Mazambiringa chishambwe - kuzvidzora nzira. PamuShuramiti akanzwa kuibva, ratidza

Grapes, somumwe Horticultural zvirimwa, kukanganiswa tupukanana uye zvipembenene zvipukanana. Saka, muna anamasumbu, nhungirwa uye mapenga chirimwa chinogona kuwanikwa inda dzemuriwo, zvipembenene, inda, uye kusvika 60 akasiyana-siyana pamusoro mites. Asi kazhinji munzvimbo Suburban munzvimbo uye mapindu umo muzambiringa inokura, zvakafanana mazambiringa pamuShuramiti. Nzira yokubata chisvetasimba iri nyore chaizvo. Pavari tichaita kufukidza munyaya ino.

Meet akanzwa pamuShuramiti kana chishambwe

Mazambiringa pamuShuramiti - kunokuvadza zvipembenene chisvetasimba kuti anogara mazambiringa kwose kwose kukura. Inowanikwa Africa, North America, uye Central uye Southern Europe. Panguva kuhwanda akavanda kunyanya cortex (kana paine mitswi) mu itsvo flakes uye mashizha akawa. Mune zvachose, mumwe hosha itsvo kwakadaro kugara kuna 1000 Zvikwekwe (kunyanya vechikadzi).

Sezvo kuzvimba nokutumbuka mazambiringa chishambwe vakatamira mashizha otanga kudya chirimwa muto. Nepo kudya Tupukanana zvabudiswa nemate, chine fuma kuti anokurudzira kukura uye weboka masero. Somugumisiro, izvozvo makemikari zvakananga nevanhu ramazambiringa mashizha kukonzera foliar maumbirwo deformation. kutyora kwakadaro yechivako chacho unoratidzwa nenzira huru uye duku sefuro-blistering denderedzwa ikaonekwa rokunze kurutivi mashizha.

On yomukati kurutivi mashizha, njodzi pamuShuramiti rinowanika vachena unhani chakatodzana fluffy vakanzwa mhando. Pakutanga bemhapemha akadaro ane tsvukuruka kana chichena dziberekane. Gare gare, vanova tsvuku uye dzimwe nguva mashava.

Sei tick mazambiringa?

Well funga zudnya kupfeka ziso zvisingaiti, sezvo pamuShuramiti akanzwa mazambiringa iduku kwazvo. Chete pashure akadzokorora kuwedzera kunogona kuonekwa kuti muviri gupa sechiedza kana yellowish dukutu nehonye. vanhukadzi kureba anoenderana 0.16-0.20 neMM, uye munhurume - 0,14 mm. Zvipembenene dumbu ane zvakawanda bristles diki pamberi uye neshure zvindori pamwe spines uye muviri pakati.

The hadzi pamuShuramiti anokwanisa kubereka kusvika zvizvarwa 7-12 pakati tupukanana mukufamba kwegore. Mazai pamuShuramiti vane läpinäkyvä yakarongeka, imwe denderedzwa chimiro, uye kukura kwavo 0.038 X 0.058 mm. Kuwana mazai ane Tupukanana, kufanana naye, unogona inflated kubudikidza itsvo uye unhani chena pamusoro neizvi rutivi kutapukirwa mashizha.

gupa sei ngozi kunokohwa mazambiringa?

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mazambiringa anoenda chishambwe anokwanisa kuita kuti wechiduku ovary, nhungirwa uye maruva ramazambiringa. Somugumisiro, dzakachinja dzimwe muzambiringa. Kana nguva asingadi kubata vawirwa nenjodzi ramazambiringa, hazvina hwakazara rufu rwake uye zvinoderedza kunopindirana goho.

Mukuwedzera, gupa ino mhando anokwanisa tama ngozi nemavhairasi mazambiringa, kwakakanganisa kukanganisa ichiibvira michero, mamiriro mudzi, mashizha, icho pakupedzisira zvingaita kuti rufu muzambiringa.

How kurova sei mazambiringa mashizha?

Kuti aone kana gupa mazambiringa shizha miti renyu mumunda akarova, unofanira kuteerera mashizha. Saka zvinokosha kuti kutarisa neizvi kurutivi mashizha, sezvo nechemberi kwechikuva rokutanga chirwere haana kuona deformation muchimiro lumpy hillocks. Zvisinei, mumwe anogona kuona yechipiri gupa hwaro - ne kuvapo chena Terry Dombo iri underside ari jira.

Chii chiri: tick kana nokuvhuvha?

