Magirasi egorosi - kune avo vanokoshesa unhu

Magirasi egorosi ndiyo nguva yakaedzwa, yakavimbika uye inofadza yekugadzirira yekugadzira zvirimwa zvemichero zvakanaka mamiriro ekukura nekukura. Mutengo wekugadzirwa uye kuiswa kwayo kunobva pane zvishandiswa zvinoshandiswa, ukuru uye kana muridzi wepaiti angazotenga greenhouse kana kuzviita iye oga.

Historical data pa greenhouses

Nhoroondo yekukura miriwo inoshandisa nzira dzekuita zvekurima inodzokera kumashure. Vakuru vekare vechechi yeRoma vakatakura kudyara muzuva masikati uye vakachenesa usiku mumakamuri akadziya, vakavaka marimi emagetsi, vachifukidza mabhedha nemvura yakasara, mukati mazvo kupisa kwakachengetwa.

Nokufamba kwenguva, avo vaRoma vekare vakauya nebasa rekudzivirira kudyara nemadziro akafukidzwa nemapande mica michena anowedzera muzuva. Izvo zvivako uye zvinogona kuonekwa sechiratidziro chemahombekwi emazuva ano.

Matumba okutanga egirazi akaonekwa muEurope pakati pezana remakore rechi16. Vakanga vachinyanya kushandiswa pakuzadza maruva nemiti inoshamisa. Girazi yaive inodhura zvikuru, saka vanhuwo zvavo vakanga vasingagoni kuwana mari yakadaro yekugadzira miriwo.

Kuumbwa kwegadziriro yekusika girasi pepaji muzana remakore rechi17 muGermany kwakatungamirira pakuvandudzwa kwekuvakwa kwemahotera. Kunyange zvakadaro, ropafadzo yekuva nekugadzirwa kwemiti kubva pagirazi yakanga ine vagari vanoita zvakanaka. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, apo kuputika kwegirasi yepazimbe kwakatanga uye mutengo waro wakawira zvakanyanya, mukana wekuvaka magirasi egorosi wakaonekwa zvachose.

MuRussia, magirazi egorosi akaonekwa pasi paPetro 1 uye aivewo asina kuwanikwa, sezvo kuvakwa kwavo kwaiva kudhura. Mumakore makumi matatu emakore ekupedzisira ekuvakwa kwemazana ezvivhenekera pamwero wenyika wakatanga. Soviet greenhouse inosanganiswa inopa zvibereko zvitsva kunyika yose.

Kubatsira uye kusagadzikana kwemairasi egorosi

Girazi ine humwe unhu hwakanaka hunosarudza kushandiswa kwayo mukugadzirwa kwezvivako zvekugarisa:

- Kusvinura kwepamusoro kunobvumira chiedza chezuva kuti chipinde mukati megwenzi risina kudzivirira.

- Kukwanisa kupfuura majekiti e-ultraviolet kunopa michero kukwanisa kuwana zvinhu zvakakosha pakukura.

- Kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza uye makemikari inertness yegirazi zvinopa hupenyu hune utano mumagetsi. Haiti kubudisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza kana ichipisa uye hazviiti kune zvinoitwa zvekemikari zvinoshandiswa uye simba rekugara kwechisimba.

- Nzvimbo yegirazi haisi pasi pekukwegura uye kubvisa, saka, kwenguva yakareba inochengetedza maitiro akanaka.

- Chimiro chegirazi hachichinje pasi pesimba rekudzivirira uye yakadzika. Chimiro uye zviyero zvinoramba zvisingashanduki, izvo zvinobvisa kuvakwa kubva pakuchinja.

- Hazvidi kuti zvinetso zvigadziriswe. Kuti uchengetedze girazi rakachena, ingoishamba nemvura uye woiputira nemucheka wakaoma.

- Kurwisana kunonaya uye hazvikotamire pasi pehukuru hwechando.

- The broken element is easy to replace.

Kukanganisa kwegirazi kunosanganisira kurema kukuru, brittleness, high thermal conductivity, mutengo wakakwirira uchienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuvhara magarita. Kunyangwe nezvisingaiti zvakajeka, maturaji (kugadziriswa kwevatengi vanosimbisa izvi) havasi kurasikirwa nekududzirwa kwavo. Mukufunga kweavo vakagara vachifarira girasi yegorosi panzvimbo, nzvimbo inobhadharwa mumakore mashoma, sezvo miriwo ichikura uye inovandudza mavari zviri nani. Zvivako zvakasimba, uye zvinokanganisa zvinogona nyore nyore uye zvinokurumidza kushandiswa pasina kuputsa microclimate mu greenhouse.

Zvikamu zve greenhouse teknolojia

Chero chero upi hwemafuro, pasinei nezvishandiswa zvinoshandiswa, inyaya yakasimba, yakafukidzwa nemashizha ezvinhu zvakajeka. Chimiro chacho chakaitwa neAluminium kana pfuma yemapuranga kana kubva pamatanda. Kune magirasi magirasi, kazhinji aluminium kana huni inoshandiswa kuderedza kuwanda kwehuwandu hwegadziro, sezvo girazi pachayo rakaremera kwazvo.

Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, nheyo yakasimba, yakavimbika inodiwa kuisa girasi. Nezvivigiro, tape monolithic kana kubvisa nheyo dzekrete zvinowanzoshandiswa. Inofanira kuiswa kune yakadzika yehuvhuvhu hwevhu, asi kwete pasi pe 80 cm.

Kazhinji, girasi hothouses inogadzirwa nejari kana kutsetsereka padenga. Pano, sarudzo inogona kugadzira munda. Kune girazi padenga re greenhouse yakashandirwa kwenguva yakareba, nokuti iyo yakagadzirwa inoshandisa girasi yakakura ye 4-6 mm. Anokanganisa anogona kukanganisa, sezvo kusiyana kwekushisa mukati nekunze kunogona kuva kukuru.

Magirasi egorosi ndiyo chisarudzo chakakodzera

Magirazi ehoteri uye nhasi haasi kurasikirwa nekuzivikanwa kwavo, kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvinhu zvakagadziriswa uye zvimwe zvepamusoro uye zvepanyama zvakaonekwa.

Pasinei nokuti nhamba yakawanda yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvivigiro zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvikamu zviri kutengesa, vechokwadi connoisseurs uye connoisseurs vanosarudza zvivimbiso, zvisingagumi uye zvinokwezva zviri kunze kwegirazi mazamu. Mutengo wechirongwa chemafuta ekugadzira girazi unofanirwa nehukuru hwegadziriro, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakare. Paavhareji, inosvika kubva pa20,000 kusvika ku 150,000 rubles. Mari yegorosi rakapwanyika nehupamhi hwe 4 mm - kubva pamakumi makumi mashanu emasere / mami. Pasinei nekudhura kwakakura kwemafuroti, kuongororwa kwezvivakwa zvakagadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kutengeswa zvinowanikwa zvakanaka. Zvakakosha kuteerera kune vatanhi vekutanga.

Vagadziri vezvirimwa vane ruzivo vanowanzosarudza magorosi, mutengo waro wakakwirira zvakakwana, uchiziva kuti hutano uye kuvimbika kwehuvakwa huchapedzisira huripa mari yose.