Mosfet - chii? Kushandisa uye ongororo pamusoro transistors

Munyaya ino uchadzidza pamusoro transistors, MOSFET, kureva, vamwe redunhu ipapo. Chero mhando munda zvazviri transistor, vane chiyamuro iri electrically vasave huru ano rokutakura chiteshi. Uye ndokusaka inonzi munda mugumisiro transistor pamwe gedhi insulated. Vakawanda mhando yakadaro munda zvazviri transistor, iro rinoshandiswa mhando dzakawanda zvigadzirwa nematunhu, inonzi munda-zvazviri transistor simbi-oxide-semiconductor yakavakirwa kana sanduko mos transistor (rakapfupikiswa chidimbu kuti maatomu akafanana izvi).

Chii MOSFET?

MOSFET chinhu FET voltage raitungamirirwa, inova vakasiyana munda pakuti ane "chesimbi oxide" electrode pasuwo riri electrically insulated kubva huru semiconductor N-gwara kana S.-mugero ane mutete chaizvo paiva insulating zvinhu. Kazhinji, ndizvo silica (uye kana nyore, magirazi).

Izvi Ultra-matetetete insulated simbi gedhi electrode rinogona aionekwa somunhu capacitor ndiro. Insulation kudzora chiyamuro inoita kurwisa zviri MOSFET zvakakwirira zvikuru, husingakuvadzi hazviperi.

Sezvo munda mos transistors vane refu kwazvo chiyamuro impedance. Inogona kuunganidza nyore yakawanda kunofambira mberi vebasa, iyo inotungamira kukuvadza, kana ukasachenjerera kudzivirirwa nengetani.

Kusiyana kubva MOSFET kumunda-kushanda transistors

Musiyano mukuru kubva munda kuti MOSFETs zvinowanikwa mbiri dzinokosha siyana:

1. Kuparadzwa - transistor kunoda gedhi-tsime voltage kuti nokuchinja mudziyo kuti "Off". Kuparadzwa muoti MOSFET kwakafanana "kuitiswa kuvharwa" chinja.
2. Saturation - transistor kunoda gedhi-tsime voltage kutsausa pasi mudziyo. Wana Mode MOSFET rinoreva kuti chinja ne "anowanzoita kuvharwa" vokukurukura.

Zviratidzo transistors pamusoro nematunhu

The mutsetse pakati kubatana zviri Drain uye bhuku riri semiconductor chiteshi. Kana dhayagiramu izvo zvinoratidza MOSFET transistors, izvozvo inomiririrwa mafuta rakasimba mutsetse, kuti chinhu unoshanda kuparadzwa muoti. Sezvo mamiriro anogona dzichibva zvaimutambisira kusvikira pasuwo razero mukana. Kana chiteshi kunoratidzwa phantom mutsetse kana kutyoka mutsetse, kuti transistor unoshanda saturation muoti nokuti mamiriro inoyerera razero gedhi zvinogona. Museve mirayiridzo rinoratidza conductive gwara imwe peji-mhando kana semiconductor peji-mhando. Uye zvipfuwo transistors vari akasarudzwa saizvozvo vavo dzimwe dzomuzana.

The chikuru maumbirwo MOSFET transistor

Pamasikiro MOSFET (kureva, anorondedzerwa zvizere munyaya) kwakasiyana chaizvo kubva kumunda. Vose Mhando transistors anoshandiswa yemagetsi munda wakasika napasuwo voltage. Kushandura aibuda muripo vatakuri, maerekitironi vari N-mugero kana buri nokuda S.-mugero kuburikidza semiconductive panobva-Drain chiteshi. Suwo electrode anoiswa pamusoro nhete kwazvo insulating rukoko uye ane mbiri duku S.-mhando kumatunhu chete pasi zvaimutambisira uye mabviro electrodes.

kwete kushanda pasina kumanikana nemunhu insulated gedhi mudziyo mos transistor. Saka zvinoita kubatanidza kusvika pasuwo MOSFET panobva mumamiriro polarity (akanaka kana akaipa). Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kakawanda kupinza transistors pane zvavo mudzimba dzomuzana.

Izvi zvinoita MOSFET mano zvinonyanya kubatsira sezvo zvemagetsi haizoshandisi kana pfungwa mano, nekuti pasina simba kubva kunze, vanowanzoita regai kuitisa ano. Chikonzero ichi chakakwirira chiyamuro gedhi nemishonga. Saka, zviri chaizvo duku kana kuti vaisakosha kudzora kunodikanwa nokuda mos transistors. Nokuti ndangariro dzinodzorwa externally kwakapa.

Kuparadzwa muoti MOSFET

Kuparadzwa muoti kunoitika ndoda kazhinji kupfuura pfuma modes pasina kwaakarerekera voltage rinoshandisirwa kugedhi. Kureva gwara rinei pa razero gedhi voltage, saka, mudziyo "rinowanzoitwa yakavharwa". Madhayagiramu rinoshandiswa kureva mutsetse hwakasimba kazhinji akavharwa conductive gwara.

Nokuti N-mugero kuparadzwa mos transistor, akaipa gedhi-tsime voltage akaipa, zvichava deplete (richizonzi) kwayo achiitisa mugero transistor vakasununguka maerekitironi. Saizvozvowo S.-mugero mos transistor ndiyo Kuparadzwa zvakanaka gedhi-tsime voltage, gwara achaita deplete mumakomba avo vakasununguka, anozunungusa mudziyo mune isiri kuitisa mamiriro. Asi akaramba ari transistor hakutsamiri chii nokushanda kwadzinoita.