Initial zviratidzo pamuShuramiti infestation mu mazambiringa kazhinji nezvatakarerekera zviratidzo zvimwe tupukanana. Somuenzaniso, kazhinji pamuShuramiti anogona kuvhiringidzwa nokuvhuva. Rangarirai, ichi ndicho zvakarurama kusingafadzi uye ngozi chirimwa fungal chirwere. Maererano rokutanga mashoko, zvakanzi netsaona vaitenga kuFrance kubva America pamavambo 1878. Kubva ipapo zvishoma nezvishoma kupararira yemizambiringa Europe yose.

Kana iwe ngwariro nokuvhuvha utachiona mazambiringa, zvirwere shizha chirongwa chakadai yarova okumusoro chikamu pavo. On pemvura mashizha Saka kuonekwa mamirire yellowish gwapa ukuru nekobiri kana kupfuura. On the neizvi divi pane pachena zvinoonekwa mashizha chena Zvinhu Zvisina Basa - munhu mycelium. Imhaka ake mano Chikwata uye akaisa "chirwere chakaipa". Sei isu kusarudza - tick deposition ichi kana chakuvhuvhu?

Kusarudza parasitic migumisiro mhando pamusoro chirimwa zvinogoneka pachishandiswa nyore zviito. Saka, kana yaunopedza minwe yako pamusoro aumba pasi yepazasi pemvura mashizha chena nhunzi, uye zvichava kudzimwa, ipapo iwe vangangove kubata nokuora. Kana, zvisinei, kuti pasi hauna vakadzima zviito zvakadaro, ndiyo mazambiringa pamuShuramiti. Nzira yokubata chisvetasimba ichi, tichakurukura zvimwe.

How kusiyanisa mazambiringa pamuShuramiti pamusoro shizha phylloxera?

Mazambiringa gupa - chisvetasimba, idzo inogona nyore kuvhiringidzwa phylloxera, inda dzemuriwo kana jira. Kare, akaendeswa kuna America, uye kutanga aonekwa yemizambiringa European. Pari aphid zvokusarudza rinoreva warwo chikafu uye anoda kugara pamusoro Mashizha vainyanya Asian uye European akasiyana mazambiringa. Saka, shizha phylloxera akarova vatanhi mhando akadai White-blue, Altai chena, Dhamasiko akasimuka, Dubinushka nevamwe. Uyewo, inda dzemuriwo kuonekwe pane mamwe marudzi American mazambiringa. Chii kuita aphid uye pamuShuramiti?

Kuwedzera pakuva chinhu kurwiswa zvose mazambiringa ari chisvetasimba, chirwere mhando ichi mashizha vane zvimwe zvakafanana. Somuenzaniso, muna kukurirwa uye mites, uye inda dzemuriwo pamusoro mazambiringa mashizha unogona kuona akaremara zvikamu, yakafanana Maronda akasiyana kana matema. kuzvimba ava inonzi galls. Uye ari izvi mazana vakudziridze Phylloxera. In Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, Maronda akasiyana vari akaumba kwete chete pamusoro mashizha, asi pamusoro madzinde, cheka, uyewo tunonzwa.

Kusiyana inda dzemuriwo tick siyana kwazvo uye isingawanzowanikwi distention. In phylloxera ivo kakawanda uye yakakura, akafanana Maronda akasiyana kana nemburwa. Kana kutsvakwa, vanogona kuva simba kupwanya neminwe yenyu.

Vatanhi pamuShuramiti: kuzvidzora nzira

Kuti kubvisa Chikwekwe chacho, unofanira kubata nawo nenguva nenzira. Zvisinei, kana kunzwisisa kwakaita zvipembenene baiting ndechokuti rinopedza pamusoro neizvi kurutivi jira kwete ayo nechepamusoro. Naizvozvo, achishandisa anokosha makemikari, zvakakodzera mwaya une mashizha ari seri. Chikwata ruzivo vanokurudzira kushandiswa nokuda ichi chinangwa colloidal nesarufa.

Izvi zvinoda anenge 10-50 magiramu rwesarufa. Unogonawo kushandisa mishonga idzi ngura pamuShuramiti, se "Fufanon", "Neoron", "Malathion", "Tiovit-Jet", "Fyori", "Talstar", "Kinmiks", "Omayt", "Vertimek", "aktellik "uye vamwe.

