Malachite ibwe - chii?

Munyaya ino isu funga malachite. Chii chinonzi munyoro chiwanikwa? Izvi chicherwa inokosha mhangura carbonate. Anoumba vakawanda natochnoy kuumba pamwe fibrous-TOUR nemamiriro zvakasvibirira. Pakuvamba raishandiswa kuti dzokubudisa yemhangura, uye nhasi nokuti anosika ounyanzvi. The deposits pakukura dziri mu Africa ano.

Properties uye sezvamunoita

The akakurumbira malachite (ibwe)? A tsanangudzo zvivako aripo zvizere. Malachite ine 8.2% N₂O (mvura), 71,9% CuO (mhangura oxide (cu 57%)), 19,9% CO₂ (carbon dioxide inobvisa). Mumazuva akare rainzi girini mhangura carbonate (zvisingachashandi namakemikari zita).

Zvinozivikanwa kuti sekristaro kwava monoclinic neukukutu 3.5-4.0 uye arambe achirema - 3.7-4.1 g / cm³. Zvinonzi kupendwa mu rinoreva siyana zvakasvibirira. Ichazivikanwa uchenjeri haazi Uyezve: silky uchaputsanya yakaisvonaka faibha aggregates ose crystals mugirazi.

Crystal tsika ndiro, tsono, prismatic. The Druze havatani kukamurwa nokuumbwa spherocrystals, sferoidolitovyh dendrites, spherulites faibha yakanaka. Kana vamutswa moyo mune chinu zvinova vatema uye emit carbon dioxide inobvisa uye mvura: (CUOH) ₂CO₃ → 2CuO + Co₂ + H₂O.

Chiizve kuzivikanwa malachite? Chii ake "asina"? Ukaona kubva anotevera rondedzero: ibwe zvakasvibirira urwa mu acids, muchisunungura, carbon dioxide uye amoniya, makara mutema.

Kunyange kare vanhu vaigona usununguke malachite mhangura. Saka, mumamiriro ezvinhu ose haasaruri combustion kuti marasha monoxide rinowanika uye inotevera zvakaitwa kunoitika: (CuOH) ₂CO₃ + CO → 3CO₂ + 2Cu + HO₂.

chimiro Kurwara

Vanhu vakawanda vanobvunza kuti, "Malachite - chii?". Tichaedza kupindura mubvunzo uyu zvakazara. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvakasikwa, malachite inomira kunze zvikuru dzakasiyana siyana. Zvakanaka-akaumba crystals nguva dzose kudzika uye zvisinganyanyi kuitika, vane ndiro, columnar, tsono maonero akasiyana katsika kukamurwa nokuumbwa balls, matanda, kufanana-kutsemura nzira yokubudisa spherocrystals, spherulites vavo zvokushamisira okunatsiridza - grozdevidnyh sferoidolitovyh dendrites uye sferoidolitov.

Kupfuura mamirire uye aizivikanwa zviri wakaisvonaka faibha spherulitic zonal-concentric itsvo-zvakaumbwa aggregates, rangana unopenya bande pamusoro yevedza chinoshamisira muenzaniso. Vanokura kubva zvakanyatsoenzana, wakanyanya jaded zvingaitwa. Dzimwe nguva kuwana malachite, iyo yakaumbwa somunhu psevdostalaktitov, gouges, mitaro, zvinonyadzisa-grained uye columnar ezvirevo.

chidzoke

Typical chicherwa inoumbwa supergene pezvakaitwa, muri pamusoro munyika dzine hydrothermal oxidation uye polymetallic mhangura mhangura deposits. Ari kugara pamwe siyana ores mhangura, nekuratidzwa nokuda weathering kwavo apo kazhinji nokuumba pseudomorphs chalcopyrite, cuprite, zvicherwa kubva chinzvimbo fahlores uye zvichingodaro. Typical malachite pseudomorphs pashure azurite. Near ibwe zvakasvibirira ndedzinotevera zvicherwa: chalcocite, goethite, azurite, chalcopyrite, limonite, psevdomalahit (vepamusoro), bornite, brochantite, cuprite, tetrahedrite, chizvarwa mhangura.

