Mwari Multi-nezvombo Shiva. Ishe Shiva munhoroondo

MuIndia, achiri airemekedzwa Shiva. Mwari ndiye kusingaperi, inomiririra kutanga zvose. chitendero chake kuonekwa mukuru munyika. Ipapo varume musimboti kwainzi kungotarisa, kunofambira mberi uye kusingaperi, uye munhukadzi - uye kushingaira zvinhu.

Munyaya ino tinenge kunyatsotarisisa pamwe mufananidzo wekare mwari. Vakawanda vakaona mufananidzo wake. Asi vashoma vanhu tsika dzokuMadokero chete kuziva nezveupenyu hwake.

nhoroondo date

Vaongorori vanodavira kuti nyaya mwari Shiva midzi muna Harappan budiriro. Ndiyo tsika maIndia vekare vaigara pamusoro kunyika North India. Vakatsiviwa Aryans akauya chiuru chemakore chechitatu BC muna Indus River mupata. Nhasi matongo guta riri kumusoro kunosvika wenharaunda Pakistan.

Tinoziva Pashupati chisimbiso uye vamwe Lingams (nezvezvinoreva shoko iri Papera) nezvenguva. Vaiva pakati anowana muna Monhedzho-Daro uye Harappa.

Nokusvika pakati Aryans ndiyo pokugadzwa chitendero chitsva. Izvi akafanana chakasimwa chiKristu vahedheni muzana remakore rokutanga AD. Zvino pane mufananidzo itsva, iyo merges Shiva - mwari Rudra, vane hasha uye utsinye anorichengeta dutu, hondo uye kuparadza.

Ko nhoroondo kudzokorora pacharo ane pfuma kodzero? Good dzechihedheni zvifananidzo, sezvakaita Greek Pan uye satyrs midzimu yakaipa ari chiedza itsva uye chitendero. Aria akafunga kuti hazvina chivi kuuraya "kunamata lingam."

Munyaya vedas, Shiva rinotaurwa Rig Veda, Yajur Veda uye Atharva Veda. Vose, zita Rudra ane repetitions vanopfuura mazana mashanu.

Zvisinei, paivawo vatsigiri tsika yakare, akabatana vavengi zvinetso Brahmanical. Zvinoreva upenyu hwakanga kunamata vamwari vose, kana iwe uri nokuti havana kugamuchira mutongo, kunyange inotevera kuberekwazve? Pashure pezvose, muna vedas zvinonzi chete Brahmins aigona kuwana ruponeso.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mune dzimwe mapoka zvinenge itsva (Shraman) mumwe chikuru unhu kupira kwainzi Nemadehenya aiuraya Brahmin.

Mune imwe Upaniṣad (netsanangudzo Veda) ndiyo yakakwana uye hurongwa kugutsikana Shivaism uzivi. bhuku rino ine zana gumi magwaro anonzi "Svetasvatara".

mufananidzo

Sezvinoratidzwa sezvo Shiva? Mwari yayo yekare zimukadzimu raiva chimiro lingam pamwe tripundra (nhatu chena chinjikira mitsetse). chiratidzo ichi zvinoratidza mumajeri vatatu mweya womunhu kana zvitatu Huns, vanoumba nyika vaMaya.

Gare gare vakatanga chinoreva Shiva vagere lotus chinzvimbo kana kutamba.
Muchiitiko chokutanga akanga ganda akacheneruka akanga yebhuruu mutsipa uye mana maoko. Mwari kazhinji agere ari lotus chinzvimbo pamusoro ingwe ganda, uye ganda akakandwa pamusoro pamafudzi nzou kana ingwe. Nguva dzose pahuma yake akazarura ziso rechitatu. Uyezve, kana ari nyoka. Iye akatamisa pamusoro mafudzi, akarembera vakapoteredza mutsipa kana muchimiro nezvishongo pamaoko ake uye makumbo. Shiva ane mhete mbiri dzakasiyana. Mune imwe mukono nzeve uye yechipiri nomunhukadzi.

The nzira yechipiri - munhu kutamba Shiva. Nritya-murti (chifananidzo) anogona kuva akasiyana nhamba maoko kuti zvombo kana murunyararo, asi nguva dzose pasi petsoka dzavo kutamba mwari akakundwa zvipfupi. dhimoni iri Apasmar-Purush, inomiririra pasi illusory nyika yatiri kurarama.

unhu

Kufanana nevamwe vanamwari wechiHindu pantheon zhinji, Shiva ane zvakawanda hunhu. Vatariri vakakomba nyika, uchaona mifananidzo siyana vanamwari. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani tsika India, kunokosha zvishoma kuongorora kwayo Chirevo.