Uyezve, itsvo havasati pachena zvakakodzera kuti mwaya kuti rakasanganiswa mhinduro mumvura, "nitrofen" Zvidavirire pamusoro 200 g kwemakemikari chete mugomo wemvura. Zvinonzi zvakare varumbidzwa kugadzirisa kutumbuka wotungira. Izvi zvakanakisisa panguva vanokakata neitsvo. Panguva ino, vanosvika kureba vanenge 4-6 cm. Bata pavo akataura sarufa mhinduro. Zvinonzi vagocherwa 100 g mashoko ari mugomo wemvura.

nguva yakawanda sei zvakafanira dzinoona mazambiringa?

Processing mazambiringa kubva tupukanana uye nezvirwere chinozoiswa zvichienderana mwero chirwere zvinomera, uyewo kuti akasiyana siyana zvirwere uye zvipukanana pachavo. Somuenzaniso, kuti aponese mazambiringa kubva pamuShuramiti kunotevera tikashandisa kaviri kurapwa ane muenzaniso penguva mazuva 10-12.

Uye nokuti migumisiro yakanakisisa, zvinokosha kaviri pazuva kubata vatanhi Mashizha kumativi ose. Varumbidzwa spraying nguva - 10:00 (pakutanga) uye 22:00 (wechipiri).

Matanho kurwisa mites mubindu

Processing ramazambiringa kubva tupukanana uye zvirwere - ichi zvechokwadi chinhu chinokosha muupenyu ndichipfeka kubvisa ngura pamuShuramiti. Zvisinei, chinokosha kupfuura nenguva kudzivirira chirwere pedyo chisvetasimba. Uyezve, zviri nyore chaizvo. Chekutanga, zvinokosha kuongorora kuparadzwa matsutso mashizha uye manyoro uye scraps kuti mazambiringa yemizambiringa. Chechipiri, somunhu matanho anokurudzirwa inopisa nguva yezhizha processing mazambiringa kugadzirira akadai "Bi-58", "Neoron" kana "Akarin".

Ndezvipi tupukanana vane ngozi mazambiringa?

Kuwedzera chisvetasimba ichi, kufanana mazambiringa pamuShuramiti (nzira yokubata nayo, tine pamusoro apa), inogona akasangana nemamwe tupukanana mubindu. Chimwe chezvinhu sembura uye kusingafadzi Tupukanana ari shizha beetles, nhata kana mazambiringa. Hazvina ngozi nokuti, mukuwedzera kune mazambiringa, hakusi averse kuti purofiti, uye zvimwe zvirimwa.

Nemaziso, zvinoita sokunge munhu vakasiyana bete dema ruvara uye ane muviri kureba asina kupfuura 3-4,4 mm. Oviparous. Female mazai uye enhunzi awane pavo 10-30 zvidimbu pamusoro romukati divi jira.

Pakurwisa mashizha zvipembenene, uyewo hondo pamwe mazambiringa mites chokuita chirimwa itsvo kurapwa chaizvo insecticidal mhinduro. Somuenzaniso, kwaizvozvi vanoshandisa "Fufanon" uye "chimvari."

The chinoronga chisvetasimba wechipiri chakafanana shavishavi - mazambiringa shizha-mugodhi chitemamachira. It anokwanisa kubudisa maviri kana matatu zvizvarwa por mwaka. Rinodya zvikurukuru pamusoro mashizha, izvo, kufanana nemamwe tupukanana mazai. Eggs Papera zvinokambaira makonye diki kuti zvinokambaira kunhivi mukomberedzo pamusoro jira uye muitiro kuita sangano racho elongated ndima, akadana wangu. Kuti vanyatsopedza sechifusi, sezvinoita mutemo, shandisa systemic zvipembenene. Somuenzaniso, zvinogona "konfidor".

Chimwe anozivikanwa tupukanana - mazambiringa mosquito. saizi yayo - 2 chete mm. Roga, umhutu haikuvadzi. Kukuvadza zvikuru ayo mazana. The mukuru Tupukanana anokwanisa kunonoka nguva kusvikira mazai 100. Mushure anenge 9-10 mazuva mazana vape- pavo, izvo kutanga nokukara kudya Mashizha mazambiringa. In zvoupenyu mazana kuumbwa borodavkoobraznye kuzvimba. Bvisai midge ari kushandisa zvipembenene.

Uyezve, mashizha, madzinde nemidzi mazambiringa zvinogona akasangana nemamwe tupembenene zvakadai weevils, borer, shizha mites, tate, mealybugs, uye cicadas.