Metagalaxy - nayo ... Definition uye mamiriro metagalaxy

Nenyeredzi anoparadzirwa mhiri expanses wezvose zvakasikwa gogonera. Mubatanidzwa mukati masumbu, makatumidzwa enyeredzi. Zvisinei, zviri kukanganisa kufunga kuti zvinoonekwa enyeredzi pedyo - a nyeredzi zvemichindwe. mwenje avo kuti munhu anoona chimwe nzvimbo dzedenga Chokwadi, unogona kuparadzaniswa kubva mumwe ari kure zvikuru.

Definition of pezvose zvakasikwa

Maererano muchadenga duramazwi, metagalaxy - zviri chikamu zvose zvakasikwa, izvo zvinogona kuitwa uye kuongororwa tichibatsirwa nzira ano musayenzi uye zviridzwa. Zviri pamusoro bhiriyoni kwezuva gadziriro. Pane imwe tsananguro. Somuenzaniso, muna Great Soviet Encyclopedia inoti metagalaxy - dzakaunganidzwa anodzorwa, inosanganisira zvizhinji emapoka (anenge 1 bhiriyoni), izvo zvinogona kuonekawo Achishandisa materesikopu. The zvakawanda simba inova zvemazuva ano, zvikuru akawedzera miganhu ruzivo kwevanhu pamusoro zvisingazivikanwi zvakasikwa. Nyaya wezvose zvakasikwa nyaya inoita up metagalaxy rose. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuona zvinotevera tsananguro: zvakasikwa uye metagalaxy - zvakafanana.

Pfungwa ye "metagalaxy" uye "muchadenga chinooneka"

Kuti muwane rumwe ruzivo pamusoro Chinyiko metagalaxy, kutsanangura imwe rokuti - "muchadenga chinooneka". Vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi vanodana mutsara uyu kuti chikamu zvakasikwa, imwe anogona kuchengeta kubva Earth. Panguva iyoyowo, masayendisiti anogona kuchengeta uye dzinotibatsira dzakasiyanasiyana nhengo dzayo - haasi chete nyeredzi nemapuraneti, asiwo mafungu uye zviratidzo - zvose zvinofamba musha wedu muchadenga. Muchadenga chinooneka inongobata chikamu chikuru pezvakasikwa. Ane kumuganhu waro - the cosmological jengachenga. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti uwandu nyeredzi masumbu ari muchadenga chinooneka kwazvo mabhiriyoni 170.

Sezvo pfungwa muchadenga chinooneka kunosanganisira zvakawanda hombe dzinoverengeka zvinhu pane zvinobvira kuona vanhuwo murume, izvozvo vakasuma pfungwa metagalaxy. Stars uye mapoka enyeredzi, akacherechedza tichibatsirwa Ruzivo rwemazuva ano, tiri chikamu muchadenga chinooneka. Kana, zvisinei, kutaura zvinhu zviri kure nomuganhu, izvi zvinhu vanonzi Metagalactic. vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi Vakawanda vanodavira kuti mashoko chaiwo wezvinhu kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura avo kuti inogona kuchengetwa.

Asi zvose zvinooneka havagoni muonekwe nyanzvi zvakazara, nokuti ishoma kune imwe nemwaranzi. Nokuda kunodokuva kusingabviri kuchengeta zviri mhiri jengachenga. nemwaranzi ichi - chinhu chinonyanya kure uko "akariita" asitironomi ano.

renyeredzi namasumbu

Mapoka enyeredzi dzikarongwa mu masumbu marudzi saizvozvo sezvinoita nyeredzi. Kune mhando mbiri renyeredzi masumbu - globular uye vakapararira. All nyeredzi kuti kunogona kuonekwawo pamwe akashama ziso kana nokushandisa materesikopu (kwete kupfuura simba vavo), chimiro chimwe maitiro - the renyeredzi. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti kune anenge mabhiriyoni 100 zvinoriumba.

