Magellan kuti rwendo kupote nyika - kumukira pamusoro pfungwa uye maonero

Ferdinand Magellan - akakurumbira Portuguese aidzidzisa aiongorora, akaberekwa mumusha muduku iri kuchamhembe Portugal Sabroza mumhuri imwe varombo knight. Kwechinguva akashanda somurwi ari expeditionary Corps akatumira India. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi16 akadzokera Portugal, apo iye zvinganaka Mambo chirongwa nokusvitsa Spice Islands, izvo zvinokosha munyika inokosha urongwa, gungwa rokumavirira. Zvisinei, Korol Manuel vakaramba yokutanga Magellan kuti rwendo pasi pose, tichifunga izvozvo utopian. Muna 1517 Magellan akatamira Spain, uko zvinganaka yakafanana urongwa. Indian Council, uyo zvaibatanidzwa zvose mhiri zvinoitika, akapa mutema chiedza kuti sangano iri rwendo, uye nokukurumidza Spanish Mambo Charles I akasaina chirevo pamusoro mari yacho Magellan rwendo. The kutsvaka wavana uye vashandi munogona refu gungwa kuyambuka yave kwakatangwa.

Kutanga mugwagwa uye zvinetso vokutanga

Portuguese akapiwa zita viceroy munyika akazarurwa uye kodzero maviri zveminda zvose kwavari. Organizational chikamu akasangana zvinovhiringidza pamusoro chikamu Portuguese yomuchipatara uye Spanish vehondo, vakanga vasingadi kuti omurume mutorwa. Zvisinei, kukunda pasinei nezvose, duku zvikepe shanu: kuti "Victoria", "Trinidad", "Concepción", "San Antonio" uye "Santiago", muna September 1519 kuisa kubva pachiteshi San Lucar mugungwa. Saka ndakatanga rwendo vakapoteredza nyika yose Magellan. Muna November, vakasvika kumhenderekedzo Brazil. Uye akatevera wokumaodzanyemba nhungamiro, kuti flotilla akauya apo panopinda San Juan, kwaakanga asiya kumirira panze muchando. Nokukurumidza pashure pokufa mumwe nezvikepe Magellan yaakatuma pamusoro ushori, mumwe chikepe vakasiya shure kuSpain. Nezvikepe matatu uye chakaitwa wekutanga rwendo vakapoteredza nyika Magellan. Muna November, vakabuda mugungwa, inova aidzidzisa inozivikanwa yainzi Pacific, sezvo kumarudzi avo nzira pano, hakuna dutu. Munzira pamusoro rwendo akazoziva kuti Marianas. Kwenguva refu havana kukwanisa nekuzadzisa zvakafanira zvokushandisa vaunoshanda, zvokuti vakawanda vakanga vachirwara chakakuvara, uye vamwe vanhu vakafa.

Rimwe danho kure chipfuro

Zvisinei, rwendo munyika Ferdinand Magellan akaramba, uye muna March 1521 zvikepe asvika boka Philippine Islands. Mukuedza chozvikunda, Magellan akapindira omunzvimbo feuds, uye panguva imwe kuri nzendo kure negungwa Ferdinand akaurayiwa skirmish pamwe vagari.

Magellan kuti rwendo pasi pose kusvika kumugumo, kubudikidza iyoyo vakanga 2 zvikepe, 113 zvikepe achitungamirirwa J. Carvalho, nokukurumidza akaurayiwa vapanduki. The Portuguese akakunda mumwe zvikepe uye kufamba nenzira chitsuwa Borneo, mumwe mudziyo ane Spanish vashandi vemo uye achitungamirirwa Captain Del Cano akayambuka Indian Ocean, uye muna September 1522 kusvika chengarava San Lucar. Magellan kuti rwendo pasi pose vapedza vanhu 18 chete, asi zviri unopfuura makakanganisa nautical nzira uye kuwedzera nzvimbo mugungwa pakufamba.