Natural zvatichiri chirwere: tsananguro, zvinokonzera uye kurapwa

The chikuru hunhu rwokuzvarwa zvatichiri zvirwere ndechokuti dzavo utachiona evanhu chinopfuudzwa kubva shiri kana mhuka. Kazhinji, nokupfuuridzirwa kunoitika nomukombiyuta ikaruma ropa-yakayamwa Zvipembenene akadai umhutu. Mune dzinongoitika chikuru anogona pamwe akawanda utachiona - .. Mabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi, honye, majemusi, etc. Kuti adzivirire pamusoro dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere, mazhinji pozi nengozi hwevanhu, zvinokosha kuti mashoko pamusoro modes kuti kupararira uye nzira muzvidzivirire zvirwere.

Chii "rwokuzvarwa musha"?

Mashoko okuti "rwokuzvarwa pfungwa" anonongedza zvakananga kuti anokonzera chirwere chiripo zvakasikwa. Vector nezvipembenene uye zviwanikwa zvatichiri nezvirwere chokuita nedzimwe biogeocenoses. Activators inoitika zvatichiri zvirwere vanowanzotevedzera kupararira vachibva vanhu nemhuka, izvo zvinoreva kuti munhu anenge ari akafanana biogeocoenose anogona kutapukirwa. Panyaya iyi utachiona vari chinopfuudzwa munzira dzakasiyana: kuburikidza zvipembenene ikaruma, inhaled, akaomeswa tsvina mhuka utachiona, etc ...

Dzidziso zvedzidzo E. N. Pavlovskogo

Dzidziso rwokuzvarwa zvatichiri zvirwere Academician Pavlovsky ndomumwe zvikuru nebudiriro chaivo nesayenzi.

Pavlovsky dzidziso inoti kuti munharaunda dzimwe nharaunda, pane muhomwe zvirwere zvinogona kutapukira vanhu. foci aya aumba munguva refu shanduka biogeocoenose.

Natural zvatichiri chirwere kunoitika apo panguva pane Links matatu:

• vagari utachiona;
• vagari mhuka dziri wehondo (reservoirs) chirwere utachiona;
• Vector hwevanhu utachiona.

Somuenzaniso, imwe dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere zvinosanganisira pendinskaya maronda, mune dzimwe nzvimbo Central Asia. Leishmania ndivo causative mutumwa chirwere. Dura Leishmania ndivo gerbils - nemakonzo duku kuti kurarama mumarenje. A Leishmania akatamisa kuburikidza umhutu ikaruma.

Mune imwe nzvimbo kungava panguva aripo vakawanda foci kwezvirwere, zvakakosha kufunga kana kuva matanho.

Dzakasiyana-siyana rwokuzvarwa foci

Natural zvatichiri chirwere rinogona mhando mbiri:

• monovektornoe - nokubata utachiona kubva mumwe muviri mumwe anogona kubatanidzwa keriya mumwe chete;
• polyvector - kutapukirwa angava marudzi vanoverengeka vatakuri.

EN Pavlovsky akasarudza mumwe rwokuzvarwa foci mhando - antropourgicheskie. The chidzoke nzvimbo izvi nokuda mabasa evanhu uye mano vamwe vatakuri chinja kune synanthropic kuvapo. vatakuri kwakadaro, dzakadai umhutu uye Zvikwekwe, zvinowanika kunyanya mumaguta kana mumaruwa zviruva, kuti zviri pedyo kumatende dzevanhu.

Vectors dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere

Natural Zvirwere zvatichiri zvinogona kuparadzirwa nezvemarudzi maviri vatakuri: yakananga uye nonspecific. In zvinenge chaizvo vatakuri causative mumiririri inopfuura dzimwe nzendo dzavo upenyu kutenderera: Anowanza, inovaka, kana kunyange kunze zai ichichinja kuita dukutu. The causative mumiririri anogona kuramba ayo anokosha mumuviri chete chairo transporter, kuchinja nayo mukufamba shanduka.

