Sei hove tifire akwariyamu? Aquarium nokuti beginners

Aquarium - a Kuwedzera kukuru mukati uye ungaona vane mwero dzinovaraidza kuti murege zvinoda unyanzvi uye kutarisirwa. Zvisinei, kazhinji vatsva mune iyi atarisana norufu pasi pemvura navagere. Sei hove tifire akwariyamu? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu uye ndichapa nyaya yedu.

The inonyanya chikanganiso beginners kutenda kuti tangi uye Hove kurarama mairi, havadi kunyatsotarisirwa. Hazvina kudaro, nokuti mhuka dzinovaraidza izvi vakanyarara vanoda kwete chete nguva nenguva kudya, vanoda chiedza uye okuwedzera okisijeni, uye zvichingodaro.

Sei hove tifire akwariyamu: Zvinokonzera

1. Akatakanurwa senitrogen tubhokisi zvinhu.
2. Sizvo ugari.
3. Chirwere.
4. Low / yakakwirira tembiricha.
5. chiedza rakaipa iri akwariyamu kana kushaya kwayo.
6. Usava mvura yepamusoro.
7. Kushaya okisijeni.
8. Chisimba kubva kuvavakidzani.
9. Old zera.

senitrogen chepfu

Nitrogen tubhokisi yeimwe kuoneka mumvura iri disintegration tsvina zvibereko vomumuzinda ayo, imba zvakaipa. Kunyanya chepfu nitrites uye nitrates. Kuwedzera nhamba yavo pamwe wakaora munhuhwi, asi akwariyamu kunova Cloudy. Utachiona kuti tsvina vari kupatsanurwa mune-pamusoro apa senitrogen remubatanidzwa uchagara mune Sefa fillers uye ivhu. The mhinduro iri yakakodzera mvura yokunatsa, kugara kushanda uye kugeza filters, kuderedza uwandu inosimbisa (rinogonawo yaora residues uye kuchetura akwariyamu).

sizvo ugari

How hove zhinji unogona kuchengetwa ari akwariyamu? Kuwanda vomumuzinda hakubvi chete pamusoro kureba dzavo uye muviri, asiwo maitiro avo. In Matangi diki (20-30 l) nani ane hove duku rakaonda, vanobatisisa mitemo, imwe fő emura chete sendimita kureba mhuka.

Nokuti dzidzo, hasha uye mhuka huru akakodzera inokwana zana kana kupfuura marita. Overpopulation vanotyisidzira nokushayiwa okisijeni uye, sezvo zvakaguma kurasikirwa mhuka. Chinhu chinokosha kuti utano mhenyu hove ndiye chiedza muna akwariyamu.

kwakakodzera chiedza

Sei hove kufa? The akwariyamu jekeso vangosiyiwa chero zvazvingava hazviiti. Most mhando hove vanoda chiedza kwemaawa 10-12 rimwe zuva, uye kana rinongova kushayikwa vanorwara uye vanofa.

Saka Aquarium (nokuti Beginners mazano aya kunyanya kukosha) inofanira vakagadzirira chaizvo chiedza namano.

chirwere

Kana hove tifire akwariyamu chaitika, unofanira kuziva nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. A chikonzero zvinowanzovapo vakawanda denda dzinovaraidza vari kurwara kwavo, izvo rakakamurwa noutachiona uye noninfectious.

aigona mhaka boka zvirwere rokutanga kuva Zvirwere (notumwe, nemavhairasi kana utachiona) uye nechisimba (siyana tupukanana). kukurumidza kushandisa mishonga inodiwa kubata zvirwere zvakadai:

• Caucasian. Inonzi Pseudomonas Dermoalba. Muviri uyu anopinda akwariyamu pamwe algae itsva, kana vagere pasi. Chirwere anoratidza muchimiro paumbwe deposits chena pamusoro shure uye muswe rehove. Utachiona vanhu vari akayangarara pamusoro pemvura. Utachiona hunokonzera kukuvara tsinga uye, naizvozvo, kurasikirwa Kufambisa. Treatment inoumbwa zvizere disinfection of akwariyamu (kusanganisira ivhu, chirimwa uye midziyo) uye kushandiswa nendiro dzacho pamwe chloramphenicol nokuda nevagari.
• Branhiomikoz. The Chikonzero parinowanika - Branchiomyces demigrans (chakuvhe), iyo inotungamirira inotungamirwa vakawanda clots mumidziyo ropa. The chirwere zvikuru chinotapuriranwa, uye mukati memazuva maviri kana matatu dzose mhuka akwariyamu inogona kurasika. Zvinokosha kuona chirwere panguva chiratidzo chirwere wokutanga uye kutanga kurapwa, izvo zvinogona zvaiwanzoitika gumi kusvika gumi mwedzi. Zviratidzo: pakuonekwa shava-tsvuku mitsara iri gills, kurasikirwa kudya, ipapo vachisundira zvimbi kusvika muviri. With kukura chirwere kuonekwa Pink, chena, vhudzi mavanga, uye gills kuva machena coloring. Sick hove Dehwe munzvimbo yakavandika nzvimbo. Zvipatara branhiomikoza kwakaderedza varwere wakasimwa vanhu ari oga mugaba uye kushandisa yemhangura sulfate mhinduro uye "rivanol". Aquarium uye disinfect zvokushandisa, uye kushandura mvura zvachose.
• Hexamitiasis. It akadana infusoria geksamitom. The chirwere kwazvo chinotapukira uye kunyanya ngozi cichlidae. Marapirwo anotora rimwe nehafu kusvikira vhiki mbiri. Symptomatology: pamusoro muviri hove kuonekwa mucosal erosive maronda, zvomoto horo uye mutsvina yadzo anova slimy chena shinda-akafanana zvakasikwa. Nokuti kurapa hexamitiasis akashandisa mishonga ( "Metronidazole" "Griseofulvin" "Erythromycin"). Asati kushandisa pamusoro anotsanangurwa zvinoreva ikaparara mumvura. In mhinduro vakawana chaibva uye chikafu.
• Gyrodactylosis. Anokonzera chirwere ari chisvetasimba fluke Gyrodactylus, achirova zvimbi, gills uye ganda hove. Kwakaita Vanhu vari pasi pemvura, zvimbi waitsimbirira mumuviri uye kuzora pamusoro pamatombo uye dzimwe hukawanika, vasava kudya. Munzvimbo yacho gills uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri kuonekwa brownish-grayish makwapa, vari zviratidzo kukuvara tishu. Nokuti kurapa gyrodactylosis akawedzera mvura "Bitsillin" uye "Azipirin". Neutachiona hove wakasimwa kupinda vakaparadzana mumidziyo, achiwedzera kuti ravaigona munyu, mhangura sulfate, formalin kana malachite mitema. The tembiricha mvura inofanira akawedzera.
• Glyukeoz. The mhaka chirwere ari chakuvhe Microsporidia, kunokuvadza maziso, nhengo dzomukati uye gills. Panyaya iyi, nehove utachiona kushambira kumativi dzavo, uye muviri wavo akafuka ropa makwapa. Kana akarova nokuda nhengo nechaanoona, ipapo exophthalmia. The chirwere zvinosuruvarisa chisingarapiki. mhuka utachiona uye zvinomera zvinodya, uye ivhu uye midziyo disinfected.
• Zenze ora. It akadana seinä Pseudomonas. Anowanzodanwa inokanganisa hove pamwe elongated miswe vualevidnymi achirapwa hypothermia. Pamwe kumicheto pakati zvimbi vachikura turbid uye mavara yebhuruu tint. In mukurwara kunoita zenze kuora, kusvikira muswe painova vanhu vaduku. Zvadaro inokanganisa ganda, tsandanyama uye nemidziyo ropa, zvichiguma norufu kunoitika. Nokuti kurapa Kushandisa nendiro dzacho pamwe malachite mutema, Antiparah kana "Bitsillin".
• Dactylogyrosis. The mhaka chirwere ari trematode chisvetasimba Dactylogyrus, izvo kunokanganisa gills hove. Varwere mhuka vakarasikirwa kushumba uye gills kushandura ruvara (kuva mottled kana whitish). Utachiona hove munochengetwa nechepamusoro, kwiza pamusoro pamatombo uye kushingaira kufema. mu dakashwa zvimbi glued, akafukidza madzihwa uye dzimwe nguva erozirovanny. dactylogyrosis kurapwa ipfupi kuwedzera mvura tembiricha iri akwariyamu uye kuwedzera formalin mhinduro mairi, munyu kana "Bitsillin".
• Chisasa. It akadana chakuvhuvhu kuti anorwisa zvomukati, ganda uye gills. Kazhinji sokuti chesekondari, somunhu kuomesa zvimwe zvirwere. In utachiona hove kuonekwa dzakaonda chena neshinda pamusoro gills uye ganda, ipapo kunokanganisa zvomukati, uye rufu kunoitika. Zvipatara kunotanga mushonga chikuru chirwere, uye ipapo kuwedzera kutapata uye rinoshandiswa potassium permanganate dzokugezera, "Bitsillin" uye tafura munyu.

mvura yepamusoro

The chikuru parameters zviri mvura iri tangi vari: kuomarara, anokuvadza tsvina (kuiisa chlorine, etc.), uye kuchena nenhanho acidity.