Sezvineiwo, Antiques dzendarira kuwanikwa nevanochera akafuka mutema chiwanikwa iri nyore dzidzo anokudzwa.

ura

Kupi Ndinogona kuwana malachite (chii chiwanikwa ichi, tiri kufunga)? Munguva Urals. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo inozivikanwa ayo deposits ose malachite. Green dombo rinokosha inowanikwawo Kazakhstan (Zhezkazgan) uye Altai. Its namasumbu makuru zvakaoma kuwana. Zvinonzi kuti Russian pevhu okuchengetera iri rinenge aneta. Industrial deposits ose malachite - Gumeshevskoe Polevskoy uye Mednorudyanskoe muna Nizhny Tagil - zvino zvizere aishanda panze uye yakavharwa.

Malachite kupfuura bundu uremu vanenge 500 makirogiramu inochengetwa Institute of Mines. Panzira, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti Urals, unogona kuzarura mutsva chekuchengeta pevhu. Zvinosuruvarisa nehwemweya amabwe ichi chinoshamisa vakawana chete Korovinskoe-Reshetnikovskom munda nako kuronga kudzorera Ural malachite nyaya.

Huru deposits Russian

MuRussia, pane zvinotevera deposits zvikuru malachite:

• Mountain High (deposits yakawanikwa 1722);
• Mednorudnyanskoe dhipoziti riri pedyo Nizhny Tagil (yakavhurwa 1722);
• Gumeshevsky rangu - vakasiya muura ores mhangura iri Urals (yakavhurwa 1702);
• Korovinskoe-Reshetnikovskie deposits (yakavhurwa 1908).

Malachite muWestern Europe inowanikwa Chessy (pedyo Lyon), muna Retstsebani, Cornwall, muMakomo Harz, uye zvichingodaro.

The chikuru tsime zvicherwa munyoro chanaka zvishongo basa riri kuonekwa Democratic Republic of Congo. A dzakananga chepfungwa African malachite yakakura concentric zvindori kuruoko musiyano gradations chiedza uye rima zvikamu.

kushandiswa

Saka, tinofanira kuramba kuongorora malachite. Zvinorevei kushandisa chiwanikwa ichi kuti zvishongo ano? ibwe iri zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa nyaya malachite. Gobvu disparity zvikuru ruvara pamwe mapatani akanaka vanokosheswa uye akashandisa kusika vases, inlays (mabhokisi lining, uriri), cabochons nokuda kwebasa iri diki zvishongo rwokugadzira uye zvichingodaro.

Mbiru St. vaIsaka Cathedral muSt Petersburg akafukidzwa matete akagadzirwa zvakasvibirira chiwanikwa. Antique malachite vhasi iri yakashongedzwa anoyevedza saizi mukamuri of Mineralogical Museum. Fersman. Kubvira kumuduku muvhuruvhuru kugadzirwa pendi uye chicherwa ruvara. Asi chicherwa ichi kushandiswa metallurgists. Kubvira panguva muIjipiti yekare, ivo takagadzirira kubva mhangura mhangura malachite.

achiporesa unhu

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu akakurumbira malachite? Zvinorevei kuti ibwe vanhu? Nevaroyi vanoti ndiye rakanakisisa mushonga zvirwere ganda. Malachite rundarira nokurinatsa kubva sema rashes uye tsvuku makwapa. Beads amabwe zvakasvibirira, maererano N'anga, yekudyidzana kuvandudza bvudzi kukura. Litoterapists vanoti chiwanikwa ichi anobatsira asima kurwiswa, kuvandudza chiratidzo, kurapa zvirwere ziso. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti malachite ndiro anogona kurapa rheumatism hwevanhu (vari kupfeka hosha mavara). chicherwa ichi zvakare chinobata mwoyo Chakra uye headlamp.

Witching mhando

Vanhu vazhinji vakaita malachite (ibwe). Zvemashiripiti ehupfumi, mapikicha - izvi zvose vanodzidza nomufaro mukuru. Kare zvaifungwa kuti ibwe iri nemunhu ane simba wezvose redu. Vanhu vakataura sokunge mutema chiwanikwa ungatsauka munhu kupinda Kusaoneka, uye kunzwisisa mutauro remhuka, unofanira kunwa mukombe malachite. MuRussia, raiti chicherwa ichi zvokushandisa zvido. Nyanzvi dzinoti kuti malachite chinhu mashiripiti ibwe simba kwazvo, uye kana vasingakupi kuita, kunogona kuva nengozi zvikuru, kunyanya vakadzi.

Avo vanoda malachite (ibwe), sei kupfeka nayo, vanofarira. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chiwanikwa ichi muridzi wayo anokwevera pfungwa wechirume rwakasimba chaizvo zvokuti ngozi kuva kuda chisimba. Naizvozvo, tenzi akarayira kutwasanudza mune sirivha, iyo neutralizes vanhu.