Shiva anezvakawanda zvombo - Adzhagava (kunyanya hanyanisi), Bhindipala (nemharu), Gadhi (tsvimbo), Khadga (munondo), Khatvanga (setsvimbo yedehenya), Khetaka (bhodhi) nevamwe vakawanda.

Chimwe chinokosha chizenga ndiyo trident Ishe Shiva - Trishul. It inomirira zvinhanho zvitatu shanduka, kuti gunas matatu, zviso matatu nguva uye dzimwe pfungwa.

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka mutsika zvinhu. Chillum (chaiyo mutopota), Shankha (goko), mudra (chinzvimbo maoko), Kaumudi (chake pamusoro dakunanzva kusafa), dzichingochururuka (ndiro muchimiro yedehenya), Damara (dhiramu, inomiririra ari vibration wezvose wokutanga, izvo zvakaitika) akshamala (chaiwo marozari).

Shiva ane vanoverengeka simba: Agni (moto), Ganga (rwizi kudenga, iye kwanyarara) uye Shakti (simba). Uye dzimwe mhuka: Naga (nyoka) ganda nzou uye ingwe, Nandini (chena nzombe) Krishnamriga (hadzi) uye Ankushev (nzou Chibayiso).

Saka, tinoona kuti Shiva ane unhu nzvimbo zivo kuti inoitirwa kusimudza munhu kubva nyika yedu kumusoro.

mhuri

mwari Indian Shiva pakutanga akaroora Sati kana Shakti, mwanasikana Daksha. Asi pane yezvechitendero kuti musikana akaita kuzvipira immolation nokuda akagumbukira baba vake.

Asi iye pashure akanga unoberekwazve mune mumwe zimukadzimu itsva. Zvino zita rake riri Parvati (Mountain Girl) uye baba vake - eHimalaya gomo siyana. Zvinonzi kazhinji ishiri mudzimai mwari Shiva.

Ivo vane vanakomana vaviri - Ganesha (mwari nzou okushayiwa uchenjeri) uye scandium (mwari hondo, ane misoro matanhatu nemaviri maoko nemakumbo), uyewo mwanasikana Manasi.

mazita

Kumadokero tsika yokuIndia mwari Shiva anozivikanwa chete nezita iroro. Zvisinei, vaHindu vanoziva kupfuura chiuru mazwi, chiri epithet ari mwari.

Pakati pavo vane "vanotyisa" uye "Rakanaka," "vakuru" uye "Ragamuffin", "Mambo lingam," "Uyo unokunda rufu," "Ishe zvipenyu" uye vamwe vakawanda.

Anokosha uye inonyatsozivikanwa 108 vavo. Ivo iziviswe muchimiro nokunyengetera nokuteterera vakasikwa kuchenesa pfungwa, uyewo kupa ayo pakakwirira.

Mabasa, tsika, mitambo

mwari Multi-zvombo Shiva ndiyo Mwari mukuru mu Saivism. Ari airemekedzwa sezvo youtatu shanduka zvakasikwa - kusununguka, kukura uye rufu. Zvinonzi zvakare vaidavira kuti achaparadza nyika ino pakupera mahayugi kuti panzvimbo yayo yakavakwa itsva.

Iye anochengeta varapi akapa vanhu Om Vandana uye Sanskrit. Uyezve, Shiva nguva dzose pamwe neboka navaranda nemadhimoni uye nemidzimu.

The huru mbiri tsika chokuita mwari uyu, anonzi Panchabrahma Vandana uye Rudra sukta. Ivo inoitwa rinonyatsooneka zororo gore, yakatsaurirwa kuna Shiva. Shivaratri rinopembererwa pakupera February uye usiku kumuchato Shiva uye Parvati.

Temberi inozivikanwa kwazvo

The Baijnath guta mukuvamba namatatu remakore, temberi Ishe Shiva yakavakwa. Akadana mumwe mazita ake - Vaidyanatha (vaichengetedza kuti varapi).

Kamwe nzvimbo iyi yaiva tsvene mwari, asi vatengesi vemo vakasarudza immortalize mazita avo, dzichiisa kwazvo chivakwa. Mazita vatengesi - Ahuk uye PCEA.

Nhasi, guta rino tembere chikuru nzvimbo kukwezvwa. Zvinonzi yakavakwa zvakanakisisa netsika deposits (North Indian mapurani chikoro). Chivako akapoteredzwa rusvingo uye ane napo maviri.

Kazhinji, mwari multi-zvombo Shiva mukati mutemberi unoratidzwa chete rokuti lingam. Uyezve, runoonekwa Swayambhu ( "kuzvidzora kuzomukazve"). Makavakwa pamusoro pamasvingo Bhanabhasi-reliefs muri vanamwari vakawanda, madhimoni, uye vamwe vanhu vari wechiHindu pantheon.