Tap mvura inogona kushandiswa chete pashure pacho rinopedza mukati mumwe maviri mazuva. Zvikasadaro kuiisa chlorine chepfu munogona dzinovaraidza.

mvura Too nyoro chinokurwadzai alkalosis, uye kuchiderera acidity pamwero - acidosis.

tembiricha mamiriro

Sei hove tifire akwariyamu? Zvichida chikonzero chiri kana kutonhora kunaka. Chinonyanya dzakakodzera ndiyo mvura 22-26 inegumi. Zvisinei, vamwe vagari, akadai labyrinth hove uye discus - 28-30 madhigirii, nendarama - 18-23 inegumi.

Too mvura inotonhora kunogona kukonzera mhuka inotonhora, zvakare kudziya - anoxia (sezvo dzakanga tembiricha, rezasi yakachena tigutsikane mumvura).

hwose

Kana hove tifire akwariyamu chaitika, unofanira kuziva nokukurumidza chaizvo. Zvichida chikonzero rokufa kwavo vakwegura. Mushure hove, uyewo mamwe zvipenyu, yakabudiswa imwe nguva:

• Carps. boka iri rinosanganisira guppies, platypus, uye platies molineziya. Kurarama Vamiririri kwakadai makore chete matatu nehafu.
• Labyrinth: cockerels, lyapiusy, gourami - makore mana kana mashanu.
• Characins: tetras, neons, piranhas nevana - makore manomwe.
• Carp: neminzwa, materesikopu, zebrafish, Cardinal - kubva mana nemashanu.
• Cichlidae: remaparrot, discus, severum, Apistogramma, tsihloma - kubva mana namana makore. Angelfish ari akwariyamu, idzo ndezvaJehovha boka iri kurarama avhareji yemakore gumi.

• Madzimabo: tarakatumy, Catfish girazi uye mottled - masere kusvika gumi apfuura.

Kuona kuchembera munhu ari nyore: nayo floats zvakaipa, inova usimbe, asi zvimbi vari rive dete. hove Dead pakarepo erases.

Kushaya okisijeni

Zviri zvinokosha zvinoriumba iyi mvura pasina tembiricha, nhamba vagari, uye kuvapo pathological aeration mafirimu pamusoro pemvura.

Kushaikwa okisijeni kunogona kukonzera asphyxia (kutadza kufema) hove. Muchiitiko chino, gills dzavo azarurirwa, uye kufema kufamba kuva kakawanda uye kwakakura. The mhuka iri akayangarara pamusoro pemvura, gasping nokuti mhepo. Pashure pechinguvana hove anourawa ane muromo uye gills takazarura. Pamusoro kuonekwa zviratidzo zvakadai vanofanira kuwana uye kugadzirisa mhosva asphyxia: kuti gadzai vomumuzinda, kuderedza tembiricha mvura, bvisa firimu uye kuchenesa akwariyamu mvura Exchange, kutenga chaiyo midziyo rokuvandudza mvura yakachena.

Kana ane nekumwisa okisijeni gasi emboli zvingaitika.

zvakawanikwa

Kana hove tifire akwariyamu, zvokuita?

1. Bvisa chiratidzazvizhinji akafa.
2. Cherechedza zvimwe dzinovaraidza (kuti vachinje maitiro, ruvara uye zvichingodaro).
3. Check Snap (akwariyamu nokuti beginners vachava: okisijeni nemushonga, mumwe Sefa, mumwe lämpömittari, nezvimwewo).
4. Kuongorora mamiriro mvura (kuziva tembiricha, acidity, kuomarara).
5. In pamberi tsvina - kushandura mvura, kuchenesa zvokushandisa uye pasi kana zvichidiwa.
6. Chinja chiedza muna akwariyamu.
7. hove Otsadit hosha kana ugere overpopulation.