Kuwanikwa emapoka matsva

Miganhu hweGwara Way, vanoongorora nyeredzi vakaona vazhinji dzimwe nyeredzi enyika. ivo akafanana vedu ayo mamiriro. Saizvozvowo, vari hunoumbwa mabhiriyoni enyeredzi, zvimwe izvo akafanana zuva. Metagalaxy mamiriro rave nezvenyaya tsvakurudzo pakupera kwezana XIX uye XX emakore. Zvadaro, imwe nyanzvi vakagutsikana kuti nebulae chaizvoizvo nyeredzi mugadziriro, izvo vanobviswa kubva hweGwara Way nemabhiriyoni chiedza makore.

Gwara rinonzi Andromeda - muenzaniso yakazvimirira nyeredzi hurongwa

Mukutanga XX remakore, Edwin Hubble yave vakaratidza kuti nebulae idzi chaizvoizvo kuparadzana, kazhinji kubva muhombe kukura, nyeredzi hurongwa. Muenzaniso wakadaro yoga renyeredzi riri nesumbu nyeredzi Andromeda. Watch zvingava zviri pachena, asi moonless usiku. Zviri zvinoonekwa sezvo rakajeka dzengereka shomanana ukuru womudenga disk. Munzira dzakawanda, kuti renyeredzi kwakafanana hweGwara Way. Hazvina zvinoonekwa kuti mucherechedzi duku vachida pachinhu pakona maonero. Chakajeka chikamu yakavakwa norudzi zononoka, uye iye aiva zvinopfuura redu renyeredzi. Andromeda Nebula inobva kwatiri chinhambwe chiedza-makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 1.

Dzidziso rakawedzera zvakasikwa

dzidziso iyi ndiyo imwe sainzi mukurusa. mamwe mazita ayo - "dzidziso rakawedzera metagalaxy", kana kungoti The Big Bang dzidziso. nzvimbo Its inokosha ndeyokuti zvakasikwa akaberekwa makore anenge mabhiriyoni 20 akapfuura. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nokuputika hofori clot guru arambe achirema kwenyaya. sei dzidziso iyi? Kamwe pamberi zvakanga akakurumbira anonzi isotropic muenzaniso Universe. Munyori wavo aiva Albert Einstein.

Izvi izwi rinorevei? Mumwe renyeredzi (uye metagalaxy) inogona rakakamurwa zvokutanga munharaunda dzakawanda. Zvakafanana zvinogona kuitwa pamwe zvose zvakasikwa. Isotropy zvinoreva kuti metagalaxy ehupfumi vakafanana pazvinhu zvose munzvimbo. Maererano muenzaniso dzataurwa nokuda Einstein, metagalaxy - munhu mira wemuTesitamende iyo hakuna kuchinja. Mune ramangwana, dzidziso iyi yave akapikisa nemasayendisiti Russian AA Fridman. Iye zvinganaka muenzaniso richikura muchadenga.

Quasars - chakajeka zvinhu zviri Universe

chipo chinokosha kuti adzidze siyana midziyo metagalaxy anopa kudzidza quasars - kujairika uye zvinonakidza dzakanaka idzodzo. Quasars vari dzakawedzerwa nemashoko vasingazivikanwi mumakomba dema, ayo inopenya Kupenya ivo richakudzikatira pedyo renyeredzi. Quasar vane zvakawanda, mabhiriyoni nguva inopfuura zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri guru.

Apo masayendisiti kutanga akamuka mashoko pamusoro quasars, havana kugona kutenda kuvapo kwavo. Healthy kusava nechokwadi chido wakavatungamirira kuwana masayendisiti tsanangudzo izvi zvinhu. Zvisinei, tevera nyeredzi netsvakurudzo kuti masayendisiti chaizvoizvo ndivo wakajeka kupfuura fomu metagalaxy. Supermassive makomba dema vari yakanakisisa zvinopa zvokudya nokuda quasars. Black mumwena uyu mhando - are nharaunda muchadenga apo simba rinokweva rwakasimba chaizvo zvokuti kunyange chezuva haakwanisi kutyora dzavo kumiganhu. Supermassive makomba matema uyewo chakavanzika kuna vanoongorora nyeredzi. saizi yavo inogona kusvika ukuru renzou. Sei vari kuumbwa, mumwe masayendisiti haagoni asi kunzwisisa.