nezvimwe zvirwere zvakadai sinusitis uye laryngotracheitis. Kazhinji njiva Panophthalmitis manotsi, chiratidzo inova dzisavhiringidza pakati Iris.

General dziviriro chirwere

Chero njiva chirwere (Zviratidzo pamusoro apa), zvisinei kwavo dhigirii ngozi nyore kudzivirira.

Nokuti chinangwa ichi pane hurongwa chaiye matanho:

1. Zviri shiri hwomutambarakede ezvinhu.
2. Kuramba utsanana mukati kwakavakirwa, vanongodya uye Vanonwa ari mukuru pamwero.
3. Kushandiswa prophylactic zvinodhaka.
4. Periodic vakaongorora njiva pamberi ectoparasites.
5. Zvinonzi zvaisambobvumirwa kuti zvorudzi dzomusango njivavarungu njiva uye shiri duku.
6. Zviri pakuraramisa shiri nenguva rubatsiro rwokurapa uye zvakakodzera.

Processing zvivako panowanikwa zvirwere

Complete kudzivirira zvirwere twenjiva hazvibviri pasina kunyatsotsanangura disinfection kuti musha. Zviitiko zvakadaro vanobvumirwa chete chakakwana voga shiri. Pakutanga, zvokuimba kuchenesa rinoitwa (kubvisa nemarara). Uyezve, masvingo, uriri uye zvose zvinhu mumba vari kubatwa nemvura inopisa. Unogona kushandisa mishonga yokuuraya utachiona. Zvakanaka-nekusimba caustic alkali, 5% dhibi, 3% mhinduro kreolina kana carbolic acid, formalin, uye nezvimwe rinodhaka. Mushure 2 maawa pashure kurapwa mukamuri kwazvo akazvitutumadza, kusukwa nemvura uye mishonga. Earth kushandura mabhokisi. Disinfection rinoitwa 2 pagore. Paul, dendere dzichimhara kubatwa kamwe chete muzvina. Waterers uye vanongodya vabatwe vhiki nevhiki.