Nhoroondo eArabhia Iraq

France ari kuedza kutaura simba rayo riri Oman kuti vawane zvomumvura vezvokutengeserana uye uto chawo pamukova kwePersian Gulf, akaramba Oman chikamu. Britain-French kunetsana kwakaguma ane nekuyanana chibvumirano pamusoro 1862 England uye France akaziva "rusununguko" pamusoro Muscat uye Zanzibar. Saka, France kuwiriraniswa Oman kwakaita chikamu; England rave kubvumwa pamusoro mashoko ake "rusununguko" kuti chaizvoizvo pakarepo kuvhiringidza naye. Kwemakore anoda kusvika gumi (1862-1871 gg.) Oman akanga zvaiyananiswa yakakurumbira kumukira British chidzoyi Sultan Suveyni (1856-1866 gg.). kumukira aya anotsigirwa Wahhabi Najd, anotsvaka kudzorera zvekare simba rayo riri Oman. Kusiyana chibvumirano muna 1862 England akapindira pachena Euro nyaya. Aigovera Suveyni pfuti uye zvikepe kurwa nevanhu, wakabhombwa maguta evapanduki nemisha, akarayira muropa nayo nemadzishe kuramba protégé yavo. The British vatongi Muscat akabatsira vanomisa yakakurumbira chimurenga.

Muna 1861, Britain yapa protectorate chibvumirano Sheikh pamusoro Bahrain Island. Chibvumirano yakanga kunangana Turkey uye Persia, chimwe nechimwe anonzi Bahrain zvayo yavo. Muna 1865, panguva kupandukira Oman, Chirungu mugari muGulf vakapinda Wahhabi guta guru al-Riyadh akatiwanira chibvumirano kuti mutongi Wahhabi akaedza haana kupa rubatsiro kune Euro vapanduki. In dzoka, Britain akapa Najd kubhadhara dzose mutero kubva Oman. Munguva 50s Britain akabatwa ari pamhenderekedzo yokumaodzanyemba eArabhia chitsuwa Perim chitsuwa-Muriyya curiae. Nhoroondo eArabhia Iraq.

Kusimbiswa nzvimbo Britain uye Iraq, uko 60-ies wekambani yeBritain hwakagadzwa Lynch rwizi nemasaisai pamusoro Tigirisi - pakati Baghdad uye Basra. Uyewo, Basra rave chokuita kuti nguva dzose "Chirungu rwendo negungwa kuti zvengarava kwePersian Gulf uye India, uye pashure pakuvhurwa zviri neSuez Canal uye zviteshi muEurope. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, Britain yaiitisa kuburikidza Iraq mutsetse East Indian Telegraph. nezviyero zvose izvi zvakabatsira kuti pave British kutengeserana Iraq uye Persia (mu dzaifanoiswa kuburikidza Iraq). vatengesi Chirungu pumped kubva Iraq zviyo, shinda, mazuva. Mutsika British zvinhu zvakazoita kuti kuparadzwa omunzvimbo ounyanzvi.

Muna 1869, Baghdad akagadzwa gavhuna Midhat Pasha, remangwana munyori Turkish remitemo. Mukutonga Midhat Pasha Turkish Kudzvinyirira atora munhu yakanyanya kuoma chimiro. Midhat kuzviuru anongofamba uye Semi-anongofamba Arab madzinza uye yakakwirira mitero vakakumbira kusingazununguki kubhadhara dzavo, iye zvombo marudzi vakasundira fellahin uye Bedouin kushumira muchiuto muuto wokuTurkey. Izvi "zvakagadzirwa" uye anonzi 1869 yakakura kumukira pakati vechiArabhu madzinza, rakanga utsinye nokuita Midhat. Nhoroondo eArabhia Iraq.