Mumwe endemic - iri chinoshamisa kushongedzwa Nyika

Siyana uye endemic mhando - kwemarudzi pakatarisana mumwe pamusoro dzinogarisana. Zita anotaura pacharo: ἔνδημος rinoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki rinoreva "romunzvimbo". Anokosha pamusoro kasvisto uye fauna of chero muchisungwazve nzvimbo inonzi endemism.

Nekwavanogara

Endemic miti, uyewo mhuka endemic, shiri, tumbuyu, kazhinji kuwanikwa munhu mumupata kuti muhomba, mugwenga kana Oceanic zvitsuwa. Tinogona kutaura kuti endemic akapfuma munzvimbo kuti vasina refu zvoutachiona nevanhu vamiririri nemiti uye fauna of vedzimwe nyika. Izvi Somuenzaniso, Madagascar, Hawaii, chitsuwa St. Helena.

In matombo Namib mugwenga muAfrica chinokura kujairika chirimwa welwitschia mirabilis - Welwitschia zvinoshamisa, rwakaita rakarasika kubva jecha yakaoma inopisa pfupi giza chinoshamisa mufambi chisingatarisirwi runako.

Old uye itsva

Areas dzaunogona kuwana endemic - hazvina zvachose parinoperera uwandu muchadenga, vanogona kuva dzakakura chaizvo. Endemic sayenzi zvinoda uye mhando nemhuka kuti ndezvemamiriro munhu kondinendi kana chikamu chayo vakadaro. Somuenzaniso, vakawanda Eucalyptus miti kukura muAustralia uye New Zealand, mumwe mhando chirimwa ichi rinowanikwa chete muPhilippines. Zvimwezvo zvakaitika rinokosha mhando softwood - Metasequoia (Metasequoia glyptostroboides), izvo zvinogona vachikura matatu metres kureba. Iye kwainzi yakatotsakatika kubva pasi, asi pakati remakore rapfuura, masayendisiti akawana miti avo mugomo Masango Sichuan province. Ipapo Metasequoia akawana mamwe zvishoma nzvimbo Northern Hemisphere. Nyanzvi dzinoti ichi endemic - ndiye mumiririri yekare kwemarudzi, iyo zvakarurama inonzi paleoendemikom. Asi pane anonzi neoendemics - dzinowanika kuchimuka dziri kwadzo dzoga.

Anogara mumvura dzakajeka Lake Baikal

Yakabuda makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 25 apfuura, zvakadzamisisa yakachena mvura muviri inozivikanwa vakawanda endemic kwemarudzi. Nyanzvi dzakaona kuti ose mugari rechitatu kwegungwa - iri endemic. Ichi hove (Baikal sculpin, golomyanka, cisco), crustaceans (amphipod), invertebrates (sechipanji Baikal).

Lake Baikal Anozvirumbidza yakaisvonaka Freshwater chisimbiso, iyo inonziwo Baikal chisimbiso. Izvi endemic howa inowanikwa kuchamhembe uye pakati zvikamu kwegungwa. mucherechedzo Baikal hibernates mu burrows that pasi chando kana chando, Raking navo anokosha makomba mhepo - makomba mhepo. Vaongorori vanodavira kuti chisimbiso apinda Baikal kubva kweArctic Ocean kuburikidza kuchamhembe Yenisei River uye Angara River muna Ice Age.

zvinoera ano

Pakati nedzimwe mhuka dzakakurumbira endemic anganzi mauto Marsupials uye Oviparous. Mukuru paleoendemiki anonziwo zvipenyu zvisaririra. Pakati Nyanzvi idzi dzinoti boka anenge yakatotsakatika Crossopterygii. The zvimbi wevamiriri izvi kwoumambo mvura yakaiswa pamusoro tsandanyama mashizha. Nhasi, chete Crossopterygii ivhu vanowanikwa 1938 hove endemic inonzi coelacanth. Humwe howa iyi hove upenyu kumaodzanyemba uye kumabvazuva kweAfrica, uye mumwe - pedyo nechiwi Sulawesi muIndonesia.

Vazhinji endemic mhando dzakanyorwa muna Red Book. Pakati pavo - pangozi mugungwa reCaspian chisimbiso. In dzinopisa, yeSouth West Indian chipenyu Woody lvinohvosty macaques, rinonziwo Vander pamusoro Earth havasi anopfuura maviri nehafu zviuru. Imwe pangozi zvikuru mhando dzemhuka panyika angonoka kamba ainzi.

Shoko "endemic" uye rinoreva rokufananidzira, dzimwe nguva sedimikira kushandisa paaitaura netsika, izvo zvinoitika muna ethnographic, chitendero, kana chero chimwe boka dzomunharaunda.