Pamberi pesuo ndiyo chidhori Nandi, nzombe chena. mhuka iyi ndiyo imwe vakawanda chokufambisa Shiva. It chinofananidzira wakachena dharma uye nomwoyo wose, kuzvitsaurira uye ushingi.

Today Vaidyanath tembere chinokwezva mamiriyoni emadhora vazhinji vechitendero uye vashanyi.

chiratidzo mwari

Takatodzidza kutaurwa nguva zhinji shoko "lingam". Rinobatanidzwa naye Shiva. Mwari anongoti kazhinji akataura pfungwa iyi. Chii?

Lingam rimwe Sanskrit rinoreva "chiratidzo, chiratidzo". Hazvina cylindrical ane dzeraundi makavharidzira chivezwa, vanenge imwe hemispherical pamusoro. Vatsvakurudzi vakawanda vachida kuona nayo sechiratidzo pakati twasu phallus. VaHindu vekare vaidavira lingam husingaoneki nzira huMwari.

Iye anoratidzwa kazhinji pacharo, uye matsva aiwanzopiwa wokushanda naye denderedzwa kana sikweya, iyo inomirira "yoni" (nyinyo, chibereko). Nhasi ichaongororwa kuva vanotongwa maviri kupfuura kare muchirumbidza kubatana vechirume. murume Hindu chete nokusingaperi uye kunofambira mberi, uye hadzi pfupi, unochinja uye zvinhu.

Dzimwe nyanzvi kuona kumumvuri pamusoro stambha lingam, chaiwo yechibairo pambiru. To iye akasungirirwa mombe kuti wagadzirira kuti uuraye.

Pane chaiyo kupira, unosanganisira kugeza ari lingam, mantras uye zvibayiro zvinopiswa muchero, maruva, rusenzi, uye dzimwe nyaya vanotenderwa.

Muchato Shiva uye Parvati

Pane ngano, umo mukadzi mwari Shiva Shakti chokutanga anourayiwa. Izvi imhaka kurambwa baba vake.

Legend anoti ichi. Kamwe vakadzoka nomudzimai raMwari mumwe asramas. Shiva musango vakakotama commoner. Wife zvakashamisa maitiro ake. Ipapo Mwari akatsanangura kuti mukuberekwazve Vishnu. Shakti, kuongorora kunze, zvinotora chimiro Sita, mukadzi ane commoner, uye anoenda kwaari. Rama anoona mwarikadzi wake.

Kuona nzira itsva Shakti, Shiva hunoguma kunzwisisa semudzimai, nekuti iye akamuyeuchidza amai vake. The musikana akasuruvara uye vanozviita kusawirirana.

Just panguva ino baba vake Shakti anotanga mabiko, asi asingaiti kukoka vaduku nokuti nokusawirirana pamwe Shiva. Iye anosarudza kuenda ikoko pachangu. Asi Daksha unotsauka kubva kwaari. With kushungurudzika Shakti anobata moto uye anourayiwa.

Ashatirwa, Shiva anotora muviri wake uye otanga kuita ake kutamba kuparadzwa. Kana haarambidzi Vishnu, angadai akaparadza muchadenga.

Mushure vachichema mwari anova munhu anozviramba muna eHimalaya, uye Shakti iri patsva mumufananidzo Parvati, mwanasikana wamwari gomo. Pakupedzisira, musikana anokwanisa vabvume Shiva, uye varoora kana kuroorwa.

In chiHindu, zororo iri anonzi Shivaratri, uye rinopembererwa gore negore.

Mwari wavamwari

Sezvo imi makaona, mune munhu, tiri kutaura munyaya ino, mazita akawanda. Pakati pavo ndiye Mwari wavamwari, Mahadeva Shiva. maviri okutanga muna December 2011, akazosarudzwa sezvo zita nokuda wepaterevhizheni. dzino ake vari vapfurwa India nhasi.

Zvarongwa Zvikamu dzinobva ngano, ngano uye zvikamu zvemashoko ari Upanishads. Huru zviitiko kubva Puranas. Mukuwedzera, muna kunyora kushanda manyorero zvave Devdatt Pattanaik anozivikanwa Indian mungano uye zvidzidzo zvechitendero.

Akatevedzana rakashandurirwa mumitauro mitauro kumaodzanyemba kweIndia. Nhasi, filmed vanopfuura zana namakumi mashanu Zvikamu. Music zvakanyorwa kwavari Bavra hama.

«Devon ke Dev ... Mahadev» anozivikanwa mu Russia. Indian tsika Fans vanogona kunakidzwa TV ngaatevedzane Subtitles.

Saka, nhasi, tinoudzwa remabhuku vanamwari munhau. Akadzidza unhu, mazita, uye zvimwe zvinofadza nezvokuungana Shiva.

rombo rakanaka, shamwari dzangu! Travel zvakawanda!