Nonspecific vectors Utachiona mechanically kuzununguswa. Panyaya iyi, iyo causative nomumiririri kwenguva duku kana proboscis, kana ari muura ari Distributor.

anogona kuitika sei hweHIV?

Chirwere dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere zvinogona kuitika nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana:

• maindasitiri kusvibiswa chokuita basa rinoitwa pasi nharaunda yedondo nzvimbo, kana pedyo navo, utachiona inogona kuitika panguva kuvakwa kana kutema kuvhiyiwa panguva yokukohwa noruchinda, muriwo nezvimwewo nezvimwewo..
• kusvibiswa apo uchishanda panguva zhizha koteji: Kazhinji nemakonzo kuti wokushandura zvirwere, vanogara mudzimba kana anoteura zhizha, hutachiona kunogona kuitika kana inhaled tsvina akaomeswa makonzo uye makonzo;
• epamba chirwere kuti rinowanzoberekera mudzimba, izvo riri pedo musango, ndiye akaita kuti nemakonzo kupinda chipenye, wedzimba kana dzokugara;
• chirwere panguva pfupi dzezvitsigiro mudondo Somuenzaniso, kufamba kana musasa rwendo.

Rakajairika zvirwere

Ratidza nemucherechedzo wetiki nezvipembenene encephalitis - chirwere dzinongoitika zvatichiri dzinoratidzwa zvikuru kudhaka uye kukundwa uropi uye musana. In varwere kuva kuramba kusingarapiki chetsinga kukuvadzwa, zvimwe zvinouraya.

Japanese encephalitis - ane chirwere chakasimba, yokuvamba ne uropi uye ayo membranes. Mutakuri Japanese encephalitis mosquito. Main zviratidzo: lethargy, kurukutika, matauriro zvirwere uye zvakaratidzwa, nefivhiri, chills uye kurutsa. Inouraya Mugumisiro iri kuchengetwa 40-70% nyaya.

Chimbwamupengo - ndeimwe ngozi dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira wokusagadzikana, hypersensitivity kune chiedza, kushaya hope, nezvipusha, chimbwamupengo. Murwere anoona zvisipo, anova hasha.

Foot uye muromo - maperembudzi dzinongoitika zvatichiri kukanganisa mucous membranes, periungual mubhedha uye matanga pakati minwe. Utachiona hwakakura anopinda muviri kuburikidza chikafu. Tanga FMD unopinza zvakakwana, yokuvamba unopinza kuwedzera kupisa. Most yakanaka fungidziro, kunyange zvazvo vana vanogona zvakakomba matambudziko.

Chigwadara - maperembudzi ane mhando mbiri: cutaneous uye septic. The cutaneous chimiro kunoratidzwa kuti pane zvakawanda maronda. chimiro ichi anovandudza zvishoma nezvishoma zvakakwana uye zvakanaka rinorapika. Septic muchimiro ngozi zvikuru rufu zvingaitika mazuva mashoma.

Prevention rwokuzvarwa zvatichiri zvirwere

Pavlovsky dzidziso rwokuzvarwa zvatichiri zvirwere akava vakasimudzira zvikuru tinosvika kuna kudzivirira. Nepo pakutanga huru mwero kudzivirira zvirwere raiva kurapa utachiona vanhu uye kuparadzwa vectors, zvakadai umhutu uye Zvikwekwe, kuti nhasi huru chinangwa ndiyo kubviswa reservoirs mhuka.

Kuti vazvidzivirire kubva dzinongoitika zvatichiri zvirwere, zvinokosha kuchengeta zvinoverengeka matanho: kuti nenguva majekiseni, haana kupinda nzvimbo yemhuka dziri vatakuri utachiona, uyewo kuti vazvidzivirire kubva ikaruma kuti zvipembenene vectors kushandisa namahwindo mbatya kana kushandisa chaiwo nomushonga wezvipembenene .