Malachite - May ibwe. It mukuru mugumisiro ichi mwedzi. Vanoti kana muna May akapfeka malachite sedumwa, unogona kubvisa kuora mwoyo, kushaya hope, groundless kutya. Dark girini chicherwa runogonesa uye anochengeta masimba tenzi wake womudzimu, zvinoenderana zvakatipoteredza pamwe nenyika yake yomukati. Vazivi venyeredzi vanoti malachite anofanira inopfekwa vanhu vakaberekerwa pasi chiratidzo Libra. Anovapa runako, zvinoita anokwezva, anopa achitsetsenura. Zvimwe zviratidzo nyeredzi anogona kutakura zvinhu pamwe ibwe iri. mhandara chete uye nekenza zviri kukwanisa kukuvadza.

Somunhu Mascot ibwe munyoro inofanira kushandiswa vanoda kuwedzera runako rwavo uye kuteterera. Writers, vanodhirowa mifananidzo, vaimbi anobatsira malachite, rimmed nemhangura. Artists kupfuura vanoda chiwanikwa ichi, asi kuti apore yacho nesimbi chena: Platinum, aruminiyamu, sirivha.

mhando

Wakamboona malachite? Kamen Chii ruvara anogadzirwa Urals? In nharaunda iri mhando mbiri dzinokosha - Dete malachite uye tekoizi. Origin siyana zvinoshamisa vherevheti Gloss mupfumi rima mavara uye zvichiratidza marongerwo. Izvi mhando anopindura havaratidzi kurapwa, saka, hauna kunyanya kukurumbira.

Tekoizi, malachite ndiye ibwe chinokosha uye zvakafanana. It kunoratidzwa muna kuti rinoparadza vanosarudzirwa newokuti ayo anopa concentric unaku. Color palette - samaragidhino zvitema neemaradhi namabwe. Turquoise maonero rakakamurwa bhandi uye melkouzorchaty subspecies.

Products dzakagadzirwa malachite zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva ukapisa murwi uye kungoerekana tembiricha kuchinja. Kukanganisa zvicherwa abrasives uye acids. Kushongedza kwakadaro kunogona chete kucheneswa mu soapy mvura inotonhora. Ultrasonic uye hwemvura kurapwa anofanira kubviswa chose.

tsika

MuRussia, kare zvakurukurwa malachite ibwe chido kuzadzika. Ndiye sedumwa rine simba rudo, anodzivirira vanhu vanokoshesa uchenjeri. Munguva Urals, pane tsika kuti malachite zvinokosha kupa ingenuous, wakashama, vanhu vane mutsa, asingafari. Pavanondirwisa vaikodzera zvinounza rombo rakanaka. Chiwanikwa anobvisa kwavari zvakaipa kukuvara ziso uye anodzivirira panjodzi, anopa kunhuhwirira hope, disperses uduku kutya. Uye munguva dzekare vaitenda kuti malachite kunodzivirira korera tenzi wake. KuMiddle Ages, ibwe iri rinozivikanwa sedumwa kuti pave yakachengeteka nepamuviri uye pakusununguka. Women kuda kusununguka raipfekwa pamutsipa malachite kuturika akaita muchimiro pamuchinjikwa kana mwoyo.

MuIjipiti, chiwanikwa ichi yaishandiswa autocrats sezvo ibwe rinokosha simba. KuMiddle Ages, masayendisiti vakati kuti kushandisa malachite anogona kusika chinhu mushonga woupenyu, aidavira kuti anoramba munhu kudonha kubva kumusoro. Rakanga zvakohwewa kuva upfu, iro rinoshandiswa zvizoro uye mishonga ziso.

chiwanikwa ichi rishandise simba, saka pashure kurishandisa zvinofanira kucheneswa, zvikasadaro nayo kuchapera uye vanorasikirwa simba ravo. Kuti aite izvi, unogona kuisa chicherwa kwemaawa matatu shamwari dzako kana kushandisa mvura uye zuva nzira. Munyu haigoni kushandiswa, sezvo ibwe kwazvo nyoro, unogona kuramba pamusoro anokwenya.

Mifananidzo malachite matombo vanoratidza hunhu hwavo uye chinangwa. Rinoronga Similar kuti kunanga kureva basa neziso rechitatu. zvicherwa izvi zvinogona kuvhurwa chakras kuwedzera simba nekubudisa.

Tinovimba kuti ikozvino uchakwanisa kushandisa malachite iri chinangwa.