Nemamwe mashoko, kuparadzwa muoti N-mugero MOSFET:

1. Zvakanaka voltage panguva zvaimutambisira Yakakura uwandu maerekitironi uye ano.
2. Zvinoreva zvishoma kunaka voltage uye kwazvino maerekitironi.

The Ivan Kuchin ndezvechokwadiwo kuti S.-mugero transistors. Nepo kuparadzwa muoti MOSFET kwakafanana "kazhinji akazaruka" chinja.

N-mugero mos transistor ari kuparadzwa muoti,

Kuparadzwa muoti MOSFET inovakwa saizvozvo sezvo kuti dzesango-kushanda transistors. Uyezve, zviri zvaimutambisira-panobva gwara - a conductive rukoko pamwe maerekitironi uye maburi, izvo aripo ari N-mhando kana S.-mhando makwara. Akadaro mugero doping pave pasi kurwisa conductive pakati zvaimutambisira uye anokonzera pamwe razero voltage nzira. Uchishandisa tester transistors anogona kuitisa kuyerwa dzenzvimbo uye voltages panguva yayo goho uye chiyamuro.

Wana Mode MOSFET

More zvakajairika MOSFET transistors ndiyo pfuma muoti, ndiko kudzoka kuna kuparadzwa muoti. Pane achiitisa mugero tumafuta doped kana undoped, izvo zvinoita non-conductive. Izvi zvinotungamirira ndechokuti mudziyo iri simbe rudzi haasi kuitisa (apo suo kutsvetera voltage ndiyo razero). Madhayagiramu kutsanangura ichi mhando mos transistors anoshandiswa akatyoka mutsetse kuratidza kazhinji yakavhurika-kuitisa mugero.

Kuti uvandudze N-mugero mos transistor Drain razvino dzichayerera chete apo suwo voltage rinoshandisirwa pasuwo kupfuura pachikumbaridzo voltage. Nokushandisa yakanaka voltage pasuwo rimwe S.-mhando MOSFET (ndiko kuti, mashandiro modes, nokuchinja nematunhu vanotsanangurwa munyaya) chinokwezva zvakawanda maerekitironi nenzira iri oxide rukoko vakakomba gedhi, saka kuwedzera fuma (richizonzi) iri gwara ukobvu, vachibvumira vakasununguka kubuda ano.

Features Wana muoti

Kuwedzera zvakanaka gedhi voltage achaita chidzoke kurwisa iri gwara. harizovi ratidza transistor tester, zvinogona chete iratidzwe kuvimbika kuchinja. Kuderedza zvimwe kukura, zvakakodzera kuwedzera zvaimutambisira ano. Nemamwe mashoko, kuti dzikurukure muoti N-mugero MOSFET:

1. A akanaka chiratidzo transistor rinoshandurwa mugomba anoitisa muoti.
2. No chiratidzo kana ayo akaipa ukoshi rinoshandurwa mugomba nonconductive muoti transistor. Saka, muna kwadzinoita amplification MOSFET kwakafanana "kazhinji akazaruka" chinja.

The kurukura kutaura chinoshanda nokuti modes kuvandudza S.-gwara mos transistors. At razero voltage mudziyo mu "Off" uye chiteshi yakazaruka. Kushandisa kunaka voltage ukoshi kusvika pasuwo S.-mhando MOSFET kunowedzera mugero conductivity, kushandura nzira dzaro "On". Unogona kuongorora vachishandisa tester (digitaalinen kana dhayira). Ipapo hurumende vawane S.-mugero MOSFET:

1. Positive mureza inoshandura transistor "kubvisa."
2. Negative rinosanganisira transistor mu "On" nzira.

pfuma muoti N-mugero MOSFET

Muna amplification muoti MOSFETs vane yakaderera chiyamuro impedance mu achitungamirira muoti uye nonconducting zvikuru dzakakwirira. Uyewo, pane anoramba yakakwirira chiyamuro impedance nokuda gedhi ravo insulated. Mode inoponesa transistors anoshandiswa Integrated nematunhu kugamuchira CMOS pfungwa masuo uye nokuchinja simba nematunhu muchimiro sezvo PMOS (P-inoshandiswa) uye NMOS (N-gwara) chiyamuro. CMOS - mos ndiye nopindirana mupfungwa kuti inonzwisisika mudziyo ane PMOS, uye NMOS mu nepurani yayo.

MOSFET gudzazwi

Sezvakangoita munda, MOSFET transistors zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira kirasi gudzazwi "A". Gudzazwi redunhu N-mugero mos transistor zvakafanana bhuku pfuma hurumende ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa. MOSFET amplifiers kuparadzwa muoti chaizvo zvakafanana matunhu vachishandisa munda namano, kunze kuti MOSFET (ndiko, uye chii mhando vari, kunokurukurwa pamusoro) ane yakakwirira chiyamuro impedance.

impedance ichi inotongwa chiyamuro resistive biasing Network inoumbwa resistors R1 uye R2. Uyezve, goho mureza vanhuwo kunobva gudzazwi transistors MOSFET ari amplification muoti iri inverted nekuti, kana mazano voltage yakaderera, ipapo transistor ndima rakashama. Izvi zvinogona achasimbiswa, une zvombo chete tester (digitaalinen kana dhayira). At refu mazano voltage ari transistor muna ON rudzi, kuti goho voltage yakaderera chaizvo.